Fig. 1 · Structure

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Enzastaurin (LY317615)

PKCβ inhibitor

LY317615 (Enzastaurin) is a potent and selective inhibitor of PKCβ with antiproliferative activity (IC50= ~6 nM).

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Publications for Enzastaurin

1 publication citing this product

  1. Bopei Cui, .et al. , Signal Transduct Target Ther, 2023, Sep 25;8(1):366 PMID: 37743418

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Biological Activity

Bioactivity / Mechanism

Enzastaurin showed cell-dependent signaling effects in uveal melanoma models. At 5–10 µM for 72 hours, ERK1/2 phosphorylation decreased in three GNAQ-mutant lines and in Mel285, whereas AKT Ser473 phosphorylation was affected only in Mel285. These findings limit generalization of AKT-pathway suppression across models and do not demonstrate direct ERK or AKT inhibition. [1]

Literature-reported observations and conditions; not Adooq-tested protocols or general treatment recommendations.

Target & Activity

Target Activity Value
PKCβ (Cell-free assay) 6 nM
PKCα (Cell-free assay) 39 nM
PKCγ (Cell-free assay) 83 nM
PKCε (Cell-free assay) 110 nM

In Vitro Studies

In an eleven-line uveal melanoma panel, 72-hour enzastaurin exposure reduced MTS viability more strongly in GNAQ-mutant lines. Reported IC50 values were 2–4 µM in mutant lines and 8 µM or greater in wild-type lines. The panel was non-isogenic, and some lines shared patient origin; the genotype association should therefore be interpreted within this model set. [1]

GNAQ-associated differences in uveal melanoma cell viability

Cell-based study · Eleven author-designated uveal melanoma cell lines: three GNAQ codon-209 mutant and eight wild-type lines. [1]

After 72 hours, mutant lines were more sensitive in the MTS assay. The authors reported IC50 values of 2–4 µM in mutant lines versus 8 µM or greater in wild-type lines. This non-isogenic panel supports an association with genotype, rather than proving genotype alone determines response. Some panel lines share patient origin.

Measured endpoints — not treatment concentrations
EndpointReported resultReference
MTS viability in GNAQ-mutant versus wild-type cell linesIC50 Mutant: 2–4 µM; wild type: 8 µM or greater[1]

Literature-Reported Treatment Conditions

Treatment concentration
Concentration series spanning 0–10 µM, as shown in Figure 1B.
Exposure duration
72 hours
Method
MTS cell viability assay; standard culture medium contained 10% FBS.
Reported limits
Carrier identity/concentration for the Figure 1 single-agent series is not explicitly specified; salt form and lot are not specified.
Methods and source locations

Compound reported in the paper: Enzastaurin (LY317615); Compound label in the paper: ENZ

Published experiments used Lilly-provided enzastaurin with unspecified salt form; results do not validate an Adooq lot.

Results, first subsection; Figure 1A–B; Methods, Cell Lines, Cell viability assay and Statistical Methods

MTS viability in GNAQ-mutant versus wild-type cell lines: MTS; Figure 1 reports mean ± SD of percent viability from three independent experiments; 0 µM reference condition. — Results, first subsection; Figure 1A–B and caption; Methods, Cell viability assay

Cell-dependent ERK and AKT phosphorylation responses

Cell-based study · C918, Ocm1, Mel285 (GNAQ wild type); Mel202, 92.1, Omm1.3 (GNAQ mutant). [1]

After 72 hours, enzastaurin reduced ERK1/2 phosphorylation in the three mutant lines and in Mel285. AKT Ser473 phosphorylation was reported to be affected only in Mel285. Total ERK1/2 and AKT were not significantly affected. These cellular associations do not establish direct inhibition of ERK or AKT.

Measured endpoints — not treatment concentrations
EndpointReported resultReference
Phosphorylated ERK1/2 relative to total protein controlsQualitative immunoblot response Reduced in Mel202, 92.1, Omm1.3 and Mel285; no comparable suppression reported in C918 or Ocm1.[1]
AKT Ser473 phosphorylation and total AKTQualitative immunoblot response AKT phosphorylation affected only in Mel285; total AKT and ERK1/2 not significantly affected in the tested lines (authors’ description).[1]

Literature-Reported Treatment Conditions

Treatment concentration
0, 5 and 10 µM
Exposure duration
72 hours
Method
Immunoblot analysis in standard culture conditions (10% FBS); total ERK1/2, total AKT and actin controls.
Reported limits
Carrier details and solid form are not specified for this experiment. Exact effect sizes and statistical quantification of bands are not supplied.
Methods and source locations

Compound reported in the paper: Enzastaurin (LY317615); Compound label in the paper: ENZ

Published experiments used Lilly-provided enzastaurin with unspecified salt form; results do not validate an Adooq lot.

Figure 6; corresponding Results and Discussion; Methods, Cell Lines and Immunoblot analysis

Phosphorylated ERK1/2 relative to total protein controls: Immunoblot; published images representative of two or more experiments, per shared Methods. — Figure 6 image/caption; Results, Enzastaurin decreases Erk1/2 phosphorylation; Methods, Immunoblot analysis

AKT Ser473 phosphorylation and total AKT: Immunoblot with actin and total-protein controls; no densitometric effect sizes inferred. — Figure 6 image/caption; corresponding Results paragraph

In Vivo Studies

In 12-month-old male Fischer-344 rats, enzastaurin at 25 mg/kg subcutaneously once daily for three days was associated with poorer day-3 maze performance and first-trial day-3 retention performance than PEG vehicle. The overall treatment effect and treatment-by-day interaction were null, and final probe-trial localization was preserved. The day-3 analysis was post hoc; persistence and reversibility were not established. [2]

Acute enzastaurin exposure and spatial memory performance

Animal study · 12-month-old male Fischer-344 rats; random assignment: enzastaurin n = 8, PEG vehicle n = 10. [2]

Enzastaurin produced a modest, testing-day-dependent impairment. Overall treatment and treatment-by-day tests were null, whereas day-3 post hoc and first-trial comparisons favored vehicle. Probe localization was preserved. This three-day, single-dose experiment does not establish persistent cognitive toxicity or effects in females.

Measured endpoints — not treatment concentrations
EndpointReported resultReference
Swim distance across all testing days/trialsRepeated-measures ANOVA Treatment main effect p > 0.10; treatment × day interaction null (exact p not stated).[2]
Mean swim distance on day 3Post hoc ANOVA F(1,16) = 4.54; p < 0.05; greater swim distance with enzastaurin.[2]
First trial on day 3 (second overnight retention trial)Between-group comparison F(1,16) = 5.13; p < 0.05; poorer performance with enzastaurin.[2]
Final probe-trial target-quadrant localizationProbe-trial ANOVA No treatment main effect or treatment × quadrant interaction; no group difference in platform-location crossings. Quadrant main effect: F(1,16) = 109.81; p < 0.0001.[2]

Conditions shared by the study groups

Route
Subcutaneous injection
Frequency
Daily
Treatment course
Three days concurrent with behavioral testing; maze testing 30–45 minutes after injection.
Vehicle
Polyethylene glycol (PEG); vehicle control was 100% PEG.
Study groups and reported outcomes
Group / doseComparatorObserved resultReference
Enzastaurin versus PEG vehicle
25 mg/kg; 0.4 mL injection volume
Daily PEG vehicle injections, n = 10.Day-3 performance was poorer in the enzastaurin group in a post hoc comparison; first-trial day-3 performance was also poorer. Overall treatment main effect and treatment-by-day interaction were null; final probe-trial localization was preserved.[2]
Enzastaurin versus PEG vehicle
Model: 12-month-old male Fischer-344 rats; enzastaurin n = 8, vehicle n = 10; random allocation.
Reported limits: Counterion, catalog number and lot were not specified. One dose and male rats only; long-term effects and reversibility were not tested.
Methods and source locations

Compound reported in the paper: Enzastaurin (LY317615); Compound label in the paper: ENZ

Published research used Selleck-supplied enzastaurin, with unspecified salt form; nominal administered doses are reproduced without salt conversion.

Methods, Subjects, Treatments and Apparatus; Results, Morris Maze; Figures 1–3 and captions; Discussion, acute exposure, sex and dose limitations

Swim distance across all testing days/trials: Repeated-measures ANOVA; Figures 1–2 display swim-distance data; Results describes mean ± SE. — Results, Morris Maze first paragraph; Methods, Apparatus; Figure 1

Mean swim distance on day 3: Post hoc comparison on the last testing day; no exact distance extracted from the graph. — Results, Morris Maze first paragraph; Figure 1

First trial on day 3 (second overnight retention trial): Between-group first-trial comparison; distinct from the separately reported within-group one-tailed analysis. — Results, Morris Maze first paragraph; Figure 2, right panel

Final probe-trial target-quadrant localization: Percent total swim distance in target NE versus opposite SW quadrant; platform removed. — Results, Morris Maze second paragraph; Figure 3; Methods, Apparatus

Enzastaurin versus PEG vehicle · Methods, Subjects, Treatments and Apparatus; Results, Morris Maze; Figures 1–3 and captions; Discussion, acute exposure, sex and dose limitations

Specifications

Manufacturer Adooq Bioscience
Actions Inhibitor
CAS Number 170364-57-5
Applications PKCβ inhibitor
Formula C32H29N5O2
Molecular Weight 515.6
Synonyms LY317615
SMILES
CN1C=C(C2=CC=CC=C21)C3=C(C(=O)NC3=O)C4=CN(C5=CC=CC=C54)C6CCN(CC6)CC7=CC=CC=N7

Storage & Solubility

In Vitro Solubility

Reported Solubility

SolventReported Solubility
DMSO 29 mg/mL (56.24 mM)
Water Insoluble
Ethanol Insoluble

Preparing Stock Solutions

Stock preparation is unavailable for this product molecular weight.

Calculated stock concentrations do not establish solvent solubility. Refer to the reported solubility data for experimental guidance.

In Vivo Preparation

Concentration
28 mg/mL
Vehicle
15% Captisol

Storage

Store powder at -20°C, keep desiccated.
In powder form, the chemical is stable for 36 months.
In solution, store at -20°C and use within 1 month to prevent loss of potency. Aliquot to avoid multiple freeze/thaw cycles.

Research References

  1. [1] Wu X, Zhu M, Fletcher JA, et al. The protein kinase C inhibitor enzastaurin exhibits antitumor activity against uveal melanoma. PloS one (2012). PMID: 22253748 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0029622 Source material
  2. [2] Willeman MN, Mennenga SE, Siniard AL, et al. The PKC-β selective inhibitor, Enzastaurin, impairs memory in middle-aged rats. PloS one (2018). PMID: 29870545 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0198256 Source material

Publications

1 publication citing this product

  1. Bopei Cui, .et al. , Signal Transduct Target Ther, 2023, Sep 25;8(1):366 PMID: 37743418

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