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MDM2 inhibitors disrupt the binding of mouse double minute 2 homolog (MDM2) to the tumor suppressor p53. In 1992 the MDM2 protein was shown to form a complex with p53 and inhibit p53-mediated transactivation. MDM2 is also an E3 ubiquitin ligase that promotes the rapid degradation of p53, as reported in 1997. Nutlins, reported in 2004, occupy the p53-binding pocket of MDM2 and activate the p53 pathway in cells and in vivo. Nutlin 3a is the active enantiomer of nutlin-3, and Nutlin 3b is a much weaker enantiomer used as a control. RG7112 and APG-115 are further MDM2 inhibitors, while MD-224 is a degrader that removes MDM2 protein. SJ 172550 targets the MDM2 relative MDM4 (also called MDMX).
Synonyms: thioureidobutyronitrile
Kevetrin (thioureidobutyronitrile), is a water-soluble, small molecule and activator of the tumor suppressor protein p53, with potential antineoplastic activity.
WR 1065, a dephosphorylated metabolite of amifostine (Ethyol), can protect against the immediate and delayed effects of radiation exposure.
Synonyms: KT-253
Seldegamadlin is a selective p53 stabilizer and an MDM2 PROTAC degrader with a DC50 of 0.4 nM. It effectively inhibits the proliferation of RS4;11 cancer cells, demonstrating an IC50 of 0.3 nM, and induces cell cycle arrest at the G2/M phase while promoting apoptosis. By upregulating p53 activity, Seldegamadlin overcomes the p53-MDM2 feedback loop, making it a valuable tool for research in hematologic and solid tumors, including acute myeloid leukemia (AML) and acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL).
