Fig. 1 · Structure

Cat. No.: A10519
CAS No.: 541-15-1
Formula: C₇H₁₅NO₃
Mol. Weight: 161.20

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L-Carnitine

Co-factor for β-oxidation

L-Carnitine, an essential co-factor for mitochondrial β-oxidation, plays a critical role in the transport of long-chain fatty acyl-CoAs into mitochondria for their degradation. This zwitterionic compound also exhibits antioxidant properties, contributing to cellular protection. L-Carnitine is widely used in research to investigate metabolic disorders and to explore potential therapeutic interventions for various inborn errors of metabolism.

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In Vivo Studies

L-Carnitine administered in drinking water from weaning increased atherosclerotic disease burden in female Apoe−/− mice compared with chow-fed controls in the absence of antibiotics. Mice receiving an oral antibiotic cocktail to suppress intestinal microbiota showed complete inhibition of the dietary L-Carnitine-dependent increase in atherosclerosis. [1]

Literature-reported observations and conditions; not Adooq-tested protocols or general treatment recommendations.

Dietary Supplementation and Atherosclerosis in Mice

Animal study · C57BL/6J, Apoe−/− female mice [1]

C57BL/6J, Apoe−/− mice were fed normal chow diet versus the same diet supplemented with L-carnitine from time of weaning. Aortic root atherosclerotic plaque quantification revealed approximately a doubling in disease burden compared to normal chow fed animals. Parallel studies in mice placed on oral antibiotic cocktail to suppress intestinal microbiota showed complete inhibition in dietary L-carnitine-dependent increase in atherosclerosis.

Measured endpoints — not treatment concentrations
Endpoint	Reported result	Reference
aortic root atherosclerotic lesion area	aortic root atherosclerotic plaque 1.3% L-carnitine, absence of antibiotics: approximately a doubling in disease burden	[1]

Conditions shared by the study groups

Route: mouse drinking water
Treatment course: from time of weaning
Vehicle: mouse drinking water

Study groups and reported outcomes
Group / dose	Comparator	Observed result	Reference
L-Carnitine 1.3%	standard chow control diet (Teklad 2018)	1.3% L-carnitine, absence of antibiotics: approximately a doubling in disease burden compared to normal chow fed animals; mice placed on oral antibiotic cocktail to suppress intestinal microbiota showed complete inhibition in dietary L-carnitine-dependent increase in atherosclerosis.	[1]

L-Carnitine 1.3%: Model: C57BL/6J, Apoe−/− female mice

Methods and source locations

Compound reported in the paper: L-Carnitine

Literature evidence for the named compound in the stated model; no Adooq product-use or lot-performance claim.

RESULTS > Dietary L-carnitine promotes microbiota dependent atherosclerosis (S64, S65, S66); Online Methods > Aortic root lesion quantification (S150, S151, S155, S156); Figure 5 legend (S234)

aortic root atherosclerotic lesion area: aortic root atherosclerotic lesion area; comparator: standard chow control diet (Teklad 2018) — RESULTS > Dietary L-carnitine promotes microbiota dependent atherosclerosis (S65, S66); Online Methods > Aortic root lesion quantification (S151, S156); Figure 5 legend (S234)

L-Carnitine 1.3% · RESULTS > Dietary L-carnitine promotes microbiota dependent atherosclerosis (S64, S65, S66); Online Methods > Aortic root lesion quantification (S151); Figure 5 legend (S234)

Specifications

Manufacturer	Adooq Bioscience
CAS Number	541-15-1
Applications	Co-factor for β-oxidation
Formula	C₇H₁₅NO₃
Molecular Weight	161.20
Synonyms	(R)-Carnitine; Levocarnitine
SMILES	C[N+](C)(C)C[C@H](O)CC([O-])=O

Storage & Solubility

In Vitro Solubility

Reported Solubility

No reported solubility data are available for this product.

Preparing Stock Solutions

Stock preparation is unavailable for this product molecular weight.

Calculated stock concentrations do not establish solvent solubility. Refer to the reported solubility data for experimental guidance.

Storage

Store powder at -20°C, keep desiccated.
In powder form, the chemical is stable for 36 months.
In solution, store at -20°C and use within 1 month to prevent loss of potency. Aliquot to avoid multiple freeze/thaw cycles.

Research References

[1] Koeth RA, Wang Z, Levison BS, et al. Intestinal microbiota metabolism of L-carnitine, a nutrient in red meat, promotes atherosclerosis. Nat Med (2013). PMID: 23563705 DOI: 10.1038/nm.3145 Source material