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Selection antibiotics and contamination-control reagents isolate modified cells and keep cultures free of microbes. Stable mammalian cell lines are selected with an antibiotic matched to the resistance gene, such as puromycin, G418, blasticidin S, hygromycin B or phleomycin D1. Ampicillin, carbenicillin, kanamycin and chloramphenicol select bacteria that carry resistance plasmids. Penicillin G with streptomycin, gentamicin, amphotericin B and nystatin are added to media to limit bacterial and fungal contamination. Ciprofloxacin is also used in protocols that remove mycoplasma from infected cultures.
