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Cyclooxygenase (COX) inhibitors block the first committed step in prostaglandin synthesis from arachidonic acid. COX-1 is expressed in most tissues, whereas COX-2 is induced by cytokines and growth factors during inflammation. In 1971, inhibition of prostaglandin synthesis was proposed as the mechanism of action of aspirin-like drugs. Crystal structures of COX-2 with bound inhibitors, reported in 1996, explained the structural basis of COX-2 selectivity. Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) in this category include indomethacin, ibuprofen and etodolac, which differ in their preference for the two isoforms. Licofelone inhibits both COX and 5-lipoxygenase (5-LOX), two branches of arachidonic acid metabolism. Acetaminophen, also known as paracetamol, is listed for research on prostaglandin signaling, pain and fever.
PPHP is a substrate designed for the quantitative assessment of cyclooxygenase (COX) enzymes. It specifically permits the measurement of peroxidase activity in both COX-1 and COX-2. This compound is valuable for research applications focused on inflammation, pain pathways, and the biochemical characterization of COX-related functions.
