Catalog No.
Product Name
Application
Product Information
Citations
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Drug Metabolite
Homovanillyl alcohol is a biological metabolite of Hydroxytyrosol, a phenolic compound found in virgin olive oil and wine. It exhibits notable antioxidant properties, offering protection to red blood cells from oxidative stress. Additionally, Homovanillyl alcohol has implications in cardiovascular disease research, making it a valuable compound for studying oxidative damage and potential therapeutic interventions. -
PDE Inhibitor
Theophylline monohydrate is a potent phosphodiesterase (PDE) inhibitor that primarily targets PDE3, promoting relaxation of airway smooth muscle. This compound exhibits anti-inflammatory properties by increasing interleukin-10 (IL-10) levels and inhibiting the nuclear translocation of NF-κB. Additionally, Theophylline monohydrate is known to induce apoptosis in certain cell types. It is widely utilized in research related to asthma and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). -
Chloride Channel Inhibitor
Shikonin is a potent inhibitor of the TMEM16A chloride channel, exhibiting an IC50 value of 6.5 μM. This compound functions as a specific inhibitor of pyruvate kinase M2 (PKM2) and also modulates inflammatory pathways by inhibiting TNF-α and NF-κB activation. In addition, Shikonin decreases exosome secretion by impairing glycolytic processes and effectively inhibits AIM2 inflammasome activation. Its diverse activities make it a valuable reagent for investigating cellular signaling and inflammatory responses in research applications. -
Endogenous Metabolite
Taurohyodeoxycholic acid, an endogenous metabolite and 6 alpha-hydroxylated bile acid, exhibits anti-inflammatory properties by significantly reducing colonic myeloperoxidase (MPO) activity, TNF-α, IL-6 serum levels, and COX-2 expression. It has been shown to alleviate ulcerative colitis induced by trinitrobenzene sulfonic acid by modulating the balance between Th1/Th2 and Th17/Treg cells. Additionally, taurohyodeoxycholic acid improves outcomes in high-fat diet-induced nonalcoholic fatty liver disease in murine models and protects against hepatotoxicity in bile fistula rats. This compound is valuable for research into nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD), colitis, and biliary fistula conditions. -
Amylase Substrate
Maltotetraose is a carbohydrate compound that serves as a substrate for enzyme-linked assays to measure amylase activity in biological fluids. Its primary biological activity includes the reduction of TNF-α-induced inflammatory responses through inhibition of NF-κB activity and decreased expression of ICAM-1. Additionally, maltotetraose inhibits PDGF-induced vascular smooth muscle cell migration and neovascularization. Its derivatives can also be utilized as probes for detecting bacterial infections by targeting the maltodextrin transporter, making maltotetraose a valuable tool in research related to atherosclerosis and inflammatory diseases. -
Endogenous Metabolite
Lacto-N-neotetraose (LNnT) is an endogenous metabolite that plays a crucial role in modulating inflammation. It has been shown to inhibit TNF-α-induced IL-8 secretion in immature epithelial cells, highlighting its anti-inflammatory properties. LNnT is of particular interest in wound healing research, as it demonstrates the potential to enhance wound closure processes. -
Endogenous Metabolite
D-chiro-Inositol is an endogenous metabolite that plays a significant role in glucose metabolism and insulin signaling. It is known to improve insulin sensitivity, reduce hyperglycemia and serum androgen levels, and alleviate metabolic disturbances associated with conditions such as type 2 diabetes and polycystic ovary syndrome. D-chiro-Inositol also demonstrates anti-inflammatory properties by reducing pro-inflammatory factors and cytokines, making it relevant in research on liver cirrhosis and breast cancer. Its multifaceted biological activities render it a valuable reagent for studies focusing on metabolic health and related disorders. -
MAO-A/B Inhibitor
1,4-Naphthoquinone serves as a potent inhibitor targeting monoamine oxidase A and B (MAO-A/B) with competitive inhibition of MAO-B (Ki=1.4 μM) and non-competitive inhibition of MAO-A (Ki=7.7 μM). This compound exhibits broad-spectrum biological activity, inhibiting various DNA polymerases alongside notable anti-tumor, anti-inflammatory, and antibacterial properties. Its mechanism includes the induction of oxidative stress, glutathione (GSH) depletion, suppression of DNA synthesis, and blockage of NF-κB nuclear translocation. 1,4-Naphthoquinone is applicable in research involving melanoma and colon cancer cell growth, endothelial cell function, and models of lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced inflammation. -
PPARγ Agonist
Rosiglitazone hydrochloride is a selective agonist of the peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma (PPARγ), demonstrating an EC50 of 60 nM and a Kd of 40 nM. In addition to its primary action, it acts as a TRPC5 activator with an EC50 of 30 μM and a TRPM3 inhibitor. This compound is extensively utilized in research related to obesity, diabetes, cellular senescence, and ovarian cancer. -
HDAC/NAMPT Inhibitor
HDAC/NAMPT-IN-1 is a potent dual inhibitor of histone deacetylases (HDAC) and nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD+) biosynthesis enzyme NAMPT, exhibiting IC50 values ranging from 0.72 to 37081 nM for HDAC and 1618 nM for NAMPT. This compound demonstrates significant potential in modulating cellular acetylation levels and metabolic processes associated with cancer and neurodegenerative diseases. Its application in research can facilitate studies on epigenetic regulation and NAD+ metabolism, contributing to a deeper understanding of cellular mechanisms and therapeutic strategies. -
CYP51/HDAC Inhibitor
CYP51/HDAC-IN-1 is a potent dual inhibitor of CYP51 and HDAC, demonstrating significant biological activity in combating virulence factors as well as down-regulating resistance-associated genes. This compound shows promising therapeutic potential for treating tropical candidiasis and cryptococcal meningitis, making it a valuable tool for research in antifungal therapies. -
HDAC1/MAO-B Inhibitor
HDAC1/MAO-B-IN-1 is a selective inhibitor targeting both HDAC1 and MAO-B, exhibiting IC50 values of 21.4 nM and 99.0 nM, respectively. This compound effectively crosses the blood-brain barrier, making it a valuable tool for studying neurological disorders. Its potential applications include research into Alzheimer's disease and related pathologies, facilitating the exploration of epigenetic modifications and monoamine metabolism in the brain. -
Dual HDAC/HSP90 Inhibitor
HDAC/HSP90-IN-1 is a potent dual inhibitor targeting both histone deacetylases (HDAC) with an IC50 of 194 nM and heat shock protein 90 (HSP90), specifically HSP90α with an IC50 of 153 nM. This compound induces the expression of HSP70, downregulates HSP90 client proteins, and facilitates the acetylation of α-tubulin and histone H3 in cancer cells. Additionally, HDAC/HSP90-IN-1 effectively reduces PD-L1 expression in interferon-gamma treated H1975 cells, making it a valuable tool for cancer research, particularly in lung and colon malignancies. -
sEH/HDAC6 inhibitor
sEH/HDAC6-IN-1 is a selective, orally active dual inhibitor of soluble epoxide hydrolase (sEH) and histone deacetylase 6 (HDAC6), exhibiting IC50 values of 2 nM for human sEH, 0.72 nM for murine sEH, and 5 nM for HDAC6. This compound demonstrates notable analgesic and anti-inflammatory properties, making it a valuable tool for research into pain management and inflammatory disorders. The ability to simultaneously target these two enzymes provides insights into their roles in various biological processes. -
sEH/HDAC6 Inhibitor
sEH/HDAC6-IN-2 is a potent dual inhibitor targeting soluble epoxide hydrolase (sEH) and histone deacetylase 6 (HDAC6), demonstrating IC50 values of 0.9 nM for human sEH, 46.8 nM for mouse sEH, and 8 nM for HDAC6. This compound is significant for investigating inflammatory pain mechanisms and related biological pathways, potentially aiding in the development of novel analgesics. Its dual activity positions it as a valuable tool in research focused on neuroinflammation and pain management. -
HO-1 Inducer
HPO-DAEE (4-Hydroperoxy-2-decenoic acid ethyl ester) acts as an inducer of heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1) through the activation of the Nrf2-antioxidant response element (ARE) signaling pathway. This compound promotes the upregulation of various antioxidant genes, providing protective effects against oxidative stress. Additionally, HPO-DAEE exhibits histone deacetylase inhibition, leading to increased expression of extracellular superoxide dismutase via histone acetylation. It has demonstrated efficacy in mitigating cell death induced by 6-hydroxydopamine through the activation of both the Nrf2-ARE and eIF2α-ATF4 pathways, making it a valuable tool for research in oxidative stress-related studies. -
HDAC/PDE5 Inhibitor
CM-414 is a potent dual inhibitor of phosphodiesterase 5 (PDE5) and histone deacetylases (HDACs), exhibiting IC50 values of 60 nM for PDE5 and ranging from 91 nM to 490 nM for various HDAC isoforms, including HDAC6 and HDAC1. This compound effectively reduces levels of amyloid-beta (Aβ) and phosphorylated tau (pTau) in Tg2576 mouse models, making it a valuable tool for Alzheimer's disease research. Its ability to penetrate the blood-brain barrier enhances its potential for studying neurodegenerative disorders and therapeutic interventions. -
Dual HDAC/HSP90 Inhibitor
HDAC/HSP90-IN-2 is a dual inhibitor of histone deacetylases (HDAC) and heat shock protein 90 (HSP90), exhibiting an IC50 of 360 nM for HDAC and 77 nM for HSP90α. This compound effectively induces HSP70 expression, downregulates client proteins associated with HSP90, and enhances the acetylation of α-tubulin and histone H3 in cancer cells. Additionally, HDAC/HSP90-IN-2 reduces PD-L1 expression in H1975 cells treated with IFN-γ. Its applications are particularly relevant in cancer research, including studies focused on lung and colon cancer. -
HDAC/Hsp90 Inhibitor
HDAC/HSP90-IN-3 is a potent dual inhibitor targeting fungal Hsp90 and histone deacetylases (HDAC) with IC50 values of 0.83 μM and 0.91 μM, respectively. This compound demonstrates significant antifungal activity against azole-resistant Candida albicans. Additionally, HDAC/HSP90-IN-3 effectively suppresses key virulence factors and down-regulates drug-resistant genes such as ERG11 and CDR1, making it valuable for research in antifungal resistance and pathogenicity. -
HDAC6/HSP90 Inhibitor
HDAC6/HSP90-IN-1 is a potent dual inhibitor targeting both HDAC6 and HSP90, demonstrating IC50 values of 4.3 nM and 46.8 nM, respectively. This compound effectively down-regulates PD-L1 expression in INF-γ treated H1975 lung cancer cells, contributing to its potential in cancer therapy. Additionally, HDAC6/HSP90-IN-1 has shown promising efficacy in inhibiting tumor growth in human H1975 xenograft mice models, making it a valuable tool for cancer research. -
HDAC/PDE5 Inhibitor
CM-545 is a dual inhibitor targeting both histone deacetylases (HDACs) and phosphodiesterase 5 (PDE5). With pIC50 values of 7.47 for PDE5, 6.65 for HDAC1, 6.14 for HDAC2, 6.55 for HDAC3, and 6.84 for HDAC6, CM-545 demonstrates potent inhibitory activity. This compound has applications in cancer research and therapeutic interventions related to neurodegenerative diseases and cardiovascular conditions, owing to its modulation of histone acetylation and cyclic nucleotide signaling pathways. -
IDO Inhibitor
IDO1 and HDAC1 Inhibitor (Compound 10) is a dual-target inhibitor that effectively inhibits indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase 1 (IDO1) and histone deacetylase 1 (HDAC1) with IC50 values of 69.0 nM and 66.5 nM, respectively. This compound demonstrates significant biological activity in modulating immune responses and epigenetic regulation. It is suitable for use in cancer research, immunotherapy studies, and investigations into the mechanistic roles of IDO1 and HDAC1 in various biological processes. -
MAO A/HDAC Inhibitor
MAO A/HDAC-IN-1 is a dual inhibitor targeting monoamine oxidase A (MAO A) and histone deacetylases (HDAC). This compound exhibits significant biological activity in glioma research, facilitating studies on tumor biology and epigenetic modifications. Additionally, MAO A/HDAC-IN-1 features an alkyne group that enables copper-catalyzed azide-alkyne cycloaddition (CuAAc), making it a valuable tool for click chemistry applications in investigating cellular processes. -
Hsp90 Inhibitor
PU24FCl is a selective inhibitor of the heat shock protein 90 (Hsp90). This compound demonstrates significant anti-cancer activity, promoting tumor regression by disrupting chaperone activity critical for the stability and function of multiple oncogenic clients. Notably, PU24FCl selectively accumulates in tumor tissues while being rapidly eliminated from normal tissues, enhancing its therapeutic potential in cancer research applications. -
Endogenous Metabolite
Homovanillic acid, a key metabolite of dopamine, serves as an important biomarker in various neurological and metabolic disorders. Elevated or altered levels of homovanillic acid have been implicated in conditions such as aromatic L-amino acid decarboxylase deficiency, celiac disease, growth hormone deficiency, and sepiapterin reductase deficiency. This compound is valuable for research applications focused on neurochemistry and metabolic diseases, enabling the study of dopamine metabolism and related pathologies. -
MAO-B Inhibitor
Desmethoxyyangonin is a selective inhibitor of monoamine oxidase B (MAO-B), with an IC50 value of 0.123 µM. This kavalactone, derived from the Piper methysticum plant, exhibits notable anti-inflammatory properties through the inhibition of Jak2/STAT3 and IKK signaling pathways. Additionally, Desmethoxyyangonin plays a role in inducing CYP3A23 expression and contributes to skeletal muscle relaxation, making it a valuable tool for research in neuropharmacology and inflammation. -
PPAR Activator
Alpinetin is a flavonoid that acts as a PPAR-γ activator, demonstrating significant anti-inflammatory and hepatoprotective properties. It effectively inhibits lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced inflammation and protects against LPS-induced renal injury by modulating TLR4 expression and activating the Nrf2 pathway. Its diverse biological activities make Alpinetin a valuable reagent for research into tumor biology, cardiovascular health, and neuroprotection. -
Partial PPARγ Agonist
Oroxin A is a partial agonist of the peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma (PPARγ). It enhances PPARγ transcriptional activity through binding to the PPARγ ligand-binding domain. Additionally, Oroxin A demonstrates inhibitory effects on α-glucosidase and possesses antioxidant properties. Its anti-breast cancer potential is attributed to the induction of endoplasmic reticulum stress-mediated cellular senescence, making it a valuable tool for research in metabolic and cancer biology. -
PPAR Activator
Angeloylgomisin H is a PPAR-γ activator derived from the lignin extract of Schisandra rubriflora. This compound has demonstrated the ability to enhance insulin-stimulated glucose uptake, making it a valuable candidate for research in metabolic disorders and diabetes. Its mechanism of action may provide insights into therapeutic strategies aimed at improving insulin sensitivity and glucose metabolism. -
PDE IV Inhibitor/A1AR Antagonist
Doxofylline is an orally active phosphodiesterase IV (PDE IV) inhibitor and adenosine A1 receptor (A1AR) antagonist. It exhibits anti-inflammatory properties by reducing mitochondrial reactive oxygen species (ROS) production and modulating various cellular pathways, including the NLRP3-TXNIP inflammasome activation. This compound is valuable for research related to respiratory diseases such as asthma, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), and bronchospasm. -
PDE Inhibitor
Flavoxate hydrochloride is a competitive inhibitor of phosphodiesterase (PDE), providing significant antispasmodic effects through its action as a muscarinic acetylcholine receptor (mAChR) antagonist. In addition to its PDE inhibition, it exhibits moderate calcium antagonistic properties and local anesthetic effects. Flavoxate hydrochloride is utilized in research focused on overactive bladder (OAB) and related lower urinary tract infections, contributing to a better understanding of these conditions and potential therapeutic approaches. -
PDE5 Inhibitor
Vardenafil hydrochloride trihydrate is a selective and orally active phosphodiesterase-5 (PDE5) inhibitor, exhibiting an IC50 of 0.7 nM. It also demonstrates inhibitory effects on PDE1 and PDE6 with IC50 values of 180 nM and 11 nM, respectively, while showing minimal activity against PDE3 and PDE4 (IC50s >1000 nM). By competitively inhibiting the hydrolysis of cyclic guanosine monophosphate (cGMP), Vardenafil hydrochloride trihydrate elevates cGMP levels. This compound is primarily utilized in research related to erectile dysfunction as well as conditions such as hepatitis and diabetes. -
Endogenous Metabolite
Spermine is an endogenous metabolite known for its antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties. It exhibits inhibitory effects on certain bacterial strains, particularly Staphylococcus aureus, and induces neurotoxicity in a dose-dependent manner in striatal cells. Additionally, spermine can reversibly inhibit DNA synthesis, mixed lymphocyte responses, and cytolytic lymphocyte induction in murine spleen cell cultures. Spermine tetrahydrochloride serves as a nitric oxide donor, modulating platelet activation in a concentration-dependent manner, while also demonstrating inhibitory effects on primary human embryo lung fibroblasts in vitro. -
PDE3/PDE4/PDE5/HRH1 Inhibitor
Fenspiride hydrochloride is a non-steroidal anti-inflammatory agent and an antagonist of the H1-histamine receptor. It selectively inhibits phosphodiesterase activities, including PDE3, PDE4, and PDE5, with -log IC50 values of 3.44, 4.16, and approximately 3.8, respectively. This compound is valuable for research applications focused on respiratory diseases, highlighting its potential in therapeutic investigations and the modulation of inflammatory responses. -
Carbonic Anhydrase Inhibitor
Fluorometholone acetate is a synthetic glucocorticoid corticosteroid that functions as a potent inhibitor of carbonic anhydrase (CA). It displays inhibition with IC50 values of 2.18 μM for human carbonic anhydrase I (hCA-I) and 17.5 μM for human carbonic anhydrase II (hCA-II). This compound exhibits significant anti-inflammatory properties, making it valuable for research in external ocular inflammation and related therapeutic applications. -
PDE Inhibitor
Pentoxifylline is a non-selective phosphodiesterase (PDE) inhibitor with significant haemorheological properties. It exhibits immune modulation, anti-inflammatory, anti-fibrinolytic, and anti-proliferative activities, making it a valuable tool in biomedical research. Pentoxifylline is particularly applicable in studies of peripheral vascular disease, cerebrovascular disease, and other conditions associated with impaired regional microcirculation. -
Rare Aldopentose
D-Arabinopyranose is a rare aldo-pentose that serves as a precursor to D-arabinose in its open-chain form. This compound exhibits significant biological activity, including antidepressant effects and growth inhibition in Caenorhabditis elegans with an IC50 of 7.5 mM. D-Arabinose penetrates the blood-brain barrier, specifically modulating the metabolism of D-ribose and D-fructose, while also demonstrating antibacterial properties by inhibiting biofilm synthesis. Additionally, it activates the ACSS2-PPARγ/TFEB-CRTC1 axis via the lysosomal AXIN-LKB1-AMPK pathway, leading to antidepressant-like outcomes. -
HMG-CoA Reductase (HMGCR) Inhibitor
Pravastatin is a competitive inhibitor of HMG-CoA reductase (HMGCR), playing a critical role in the regulation of cholesterol biosynthesis. With an IC50 value of 5.6 μM, it effectively reduces cholesterol levels and is commonly utilized in cardiovascular research. This compound is valuable for studies investigating lipid metabolism and the pharmacological modulation of cholesterol levels in various biological systems. -
Hydrocholeretic Agent
Dehydrocholic acid sodium is a hydrocholeretic agent that enhances bile production and secretion. It possesses the ability to modulate autophagy, decrease serum levels of amylase and lipase, protect hepatic function, and regulate cholesterol metabolism. This compound is particularly relevant for research on acute biliary pancreatitis and obstructive jaundice, providing insights into its potential therapeutic benefits in liver and pancreatic disorders. -
Endogenous Metabolite
D-Glucuronic acid is an endogenous metabolite that plays a crucial role in the synthesis of anti-inflammatory proteoglycans. It is implicated in promoting embryonic development and inhibiting cell aggregation. This compound can be metabolized to ethyl glucuronide, which activates Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4), associated with pain signaling. D-Glucuronic acid and its derivative glucurono-lactone are recognized for their potential as liver detoxifiers and exhibit anti-tumor activity, making them important tools in various biological research applications. -
Endogenous Metabolite
Spermine tetrahydrochloride is a polyamine that serves as a nitric oxide donor, modulating platelet activation in a concentration-dependent manner. This endogenous metabolite exhibits a range of biological activities, including antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties, and demonstrates inhibitory effects on primary human embryo lung fibroblasts in vitro. Additionally, spermine influences immune responses by reversibly inhibiting DNA synthesis and lymphocyte activation in murine spleen cell cultures. Its antibacterial properties include inhibition of certain bacterial strains, notably Staphylococcus aureus, while also eliciting neurotoxic effects in the striatum in a dose-dependent fashion. -
PDE5 Inhibitor
Vardenafil hydrochloride is a selective phosphodiesterase-5 (PDE5) inhibitor, exhibiting an IC50 of 0.7 nM. This compound demonstrates moderate inhibition of PDE1 and PDE6, with IC50 values of 180 nM and 11 nM, respectively, while showing minimal activity against PDE3 and PDE4. By competitively inhibiting the hydrolysis of cyclic guanosine monophosphate (cGMP), Vardenafil hydrochloride effectively elevates cGMP levels. It serves as a valuable tool in research related to erectile dysfunction, hepatitis, and diabetes. -
CYP3A4 Inhibitor
Escholtzine perchlorate is a potent CYP3A4 inhibitor derived from the alkaloid Eschscholzia californica. This compound demonstrates significant biological activity, with an IC50 value for CYP3A4 of 13.4 μM and an EC50 value for the 5-HT1A receptor of 11 μM. Escholtzine perchlorate is primarily utilized in research focused on anxiety and depression, offering valuable insights into pharmacological mechanisms related to these conditions. -
5-HT6R/MAO-B Inhibitor
5-HT6R/MAO-B modulator 1 is a selective antagonist of the 5-HT6 receptor with Gs signaling activity and serves as an irreversible inhibitor of monoamine oxidase B (MAO-B). This compound demonstrates glioprotective effects and has the capability to reverse memory deficits induced by scopolamine. Additionally, it features an alkyne group, enabling it to participate in copper-catalyzed azide-alkyne cycloaddition (CuAAc) reactions, making it a versatile tool for chemical biology applications. -
Drug Metabolite
BMY 28674 (6-Hydroxybuspirone) is a significant drug metabolite of the anxiolytic agent buspirone, primarily metabolized by CYP3A4. This compound exhibits selective binding to the serotonin receptor subtype 5-HT1A in the rat hippocampus and dorsal raphe, with effective concentrations (EC50s) of 4 μM and 1 μM, respectively. Additionally, BMY 28674 acts as an antagonist at dopamine D2, D3, and D4 receptors, demonstrating inhibitory constants (IC50s) of 3.1 μM, 4.9 μM, and 0.85 μM, respectively. Moreover, it inhibits the activity of organic cation transporters OCT1, OCT2, and OCT3 in human proximal tubule cells in a concentration-dependent manner, making it relevant for pharmacological studies involving these receptors and transporters. -
Hsp90 Inhibitor
Conglobatin is a macrolide dilactone that functions as an Hsp90 inhibitor. It selectively binds to the N-terminal domain of Hsp90, effectively disrupting the Hsp90-Cdc37 complex formation. This compound demonstrates significant apoptotic activity in human breast cancer cells and esophageal squamous cell carcinoma cells, and it exhibits notable antitumor efficacy in vivo, making it a potential candidate for cancer research applications. -
Herbicide
Fomesafen is an orally active herbicide that primarily targets protoporphyrinogen oxidase (PPO). This compound is effective in inducing apoptosis and increasing reactive oxygen species (ROS), which contributes to its herbicidal activity. In addition to its application in managing broadleaf weeds in soybean fields, rubber plantations, and orchards, it has been associated with developmental toxicity, immunotoxicity, and neurotoxicity, as well as the induction of precancerous lesions and hepato-porphyria in murine models. -
Endogenous Metabolite
D-Glucaric acid tetrahydrate is an endogenous metabolite that serves as an important product of the mammalian D-glucuronidation pathway. This compound exhibits notable biological activities, including the induction of apoptosis and the reduction of expression of myelin-related genes in the hippocampus, such as Mbp and Plp1. Additionally, D-Glucaric acid tetrahydrate demonstrates cholesterol-lowering and anti-tumor properties, making it relevant for research applications in neurological diseases and cancer biology. -
Herbicide
Glyphosate-13C2,15N is a stable isotope-labeled derivative of glyphosate, an herbicide that specifically inhibits the shikimate pathway, crucial for the biosynthesis of aromatic amino acids in plants. This compound is used in research to study the metabolic processes in plants and assess the environmental fate of glyphosate. Its isotopic labeling allows for precise tracking and analysis in various experimental settings, enhancing understanding of herbicide behavior and plant interactions. -
Enpp/Carbonic Anhydrase Inhibitor
Enpp/Carbonic anhydrase-IN-2 is a potent inhibitor of ecto-nucleotide pyrophosphatase/phosphodiesterase (Enpp) and carbonic anhydrases, exhibiting IC50 values of 1.13 µM for NPP1, 1.07 µM for NPP2, 0.74 µM for NPP3, 0.33 µM for CA-IX, and 0.68 µM for CA-XII. This compound demonstrates significant antiproliferative effects on cancer cells while maintaining low cytotoxicity toward normal cell lines. Additionally, Enpp/Carbonic anhydrase-IN-2 has been shown to induce apoptosis, making it a valuable tool for cancer biology research and therapeutic development.
