Catalog No.
Product Name
Application
Product Information
Citations
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RAR/RXR Agonist
9-cis-Retinoic acid is a potent RAR/RXR agonist derived from vitamin A. It plays a critical role in inducing apoptosis and regulating the cell cycle, exhibiting significant anticancer, anti-inflammatory, and neuroprotective activities. This compound is valuable for research applications aimed at understanding retinoid signaling and its implications in various biological processes and diseases. -
Endogenous Metabolite
Crocin is an endogenous metabolite derived from the stigma of Crocus sativus, recognized for its role in inhibiting tumor cell proliferation and promoting apoptosis via the JAK signaling pathway. It exhibits significant anti-inflammatory and antioxidant properties, making it a valuable compound for research in cancer biology and therapeutic development. Crocin is utilized in studies focused on its potential as an antitumor agent and its broader implications in cellular health. -
Endogenous Metabolite
Phosphocreatine is an endogenous metabolite primarily known for its role in energy metabolism within vertebrate skeletal muscle. It enhances antioxidant activity and activates the TAK1 pathway, contributing to cardiac protection. Additionally, phosphocreatine normalizes mitochondrial function and mitigates oxidative stress through the Akt-mediated Nrf2/HO-1 pathway. Furthermore, it provides renal protection by inhibiting apoptosis and reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation via the ERK-mediated Nrf2/HO-1 pathway, making it a valuable tool for research in cellular stress responses and organ protection. -
RXR Antagonist
HX531 is an orally active antagonist of the retinoid X receptor (RXR), demonstrating an IC50 of 18 nM. This compound effectively upregulates the p53-p21Cip1 pathway while counteracting the anti-apoptotic effects of trans-retinoic acid (t-RA). HX531 is characterized by its potential applications in anti-obesity, anti-diabetic, and anti-melanoma research, making it a valuable tool for investigating metabolic and cancer-related pathways. -
Phospholipase C Activator
m-3M3FBS is a potent activator of phospholipase C (PLC). It effectively stimulates superoxide generation in human neutrophils and enhances intracellular calcium concentrations, leading to inositol phosphate production in diverse cell lines. Additionally, m-3M3FBS has been shown to induce apoptosis in monocytic leukemia cells, making it valuable for studying cellular signaling pathways and apoptosis mechanisms in research applications. -
Endogenous Metabolite
N1-Acetylspermidine hydrochloride is an acetyl derivative of polyamines, serving as a substrate for polyamine oxidase (PAO). It has been shown to promote apoptosis, particularly in conjunction with procyanidins, and demonstrates cleavage efficiency at apurinic sites in DNA. This compound has valuable applications in colorectal cancer research, facilitating investigations into polyamine metabolism and its implications in tumorigenesis. -
ChA Inhibitor
α-NETA is a potent noncompetitive inhibitor of choline acetyltransferase (ChA), exhibiting an IC50 value of 9 μM. Additionally, it displays strong antagonistic activity against aldehyde dehydrogenase 1A1 (ALDH1A1) with an IC50 of 0.04 µM and also targets chemokine-like receptor-1 (CMKLR1). While it shows some inhibitory effects on cholinesterase (ChE) and acetylcholinesterase (AChE) with higher IC50 values, α-NETA is notable for its anti-cancer properties, making it a valuable tool for research in cancer biology and neuropharmacology. -
CYP450 ω-Hydroxylase Inhibitor
17-ODYA is a selective CYP450 ω-hydroxylase inhibitor, demonstrating potent inhibition (IC50<100 nM) of 20-hydroxyeicosatetraenoic acid (20-HETE) and related eicosanoids in rat renal cortical microsomes. This compound effectively prevents isoproterenol-induced apoptosis and necrosis in cultured cardiomyocytes. Additionally, 17-ODYA serves as a click chemistry reagent with an alkyne group, facilitating copper-catalyzed azide-alkyne cycloaddition (CuAAc) with azide-containing molecules, making it a valuable tool for various biochemical applications. -
Endogenous Metabolite
Linolelaidic acid is an omega-6 trans fatty acid that functions as an endogenous metabolite with critical roles in human physiology. This compound exhibits anti-inflammatory and anti-parasitic activities, and has been shown to induce apoptosis in various cell types. Linolelaidic acid is relevant for research applications in the study of infections and nutritional science, particularly concerning enteral and parenteral nutrition as well as infant formula development. -
AhR agonist
β-Naphthoflavone is a potent aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AHR) agonist that modulates various biological processes, including cell proliferation, differentiation, apoptosis, and metabolism. This compound exhibits antioxidant activity, primarily by enhancing the function of antioxidant enzymes. As a non-carcinogenic CYP1A inducer, β-Naphthoflavone is valuable for investigating the mechanisms underlying aristolochic acid-induced renal injury and other related research applications. -
RARα Antagonist
Ro 41-5253 is a selective antagonist of the retinoic acid receptor alpha (RARα). It effectively binds to RARα without promoting transcriptional activity or influencing RAR/RXR heterodimerization and DNA binding. This compound demonstrates significant inhibition of cancer cell proliferation and can induce apoptosis, highlighting its potential as an antitumor agent in cancer research applications. -
Monoamine Oxidase Inhibitor
4-Hydroxyderricin is a selective inhibitor of Monoamine Oxidase B (MAO-B) with an IC50 of 3.43 μM, making it a valuable tool for studying neurological conditions. In addition to its primary mechanism, it exhibits mild inhibition of dopamine β-hydroxylase activity. This compound has demonstrated a range of biological activities, including antidepressant, anti-allergic, anti-diabetic, antioxidant, and antitumor effects. It has been shown to induce apoptosis and cell cycle arrest in hepatocellular carcinoma cells via modulation of the PI3K/AKT/mTOR pathway, as well as enhance osteoblast differentiation while inhibiting osteoclast formation, positioning it as a promising candidate for research into inflammatory diseases. -
Endogenous metabolite
6-Oxolithocholic acid is an endogenous bile acid metabolite primarily involved in bile acid metabolism and cholesterol synthesis regulation. It exhibits significant cytotoxic effects and can induce apoptosis in hepatocytes. This compound is valuable for research into the roles of bile acids in various health conditions, particularly in the context of digestive and liver diseases. -
HSP90β Inhibitor
CCT018159 is an ATP-competitive inhibitor of the HSP90β protein, exhibiting an IC50 of 3.2 μM against human HSP90β ATPase and 6.6 μM against yeast HSP90β ATPase. This compound induces cell cycle arrest and apoptosis in various tumor cell lines while effectively inhibiting processes such as invasion and angiogenesis. CCT018159 is particularly valuable for research applications in cancer biology and therapeutic development. -
Benzodiazepine Receptor Partial Agonist
Miltirone is a partial agonist of the central benzodiazepine receptor, exhibiting an IC50 value of 0.3 μM. This natural compound, derived from the root of Salvia miltiorrhiza, demonstrates significant biological activity by inducing ROS- and p53-dependent apoptosis. Additionally, Miltirone effectively inhibits carboxylesterase 2 (CES2) with a Ki of 0.04 μM and the main protease (Mpro) of SARS-CoV, making it valuable for research involving apoptosis, enzymatic regulation, and virology. -
Monoamine Oxidase Inhibitor
Harmol is a β-carboline alkaloid functioning as a monoamine oxidase inhibitor and TFEB activator. It has been shown to induce cell mitosis, autophagy, and apoptosis, promoting the degradation of α-synuclein through the autophagy-lysosomal pathway. Harmol exhibits notable anti-tumor, anti-depressant, and anti-aging properties and demonstrates efficacy in improving motor impairments in models of Parkinson's disease. This compound holds significant potential for research in neurodegenerative diseases and cellular autophagy mechanisms. -
Endogenous Metabolite
Stachyose hydrate is an endogenous metabolite that functions as an orally active prebiotic, promoting the growth and activity of beneficial gut bacteria. It exhibits hypoglycemic effects and contributes to inflammation reduction through gut microbiota modulation. Additionally, Stachyose hydrate has been shown to induce apoptosis in plant cells. This compound is valuable for research applications focused on inflammation, gastrointestinal diseases, and agricultural studies. -
HSP90AA1 Interactor, CNR1 Interactor, DRD2 Interactor,
Terrestrosin D is a small molecule that interacts with HSP90AA1, CNR1, and DRD2, functioning as an orally active apoptosis inducer. It effectively induces cell cycle arrest at the G1 and S phases while diminishing mitochondrial membrane potential, leading to the inhibition of growth in both cancer and endothelial cells. This compound is under investigation for its potential therapeutic applications in castration-resistant prostate cancer and pulmonary fibrosis. -
FXR Antagonist
Tauro-β-muricholic acid (TβMCA) serves as a competitive and reversible antagonist of the farnesoid X receptor (FXR), exhibiting an IC50 of 40 μM. This trihydroxylated bile acid demonstrates significant ability to inhibit bile acid-induced hepatocyte apoptosis by preserving mitochondrial membrane potential and hindering FXR signaling. It influences bile acid synthesis, hepatic lipid metabolism, and insulin sensitivity, while its accumulation can disrupt metabolic homeostasis, facilitating cancer stem cell proliferation and tumor progression. TβMCA is valuable in studies related to bile acid metabolism disorders, non-alcoholic fatty liver disease, colorectal cancer, and liver fibrosis, owing to its dual functionality in stabilizing mitochondrial integrity and regulating hepatic metabolism. -
HSP Inhibitor
Cucurbitacin D is a potent HSP90 inhibitor that disrupts the interaction between Hsp90 and co-chaperones Cdc37 and p23. This compound exhibits significant biological activities, including the induction of cell cycle arrest and apoptosis, showcasing its potential as an anti-tumor and anti-inflammatory agent. Cucurbitacin D is useful in research applications aimed at understanding the role of heat shock proteins in cancer and inflammation. -
Hsp70 Inhibitor
JG-231 is an allosteric inhibitor targeting heat shock protein 70 (Hsp70). By disrupting the interaction between Hsp70 and BAG family proteins, JG-231 exhibits an inhibition constant (Ki) of 0.11 μM. This compound effectively inhibits tumor cell proliferation and induces apoptosis, demonstrating significant antitumor activity. JG-231 is valuable for research into the roles of Hsp70 in cancer biology and its potential as a therapeutic target. -
IDO Inhibitor
(Rac)-Indoximod is an indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase (IDO) inhibitor that modulates immune responses. This compound synergizes with interferon-gamma (IFN-γ) to significantly decrease the activity of human cardiac myofibroblasts, characterized by α-SMA expression, and promotes apoptosis by upregulating the genes IRF-1, Fas, and FasL. Its applications include studying immune regulation and apoptosis in cardiac tissue and investigating therapeutic strategies for fibrotic diseases. -
ACE Inhibitor
Benazepril is an orally active angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitor that reduces the production of angiotensin II. This compound exhibits protective effects against oxidative stress and apoptosis through modulation of the PI3K/Akt signaling pathway. Benazepril is commonly utilized in research focusing on hypertension, heart failure, and diabetic nephropathy, demonstrating efficacy in improving diabetic nephropathy and reducing proteinuria. -
PKM2 Inhibitor
PKM2-IN-6 is a potent inhibitor of pyruvate kinase M2 (PKM2), exhibiting an IC50 value of 23 nM. This compound induces apoptosis and facilitates cell cycle arrest at the G2 phase, demonstrating significant anticancer activity. PKM2-IN-6 also decreases the mRNA levels of both PKM1 and PKM2, indicating its effect on metabolic regulation. This reagent is particularly relevant for research applications focused on triple-negative breast cancer. -
PCSK9 Inhibitor
Pinostrobin is a flavonoid that acts as a potent inhibitor of PCSK9, targeting its catalytic activity. This compound demonstrates significant anti-cancer, antioxidant, antiviral, and neuroprotective properties. Pinostrobin is suitable for research applications in diverse areas, including viral infections, cancer therapeutics, cardiovascular and cerebrovascular disorders, cirrhosis, inflammatory diseases, and neurological conditions. -
GLUT4 Inhibitor
GLUT4-IN-2 is a selective inhibitor of the glucose transporter GLUT4, exhibiting IC50 values of 6.8 µM for GLUT4 and 11.4 µM for GLUT1. This compound has been shown to induce cell apoptosis and arrest the cell cycle at the G0/G1 phase, highlighting its potential as an anticancer agent. GLUT4-IN-2 is suitable for research applications aimed at understanding glucose metabolism and evaluating therapeutic strategies in cancer biology. -
Phospholipase A2 Inhibitor
OBAA is a potent inhibitor of phospholipase A2 (PLA2), exhibiting an IC50 of 70 nM. This compound effectively blocks Melittin-induced calcium influx in Trypanosoma brucei, demonstrating an IC50 of 0.4 μM. OBAA is valuable for research applications aimed at understanding the role of PLA2 in various biological processes and cellular responses. -
IDO-1/NS2B-NS3 Inhibitor
Palmatine hydroxide is an irreversible inhibitor of indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase 1 (IDO-1) with IC50 values of 3 μM and 157 μM against HEK 293-hIDO-1 and rhIDO-1, respectively. This compound also exhibits uncompetitive inhibition of the West Nile virus NS2B-NS3 protease with an IC50 of 96 μM. Palmatine hydroxide demonstrates a wide range of biological activities, including anti-cancer, anti-oxidation, anti-inflammatory, neuroprotective, antibacterial, and antiviral effects, making it a valuable tool for research in cancer therapy, viral infections, and oxidative stress-related studies. -
Endogenous Metabolite
D-Glucaric acid potassium is an endogenous metabolite derived from the D-glucuronic acid pathway in mammals. This compound exhibits significant cholesterol-lowering properties and demonstrates anti-tumor activity by inhibiting tumor cell proliferation, reducing inflammation, and inducing apoptosis. Research applications include investigating its potential therapeutic role in cancer treatment and metabolic disorders. -
PAI-1 Inhibitor
MDI-2268 is a potent inhibitor of plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 (PAI-1), a crucial regulator of coagulation and fibrinolysis. By enhancing fibrinolytic activity, MDI-2268 exhibits significant antithrombotic properties, making it a valuable tool for studying blood coagulation dynamics. This compound is particularly relevant in research related to conditions such as deep vein thrombosis and other thromboembolic disorders. -
Fatty Acid Synthase (FASN) Inhibitor
trans-Chalcone is an effective inhibitor of fatty acid synthase (FASN) and α-amylase, offering significant potential in metabolic research. Isolated from the skin of Aronia melanocarpa, this biphenolic compound induces cell cycle arrest and apoptosis in the MCF-7 breast cancer cell line, demonstrating its utility in cancer studies. Additionally, trans-Chalcone exhibits antifungal properties, making it applicable in studies of both cancer and microbial pathogenicity. -
ALDH Inhibitor
KS106 is a selective inhibitor of aldehyde dehydrogenase (ALDH), demonstrating IC50 values of 334 nM for ALDH1A1, 2137 nM for ALDH2, and 360 nM for ALDH3A1. This compound exhibits significant antiproliferative and anticancer properties while maintaining low toxicity. KS106 effectively increases reactive oxygen species (ROS) levels, enhances lipid peroxidation, and leads to the accumulation of toxic aldehydes. Furthermore, it promotes apoptosis and induces cell cycle arrest at the G2/M phase, making it a valuable tool for cancer research and therapeutic studies. -
hCE1 Inhibitor
Nevadensin is a selective inhibitor of human carboxylesterase 1 (hCE1), exhibiting an IC50 value of 2.64 μM, while demonstrating significantly lower selectivity for hCE2 (IC50 of 132.8 μM). This natural flavonoid has been shown to induce apoptosis and DNA damage in cancer cells, indicating its potential for therapeutic applications in oncology. Additionally, Nevadensin displays a range of bioactivities, including anti-inflammatory, anti-tumor, anti-hypertensive, anti-tubercular, antitussive, antioxidant, and anti-microbial effects, making it a valuable agent for various research investigations. -
LXR Antagonist
Yamogenin, a diastereomer of diosgenin, acts as an antagonist of the liver X receptor (LXR). It has been shown to inhibit triacylglyceride (TG) accumulation in HepG2 hepatocytes by downregulating fatty acid synthesis gene expression. This steroidal saponin exhibits in vitro cytotoxic, antioxidant, and antimicrobial properties, inducing cell death through both extrinsic and intrinsic apoptosis pathways. Yamogenin has potential applications in research focused on gastric cancer. -
ALDH Inhibitor
KS100 is a potent inhibitor of aldehyde dehydrogenase (ALDH), demonstrating IC50 values of 230 nM for ALDH1A1, 1542 nM for ALDH2, and 193 nM for ALDH3A1. This compound exhibits significant antiproliferative and anticancer effects with minimal toxicity. KS100's mechanism includes the induction of reactive oxygen species (ROS), lipid peroxidation, and accumulation of toxic aldehydes. Additionally, it triggers apoptosis and causes cell cycle arrest at the G2/M phase, making it a valuable tool for cancer research. -
Endogenous Metabolite
Citric acid triammonium is a nitrogen-rich compound formed by the reaction of citric acid with ammonia in a 1:3 molar ratio. As an endogenous metabolite, it serves as an effective carbon source for the synthesis of carbon quantum dots (CDs). The enhanced nitrogen content of citric acid triammonium may facilitate the incorporation of nitrogen-based functional groups in CDs, contributing to improved emission-color tunability. Its unique properties make it valuable for research in materials science and nanotechnology applications. -
Anti-cancer Agent
Dihydromethysticin is a naturally occurring compound primarily targeting carboxylesterase 1 and CYP2A5. This orally active agent has demonstrated the ability to upregulate NLRC3 and induce apoptosis, showcasing its potential as an anti-cancer agent. Research indicates that dihydromethysticin exhibits significant anticancer activity against colorectal cancer and lung adenoma, making it a valuable tool in cancer research and therapeutic development. -
HSP90 C-terminal Inhibitor
NCT-58 is a potent C-terminal inhibitor of HSP90, which effectively disrupts the chaperone’s function without inducing the heat shock response. This compound exhibits significant anti-tumor activity by simultaneously downregulating HER family members and inhibiting Akt phosphorylation. Additionally, NCT-58 demonstrates the capability to kill trastuzumab-resistant breast cancer stem-like cells and induces apoptosis in HER2-positive breast cancer cells, making it a valuable tool for research on cancer therapeutics and resistance mechanisms. -
AhR Agonist
1,4-Dihydroxy-2-naphthoic acid is an agonist of the aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AhR). This compound exhibits significant anti-inflammatory activity and serves as a bacterially derived metabolite, making it of interest in studies related to immune modulation and inflammation. Its role in signaling pathways linked to AhR provides valuable insights for research in toxicology, pharmacology, and environmental health. -
Calcium Sensitiser
OR-1896 is a potent calcium sensitizer and active metabolite of Levosimendan, primarily targeting phosphodiesterase (PDE) III isoforms. It exhibits significant vasodilatory effects and can activate ATP-sensitive potassium channels, enhancing calcium sensitivity. OR-1896 has been shown to reduce cardiomyocyte apoptosis, alleviate cardiac remodeling, and mitigate myocardial inflammation, making it valuable for research in cardiovascular disease therapies. -
PKM2 Inhibitor
Vitamin K5 hydrochloride is a specific inhibitor of pyruvate kinase M2 (PKM2), with reported IC50 values of 28, 191, and 120 μM for PKM2, PKM1, and PKL, respectively. This compound exhibits significant biological activity by inducing apoptosis in colon 26 cancer cells, making it relevant for cancer research. Additionally, Vitamin K5 hydrochloride serves as a photosensitizer and antimicrobial agent, and it is applicable in the study of infections as well as a potential preservative in pharmaceuticals, foods, and beverages. -
PPARγ Inhibitor
Soyasaponin Ab is a potent PPARγ inhibitor with oral bioavailability. It effectively suppresses PPARγ transcriptional activity and induces apoptosis at elevated concentrations. This compound exhibits a range of biological activities, including anti-obesity, anti-oxidation, anti-inflammation, and anti-aging effects. Additionally, Soyasaponin Ab has been shown to mitigate memory impairment induced by Scopolamine, making it a valuable reagent for research in metabolic and neuroprotective applications. -
PDEIII Inhibitor
Anagrelide is a potent phosphodiesterase type III (PDE3) inhibitor with an IC50 of 36 nM. This imidazoquinazoline derivative effectively inhibits platelet aggregation and attenuates megakaryocytopoiesis in the bone marrow. Additionally, Anagrelide demonstrates the capacity to reduce proliferation and promote apoptosis in gastrointestinal stromal tumor (GIST) cells in vitro. Its primary application includes functioning as a platelet-lowering agent with significant antithrombopoietic properties. -
Hsp70 Inhibitor
YK5 is a potent and selective inhibitor of the heat shock protein 70 (Hsp70). It demonstrates a strong affinity for cytosolic Hsp70s in cancer cells, disrupting the formation of active oncogenic Hsp70/Hsp90/client protein complexes. This biological activity makes YK5 a valuable tool for research applications focused on cancer biology and the study of protein homeostasis in oncogenic processes. -
Endogenous Metabolite
L-Histidine is an essential amino acid that serves as an important metabolic precursor in various physiological processes. It plays a critical role in protein synthesis and is particularly vital for growth in infants. Additionally, L-Histidine functions as an inhibitor of mitochondrial glutamine transport, highlighting its relevance in mitochondrial function studies. This compound is frequently utilized in biochemical research and nutritional studies. -
MitoNEET Agonist /MAO-B Inhibitor
TT01001 is a selective and orally active mitoNEET agonist and monoamine oxidase B (MAO-B) inhibitor, with an IC50 of 8.84 μM. It functions by preventing mitoNEET-mediated mitochondrial dysfunction, thus attenuating oxidative stress and neuronal apoptosis. TT01001 has demonstrated potential in improving type II diabetes and enhancing mitochondrial function in murine models. This compound is suitable for research focused on type II diabetes and neurological disorders. -
Herbicide
2,4-D sodium, or 2,4-Dichlorophenoxyacetate sodium, acts as a selective herbicide targeting broad-leaved weeds. This compound induces apoptosis in plant cells and inhibits DNA and protein synthesis, ultimately disrupting normal plant growth and development. It is widely utilized in agricultural research to investigate herbicide resistance mechanisms and the effects of plant growth regulators. -
Nampt/SIRT1/PRDX5 Activator
Myricanol is a diarylheptanoid that acts as a Nampt activator, enhancing SIRT1 and PRDX5 activities. This compound exhibits notable anti-inflammatory properties and mitigates glucocorticoid-induced muscle atrophy while regulating inflammatory mediators. Additionally, it demonstrates growth inhibition and promotes apoptosis in human lung adenocarcinoma A549 cells. Myricanol is also implicated in neuroprotection via autophagy-mediated clearance of microtubule-associated protein tau and contributes to cardiovascular health by inhibiting key signaling pathways such as PDGFRβ and NF-κB. Its activation of mitochondrial transcription factor A (TFAM) further supports anti-renal fibrosis effects and improves insulin sensitivity through AMPK activation. -
Cathepsin L/JAK Inhibitor
Dual Cathepsin L/JAK-IN-1 is a dual inhibitor targeting Cathepsin L (CTSL) and Janus kinases (JAK), exhibiting IC50 values of 0.68 μM for CTSL, 337.1 nM for JAK1, 5.251 nM for JAK2, 27.29 nM for JAK3, and 172.6 nM for TYK2. This compound effectively inhibits the activation of key signaling pathways, including MAPK, NF-κB, and JAK/STAT, thereby providing substantial anti-inflammatory effects. Dual Cathepsin L/JAK-IN-1 is useful for investigating mechanisms underlying acute lung injury (ALI) and other inflammatory conditions. -
FGFR/CYP Inhibitor
FGFR-IN-10 is an orally bioactive inhibitor targeting fibroblast growth factor receptors (FGFR) and various cytochrome P450 enzymes (CYPs). It demonstrates significant potency against both wild type and V564F mutant FGFR2, with IC50 values of 104.1 nM and 43.6 nM, respectively. Additionally, FGFR-IN-10 inhibits CYP enzymes, including CYP2C9 (IC50: 3.33 µM), CYP2C19 (IC50: 18.75 µM), CYP2D6 (IC50: 4.34 µM), and CYP3A4 (IC50: 0.69 µM). This compound is valuable for researching FGFR-related signaling pathways and the pharmacokinetics of drug metabolism.
