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Fig. 1 · Structure
Cat. No.
A10764
CAS No.
382180-17-8
Formula
C13H19N3O3
Mol. Weight
265.3

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Pyroxamide (NSC 696085)

Cat. No. A10764 CAS 382180-17-8

HDAC Inhibitor

Pyroxamide (NSC 696085) is a potent inhibitor of affinity-purified HDAC1 and causes the accumulation of acetylated core histones in MEL cells cultured with the agent.

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Biological Activity

Target & Activity

Target Activity Value
HDAC1 ID50 100 nM

Cellular Effect

Cell Line Activity Value Description Reference
HCT-116 IC50 6.5 μM Concentration required to inhibit the HCT116 cell growth by 50%. [PMID: 11831887]

In Vitro Studies

In BV2 cells, Pyroxamide produced significant dose-dependent upregulation of SIRT3 protein levels across the 20–1000 nM range. Pyroxamide at 1000 nM also decreased HDAC1 and SIRT1 protein levels in BV2 cells. In cultured Tan sheep COCs co-cultured with granulosa cells, FSH plus 2.5 μM Pyroxamide yielded a maturation rate of 29.25%, with no significant difference from the FSH control group. [1,2]

Literature-reported observations and conditions; not Adooq-tested protocols or general treatment recommendations.

Pyroxamide Increases SIRT3 Protein Levels in BV2 Cells

Cell-based study · BV2 cells [1]

Model: BV2 cells. Treatment: 20–1000 nM. Result: SIRT3 exhibited a significant dose‐dependent upregulation across the 20–1000 nM range.

Measured endpoints — not treatment concentrations
EndpointReported resultReference
SIRT3 protein levelsReported result SIRT3 exhibited a significant dose‐dependent upregulation across the 20–1000 nM range[1]

Literature-Reported Treatment Conditions

Treatment concentration
20–1000 nM
Vehicle
DMSO
Reported limits
Not stated in the sentences used: route, schedule.
Methods and source locations

Compound reported in the paper: Pyroxamide

Literature evidence for the named compound in the stated model; no Adooq product-use or lot-performance claim.

MATERIALS AND METHODS > Cell treatment and MTT assay (S57); RESULTS > Pyroxamide targets the SIRT1/HDAC1 axis to mitigate α‐syn‐induced neuroinflammation and apoptotic signaling in microglial and nasal epithelial cells (S121, S122); FIGURE 6 legend (S158, S161)

SIRT3 protein levels: SIRT3 protein levels; comparator: control group — RESULTS > Pyroxamide targets the SIRT1/HDAC1 axis to mitigate α‐syn‐induced neuroinflammation and apoptotic signaling in microglial and nasal epithelial cells (S122); FIGURE 6 legend (S158)

Pyroxamide with FSH in cultured Tan sheep COCs

Cell-based study · in vitro-cultured model of COCs of Tan sheep [2]

Tan sheep COCs were cultured with granulosa cells and treated with FSH plus 2.5 μM Pyroxamide. The combination group had a maturation rate of 29.25%, with no significant difference relative to the FSH negative-control group.

Measured endpoints — not treatment concentrations
EndpointReported resultReference
maturation rate of the cultured COCs was calculated by quantifying the extrusion of the first polar bodyoocyte maturation rate 29.25%[2]

Literature-Reported Treatment Conditions

Treatment concentration
2.5 μM
Exposure duration
24 h of incubation
Method
co-cultured with granulosa cells
Co-treatment
Other interventions in this design: FSH 2.5 IU; granulosa cells. Compound effect isolated by the comparison: negative-control group (FSH).
Reported limits
Not stated in the sentences used: vehicle.
Methods and source locations

Compound reported in the paper: Pyroxamide

Literature evidence for the named compound in the stated model; no Adooq product-use or lot-performance claim.

2. Materials and Methods > 2.2. Methods > 2.2.5. Oocyte Collection and Culture (S23, S25, S26); 3. Results > 3.4. HDAC1 Was Indispensable for Cumulus Cell Expansion and Oocyte Maturation for the Tan Sheep In Vitro (S88, S89, S90); Figure 4 legend (S117)

maturation rate of the cultured COCs was calculated by quantifying the extrusion of the first polar body: maturation rate of the cultured COCs was calculated by quantifying the extrusion of the first polar body; comparator: basal medium + 2.5 IU of FSH — 3. Results > 3.4. HDAC1 Was Indispensable for Cumulus Cell Expansion and Oocyte Maturation for the Tan Sheep In Vitro (S88, S89, S90)

Pyroxamide decreases HDAC1 and SIRT1 protein levels in BV2 cells

Cell-based study · BV2 cells [1]

BV2 cells were treated with Pyroxamide at 1000 nM. HDAC1 and SIRT1 protein levels decreased.

Measured endpoints — not treatment concentrations
EndpointReported resultReference
HDAC1Reported result HDAC1 and SIRT1 protein levels decreased at a 1000 nM concentration[1]

Literature-Reported Treatment Conditions

Treatment concentration
1000 nM
Vehicle
DMSO
Reported limits
Not stated in the sentences used: route, schedule.
Methods and source locations

Compound reported in the paper: Pyroxamide

Literature evidence for the named compound in the stated model; no Adooq product-use or lot-performance claim.

MATERIALS AND METHODS > Cell treatment and MTT assay (S57); RESULTS > Pyroxamide targets the SIRT1/HDAC1 axis to mitigate α‐syn‐induced neuroinflammation and apoptotic signaling in microglial and nasal epithelial cells (S121, S122); FIGURE 6 legend (S158, S161)

HDAC1: HDAC1; comparator: control group — RESULTS > Pyroxamide targets the SIRT1/HDAC1 axis to mitigate α‐syn‐induced neuroinflammation and apoptotic signaling in microglial and nasal epithelial cells (S122); FIGURE 6 legend (S158)

In Vivo Studies

Male CUMS mice received Pyroxamide through an implanted cannula into the bilateral hippocampus. Pyroxamide administration increased Claudin–5 expression in the comparison with vehicle. [3]

Pyroxamide Increases Claudin–5 Expression in CUMS Mice

Animal study · male C57BL/6 mice; CUMS mice [3]

In male CUMS mice, Pyroxamide was infused into the bilateral hippocampus through an implanted cannula. Pyroxamide administration increased Claudin–5 expression in the comparison with vehicle.

Measured endpoints — not treatment concentrations
EndpointReported resultReference
Claudin–5/β–actinReported result 0.5 μl of pyroxamide (20 μM) per side; for 14 consecutive days following the 6–week CUMS procedure: The administration of pyroxamide increased Claudin–5 expression; Claudin–5/β–actin: F(2,6) = 28.86, p = 0.0008[3]

Conditions shared by the study groups

Route
directly infused into the bilateral hippocampus through an implanted cannula
Treatment course
for 14 consecutive days following the 6–week CUMS procedure
Study groups and reported outcomes
Group / doseComparatorObserved resultReference
Pyroxamide 0.5 μl of pyroxamide (20 μM) per sidevehicle0.5 μl of pyroxamide (20 μM) per side; for 14 consecutive days following the 6–week CUMS procedure: The administration of pyroxamide increased Claudin–5 expression; Claudin–5/β–actin: F(2,6) = 28.86, p = 0.0008[3]
Pyroxamide 0.5 μl of pyroxamide (20 μM) per side
Model: male C57BL/6 mice; CUMS mice
Reported limits: Not stated in the sentences used: vehicle.
Methods and source locations

Compound reported in the paper: Pyroxamide

Literature evidence for the named compound in the stated model; no Adooq product-use or lot-performance claim.

Materials and methods > Mice (S1); Materials and methods > Pharmacological treatment with pyroxamide (S43, S45); Results > Rutin promotes H3K27ac recruitment at the Cldn5 promoter to restore its expression in CUMS mice (S183, S184)

Claudin–5/β–actin: Claudin–5/β–actin; comparator: vehicle — Materials and methods > Pharmacological treatment with pyroxamide (S45); Results > Rutin promotes H3K27ac recruitment at the Cldn5 promoter to restore its expression in CUMS mice (S183, S184)

Pyroxamide 0.5 μl of pyroxamide (20 μM) per side · Materials and methods > Pharmacological treatment with pyroxamide (S45); Results > Rutin promotes H3K27ac recruitment at the Cldn5 promoter to restore its expression in CUMS mice (S183, S184)

Specifications

Manufacturer Adooq Bioscience
Actions Inhibitor
CAS Number 382180-17-8
Applications HDAC Inhibitor
Formula C13H19N3O3
Molecular Weight 265.3
Synonyms NSC-696085
SMILES
C1=CC(=CN=C1)NC(=O)CCCCCCC(=O)NO

Storage & Solubility

In Vitro Solubility

Reported Solubility

No reported solubility data are available for this product.

Preparing Stock Solutions

Stock preparation is unavailable for this product molecular weight.

Calculated stock concentrations do not establish solvent solubility. Refer to the reported solubility data for experimental guidance.

Storage

Store powder at -20°C, keep desiccated.
In powder form, the chemical is stable for 36 months.
In solution, store at -20°C and use within 1 month to prevent loss of potency. Aliquot to avoid multiple freeze/thaw cycles.

Research References

  1. [1] Cartas-Cejudo P, De Miguel M, Extramiana L, et al. Olfactory proteomics reveals the capacity of the HDAC1 inhibitor pyroxamide to halt the α-synuclein preformed fibrils-induced damage in nasal epithelial, microglial and dopaminergic neuronal cell lines. Brain Pathol (2026). PMID: 42669843 DOI: 10.1111/bpa.70140 Source material
  2. [2] Xu Y, Fan S, Liu Y, et al. HDAC1 in the Ovarian Granulosa Cells of Tan Sheep Improves Cumulus Cell Expansion and Oocyte Maturation Independently of the EGF-like Growth Factors. Biology (Basel) (2022). PMID: 36290368 DOI: 10.3390/biology11101464 Source material
  3. [3] Sun ZW, Sun ZX, Zhao Y, et al. Rutin ameliorates stress-induced blood‒brain barrier dysfunction and cognitive decline via the endothelial HDAC1‒Claudin-5 axis. Fluids Barriers CNS (2025). PMID: 40176114 DOI: 10.1186/s12987-025-00639-8 Source material

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