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STING agonists and inhibitors act on an adaptor protein of the cytosolic DNA sensing pathway. Stimulator of interferon genes (STING) was described in 2008 as an endoplasmic reticulum adaptor needed for innate immune signaling and type I interferon induction. STING binds cyclic dinucleotides directly, both bacterial molecules such as cyclic di-GMP and the mammalian second messenger made by cyclic GMP-AMP synthase (cGAS) once it detects cytosolic DNA. Agonists listed here include 2',3'-cGAMP, Cyclic-di-GMP, ADU-S100 disodium salt (MIW815 disodium salt) and numbered compounds such as STING agonist-1. Inhibitors include H-151 and the mouse-directed C-176 and C-178, which belong to a class of covalent compounds that modify a cysteine of the transmembrane region.
STING agonist-4 is an stimulator of Interferon Genes (STING) receptor agonist with an apparent inhibitory constant (IC50) of 20 nM.
Synonyms: c-[2??FdAMP(S)-2??FdIMP(S)]
CL656 is an activator of stimulator of interferon genes (STING).
Synonyms: ML RR-S2 CDA; MIW815
ADU-S100 (ML RR-S2 CDA; MIW815), an activator of stimulator of interferon genes (STING), leads to potent and systemic tumor regression and immunity.
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diABZI STING agonist-1 is a selective stimulator of interferon genes (STING) receptor agonist, with an EC50s of 130 nM for human PBMCs.
diABZI STING agonist-1 (trihydrochloride) is a selective stimulator of interferon genes (STING) receptor agonist, with an EC50s of 130 for human PBMCs.
Synonyms: ML RR-S2 CDA ammonium salt; MIW815 ammonium salt
ADU-S100 ammonium salt (ML RR-S2 CDA ammonium salt; MIW815 ammonium salt), an activator of stimulator of interferon genes (STING), leads to potent and systemic tumor regression and immunity.
Synonyms: N-Me-SP23
Anti-inflammatory agent 70 (N-Me-SP23) is a PROTAC-based degrader targeting the STING (stimulator of interferon genes) protein, a key regulator of innate immune and inflammatory responses. By promoting STING degradation, N-Me-SP23 effectively inhibits the STING signaling pathway, leading to reduced downstream inflammatory cytokine production. This compound exhibits notable anti-inflammatory activity and holds potential for therapeutic research in STING-associated autoimmune and inflammatory disorders.
PROTAC STING Degrader-1 is a PROTAC degrader designed to target the STING (Stimulator of Interferon Genes) pathway, demonstrating a DC50 value of 3.2 μM. It exhibits pronounced anti-inflammatory effects, making it a valuable tool for investigating conditions such as acute kidney injury and inflammatory bowel diseases (IBDs). This compound can facilitate research into STING-mediated signaling and its role in various inflammatory processes.
Synonyms: PDIC-NS
PDIC-NN dimethanesulfonate is a potent STING activator known for its anticancer properties. It enhances the stability and levels of endogenous cyclic dinucleotides (CDNs), triggering a reactive oxygen species (ROS) burst that damages mitochondria, thereby inducing apoptosis and inhibiting DNA replication. By activating the cGAS-STING signaling pathway, PDIC-NN dimethanesulfonate boosts the immunogenicity of tumor cells and stimulates a robust innate immune response, making it a valuable reagent for cancer immunotherapy research.
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Synonyms: PDIC-NS free base
PDIC-NN is a potent STING (Stimulator of Interferon Genes) activator that demonstrates significant anticancer activity. This compound enhances the stability and levels of endogenous cyclic dinucleotides (CDNs), triggering reactive oxygen species (ROS) production and inducing mitochondrial damage. Additionally, PDIC-NN promotes cell apoptosis and inhibits DNA replication while activating the cGAS-STING signaling pathway, thereby augmenting the immunogenicity of tumor cells and eliciting a robust innate immune response. This makes PDIC-NN a valuable tool for studying immune modulation and therapeutic strategies in cancer research.
c-(2'FdAMP-2'FdIMP) is a cyclic dinucleotide (CDN) that functions as a STING activator. It effectively stimulates STING-dependent signaling pathways, including IRF and NF-κB, leading to enhanced immune responses. This compound is valuable for research into STING-based immunotherapy applications, particularly in the context of cancer and infectious disease studies.
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STING agonist-18 diTFA is a potent STING (Stimulator of Interferon Genes) agonist that activates the STING pathway, leading to enhanced immune responses. This compound is useful for the synthesis of antibody-drug conjugates (ADCs), enabling targeted delivery of therapeutics. Its potential applications in cancer immunotherapy and other immune-mediated therapies make it a valuable reagent for research in drug development and immunological studies.
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STING agonist-49 is a powerful stimulator of the STING (Stimulator of Interferon Genes) pathway, engaging the immune response through Type I interferon production. This compound demonstrates potent biological activity in modulating immune responses, making it a valuable tool in lung cancer research. STING agonist-49 can also serve as an effective payload in antibody-drug conjugates (ADCs), enhancing targeted therapeutic approaches in various malignancies.
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2',3'-cGAMP-C2-PPA is a cyclic dinucleotide that acts as a STING (Stimulator of Interferon Genes) agonist. It modulates immune responses by stimulating the production of interferons and other cytokines, making it a valuable tool in cancer immunotherapy research. This compound is particularly useful for studying immune responses in tumor microenvironments and exploring therapeutic strategies for cancer treatment.
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diABZI-4 is a potent STING activator that enhances the host immune response through immunostimulatory activity. By promoting STING oligomerization, diABZI-4 activates the TBK1-IRF3 and NF-κB signaling pathways, leading to increased production of type I/III interferons and proinflammatory cytokines. This reagent demonstrates broad-spectrum antiviral efficacy against various viruses, including influenza A, SARS-CoV-2, and herpes simplex virus. diABZI-4 is instrumental in research related to COVID-19, respiratory viral infections, and the associated immunopathological mechanisms, making it a valuable tool for studying viral pathogenesis and developing therapeutic strategies.
2'2'-cGAMP is a synthetic cyclic dinucleotide (CDN) that targets the STING (Stimulator of Interferon Genes) pathway, playing a crucial role in the immune response. It effectively induces the production of interferon-beta (IFN-β), a key cytokine involved in antiviral defense. While 2'2'-cGAMP exhibits a weaker affinity for STING compared to 2'3'-cGAMP, it demonstrates a stronger interaction than other CDNs, making it valuable for research in immunology and therapeutic applications related to immune modulation.
Synonyms: Cyclic GMP-AMP disodium; 3',3'-cGAMP disodium
cGAMP disodium, a potent STING activator, functions as an endogenous second messenger that triggers the production of interferons in response to cytosolic DNA. It initiates the stimulator of interferon genes (STING) pathway, resulting in an immune response marked by the production of type I interferons and various immune mediators. This compound is widely used in research focused on innate immunity, cancer immunotherapy, and understanding viral infections.
NVS-STG2 is a molecular glue that targets the STING receptor by binding to the interstitial regions of adjacent STING dimers, thereby enhancing STING signaling. This compound promotes the activity of cGAMP, leading to the formation of larger and more stable oligomers, which amplifies the immune response. NVS-STG2 has demonstrated significant antitumor effects in preclinical animal models, making it a valuable tool for cancer immunotherapy research.
diABZI-C2-NH2 is a potent STING (Stimulator of Interferon Genes) agonist that features a primary amine group. This compound activates the STING pathway, leading to enhanced type I interferon production and immune response modulation. diABZI-C2-NH2 is valuable for research applications focused on immunotherapy, autoimmunity, and infectious disease, making it a key tool in studying the role of STING in immune signaling.
SB24011 is a selective STING modulator that inhibits the TRIM29-STING protein-protein interaction. By binding to STING, it effectively prevents TRIM29-induced K48-linked ubiquitination, leading to an increase in intracellular STING protein levels. This compound promotes the expression of inflammatory cytokines and enhances STING-mediated immune responses, demonstrating abscopal antitumor activity that stimulates tumor regression and T cell infiltration. SB24011 is particularly relevant for research on colon cancer and melanoma, showing potential synergy when used in conjunction with STING agonists or anti-PD1 antibodies.
STING agonist-16 is a specific stimulator of interferon genes (STING) that activates the intrinsic immune response. This compound exhibits significant antiviral and antitumor activities by promoting the production of type I interferons and enhancing immune cell activation. STING agonist-16 is valuable for research applications focused on cancer immunotherapy and viral infections.
PROTAC STING degrader-3 is a potent STING PROTAC degrader that operates through the ubiquitin-proteasome pathway, exhibiting a DC50 of 0.62 μM. This compound facilitates STING degradation, resulting in the inhibition of STING/TBK1/NF-κB signaling, thereby exerting notable anti-inflammatory effects. Additionally, PROTAC STING degrader-3 demonstrates renal protective properties and serves as a valuable tool for investigating acute kidney injury (AKI).
Synonyms: MK-1454
Ulevostinag is a potent STING (stimulator of interferon genes) agonist that activates the immune response through the modulation of cyclic dinucleotide pathways. By stimulating STING, Ulevostinag enhances the production of type I interferons, which play a crucial role in the anti-tumor immune response. This compound is primarily utilized in research focused on immuno-oncology, particularly in the exploration of new therapeutic strategies for cancer treatment.
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STING agonist-15 is a potent stimulator of the STING (Stimulator of Interferon Genes) pathway, which plays a crucial role in immune surveillance and response to tumors. This compound enhances the production of type I interferons and other cytokines, promoting anti-tumor immunity and modulating inflammatory responses. It is particularly valuable for cancer research and studying immune-related therapeutic approaches.
IACS-8779 is a potent stimulator of interferon genes (STING) agonist, which activates the STING pathway to enhance immune responses. This compound demonstrates significant systemic antitumor efficacy, making it a valuable tool in cancer research and immunotherapy applications. Its ability to stimulate innate immune responses positions it as a promising candidate for further exploration in oncological studies.
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