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Dehydrogenase inhibitors act on oxidoreductases in energy, nucleotide, steroid and aldehyde metabolism. Many of these enzymes transfer electrons from their substrates to nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD+) or its phosphate. Devimistat, a lipoate analog reported in 2011, disrupts the mitochondrial pyruvate dehydrogenase and α-ketoglutarate dehydrogenase complexes. Disulfiram inhibits aldehyde dehydrogenase (ALDH), and leflunomide blocks dihydroorotate dehydrogenase in pyrimidine synthesis. Mycophenolate mofetil is a prodrug whose active acid inhibits inosine monophosphate dehydrogenase (IMPDH) and limits guanine nucleotide synthesis. Ammonium glycyrrhizinate is listed for the 11β-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenases that interconvert cortisol and cortisone. Mutant isocitrate dehydrogenase inhibitors have their own category, Isocitrate Dehydrogenase (IDH).
Synonyms: NBT
Nitro blue tetrazolium chloride (NBT) is a substrate for dehydrogenases; is used with the alkaline phosphatase substrate 5-Bromo-4-Chloro-3-Indolyl Phosphate (BCIP) in western blotting and immunohistological staining procedures.
