Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS)

Reactive oxygen species (ROS) modulators are antioxidants, scavengers and enzyme inhibitors for oxidative stress work. Superoxide, hydrogen peroxide and hydroxyl radicals arise mainly from the mitochondrial respiratory chain and from oxidase enzymes. Cells remove superoxide with superoxide dismutase, an enzyme activity first described in 1969. Acetylcysteine supplies cysteine for glutathione synthesis, and Mito-TEMPO is a superoxide scavenger targeted to mitochondria. Allopurinol inhibits xanthine oxidase, one enzymatic source of superoxide in tissues. Zinc protoporphyrin blocks heme oxygenase 1 (HO-1), whose induction forms part of the cellular defense against oxidative stress. Temoporfin works the other way, as a photosensitizer that generates ROS under light. Inhibitors of the superoxide-producing enzymes are listed under NADPH Oxidase.

5 Items

  • 10-Gingerol
    Cat. No.
    A14475

    10-Gingerol

    10-Gingerol is an AMPK agonist derived from ginger oleoresin, exhibiting notable anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, and anti-proliferative properties. It effectively suppresses neointimal hyperplasia and inhibits the proliferation of vascular smooth muscle cells. Demonstrating significant radical scavenging activities, 10-Gingerol has IC50 values of 10.47 μM against DPPH, 1.68 μM against superoxide, and 1.35 μM against hydroxyl radicals. This compound also inhibits MDA-MB-231 tumor cell line proliferation with an IC50 of 12.1 μM, while targeting the PI3K/Akt signaling pathway to suppress proliferation, migration, invasion, and promote apoptosis. It holds potential for research applications in ulcerative colitis.

    5 mg
    $70.00
    10 mg
    $130.00
    All 6 sizes
  • ACA-28
    Cat. No.
    A24158

    ACA-28

    ACA-28 (compound 2a) is a potent modulator of the ERK MAPK signaling pathway that exerts anticancer effects through a unique mechanism involving ERK hyperactivation. Rather than inhibiting ERK activity directly, ACA-28 induces sustained ERK activation, which paradoxically triggers apoptosis in cancer cells. It demonstrates selective cytotoxicity, inhibiting the growth of melanoma cells (SK-MEL-28) with an IC₅₀ of 5.3 μM, while showing lower toxicity toward normal human melanocytes (NHEM), with an IC₅₀ of 10.1 μM. ACA-28's ability to exploit ERK signaling dysregulation for selective induction of apoptosis makes it a promising candidate for further development in cancer therapy, particularly in ERK-dependent malignancies.

    5 mg
    $252.00
    10 mg
    $434.00
    All 4 sizes
  • Sonlicromanol
    Cat. No.
    A38887

    Sonlicromanol

    Synonyms: KH176

    Sonlicromanol (KH176) is an orally active reactive oxygen species (ROS) modulator that targets oxidative stress pathways. It exhibits significant biological activity in the context of mitochondrial diseases, making it a valuable tool for research into mitochondrial dysfunction and associated disorders. Its ability to selectively modulate ROS levels facilitates investigations into cellular metabolism and signaling processes.

    1 mg
    $155.00
    5 mg
    $395.00
    All 6 sizes
  • Sonlicromanol hydrochloride
    Cat. No.
    A38902

    Sonlicromanol hydrochloride

    Synonyms: KH176 hydrochloride

    Sonlicromanol hydrochloride is a ROS-redox modulator designed to penetrate the blood-brain barrier. This derivative of Trolox exhibits significant potential in mitigating oxidative stress, making it valuable for the investigation of mitochondrial disorders. Its unique properties facilitate research into therapeutic strategies for various neurodegenerative diseases linked to redox imbalance.

    1 mg
    $75.00
    2 mg
    $115.00
    All 8 sizes

5 Items

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