Moroxydine

Moroxydine is a broad-spectrum antiviral agent targeting both DNA and RNA viruses, including influenza, herpes simplex, varicella zoster, and hepatitis C. It demonstrates significant antiviral efficacy while exhibiting low cytotoxicity, particularly against dsRNA viruses such as grass carp reovirus and large DNA viruses like giant salamander iridovirus. Moroxydine effectively inhibits cytopathic effects induced by GCRV and prevents the formation of nucleocapsids in renal cells, maintaining their normal morphology. Additionally, it significantly reduces apoptosis and modulates apoptosis-related proteins, including down-regulation of Bcl-2 and inhibition of caspase 3 activity.