Autophagy Signaling

Flubendazole is an anthelmintic used for protection against internal parasites and worms in dogs and cats.

Tomatidine hydrochloride acts as an anti-inflammatory agent by blocking NF-κB and JNK signaling. Tomatidine hydrochloride activates autophagy either in mammal cells or C elegans.

Hemin is an iron-containing porphyrin. Hemin is an Heme oxygenase (HO)-1 inducer.

SMER18 is a small molecule enhancer of rapamycin which act as a mTOR-independent autophagy inducer.

STF-62247 is a small molecule agonist that induces autophagy and selectively causes lethality in renal cell carcinoma (RCC) cells that have lost the von Hippel-Lindau (VHL) tumor suppressor activity (IC50 = 625 nM).