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Gap junction protein tools act on connexin channels that link the cytoplasm of adjacent cells. A gap junction channel forms when two hemichannels, called connexons, dock across the narrow gap between adjacent plasma membranes. Each connexon is a ring of six connexin subunits, and the pore passes ions and small metabolites. Gap junctions couple cardiac myocytes, neurons, astrocytes and many epithelial cells. Gap 26 and Gap 27 are peptides matching extracellular loop sequences of connexin 43 (Cx43) that block channels and hemichannels. Rotigaptide and its dipeptide analog GAP-134 increase Cx43-mediated coupling, and tonabersat is a gap junction modulator. 10Panx is a mimetic peptide inhibitor of pannexin 1, a related large-pore channel.
Synonyms: SB-220453
Tonabersat is a novel benzopyran derivative that blocks the cortical spreading depression proposed to be associated with migraine attacks.
Synonyms: ZP123
Rotigaptide (ZP123) is a novel and specific modulator of connexin 43 (Cx43) that prevents the uncoupling of Cx43-mediated gap junction communication and restores intercellular connectivity under acute metabolic stress. As a potent and stable antiarrhythmic peptide (AAP), Rotigaptide shows strong potential for the investigation of cardiac arrhythmias, particularly atrial fibrillation.
Zifogaptide is a modulator of gap junction protein channels, primarily targeting connexins. This compound has demonstrated the ability to influence intercellular communication, thereby affecting cellular signaling pathways. Zifogaptide is valuable for research applications focused on studying the role of gap junctions in various physiological and pathological processes, including tissue homeostasis and disease states.
