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Glycerolipids are acylglycerols, in which one, two or three fatty acids are esterified to a glycerol backbone. Monoacylglycerols, diacylglycerols and triacylglycerols differ in the number of acyl chains and in the positions they occupy. Monoolein, a monoacylglycerol, forms cubic and other liquid crystalline phases in water and is used in membrane protein studies. Diacylglycerols include positional isomers such as 1,3-Dipalmitin and stereospecific species such as 1,2-Distearoyl-sn-glycerol. The sn-1,2-diacylglycerols act as second messengers that activate protein kinase C. Defined species such as 18:0-22:6 DG, a stearoyl and docosahexaenoyl diacylglycerol (DG), serve as lipidomics standards. Triacylglycerols, the main storage lipids of animals and plants, are represented by mixed-acid species.
1-Linoleoyl-2-oleoyl-rac-glycerol is a diglyceride composed of oleic acid and linoleic acid. This compound serves as an important lipid mediator and is involved in various cellular signaling pathways. It is widely used in research to explore lipid metabolism, membrane dynamics, and the role of fatty acids in biological processes.
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Synonyms: 1,2,3-Trimyristoleoyl glycerol
Trimyristolein is a triacylglycerol that primarily targets lipid metabolism. Comprising three myristoleic acid moieties, this compound serves as a valuable substrate for studying lipid trafficking and storage in biological systems. It is utilized in research related to energy metabolism, obesity, and related metabolic disorders.
1-Palmitoyl-3-butyryl-rac-glycerol is a diacylglycerol derivative formed from palmitic acid and butyric acid. This compound serves as an important substrate in studies of lipid metabolism and signaling pathways. Its unique structure allows for exploration of its role in cellular processes and potential implications in metabolic disorders and cancer research.
Synonyms: 1,2-Palmitin-3-Linoelaidin
12-Dipalmitoyl-3-Linoelaidoyl-rac-glycerol targets triacylglycerol metabolism and is composed of palmitic acid at the sn-1 and sn-2 positions, with linoelaidic acid at the sn-3 position. Palmitic acid is a prevalent long-chain saturated fatty acid that regulates glucose-associated proteins in mouse granulosa cells, while linoelaidic acid serves as an essential omega-6 trans fatty acid crucial for energy and nutrition. This compound is valuable for research applications related to heart disease and metabolic studies, as well as in the formulation of enteral and parenteral nutrition products.
1,2-Dipalmitoleoyl-3-11(Z)-octadecenoyl-rac-glycerol is a triacylglycerol characterized by the presence of palmitoleic acid and cis-vaccenic acid. This compound is of significant interest in biochemical research for its role in studying lipid metabolism and fatty acid synthesis. It serves as a valuable reagent for exploring the effects of specific fatty acyl groups on cellular functions and signaling pathways.
Synonyms: 1,2-Palmitin-3-caprylin
1,2-Dipalmitoyl-3-Octanoyl-rac-glycerol is a triacylglycerol composed of palmitic acid at the sn-1 and sn-2 positions, and octanoic acid at the sn-3 position. Palmitic acid is a saturated fatty acid that plays a significant role in cellular processes, including the upregulation of glucose-regulated protein 78 (GRP78) and CCAAT/enhancer binding protein homologous protein (CHOP) in mouse granulosa cells. Octanoic acid serves various functions in research, including its application as a tremor-suppressing agent and its utility in the production of esters for perfumery and dye manufacturing.
Synonyms: 1,2-Palmitin-3-Arachidonin
1,2-Dipalmitoyl-3-Arachidonoyl-rac-glycerol is a triacylglycerol that comprises palmitic acid and arachidonic acid. This compound plays a crucial role in lipid metabolism and is used to study the dynamics of membrane lipid composition. It serves as a valuable reagent in research investigating inflammatory pathways and metabolic disorders, allowing for insights into cellular signaling mechanisms influenced by fatty acid composition.
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1,3-Di-9(E)-palmitoleoyl glycerol is a diacylglycerol that specifically targets signaling pathways associated with lipid metabolism. This compound exhibits significant biological activity in modulating various cellular processes related to triglyceride synthesis and metabolism. It serves as a valuable reagent for research applications focused on lipid biology and metabolic disorders.
C16/C11-TF/C12-DNP TG is a glycerolipid that serves as a model compound for studying lipid metabolism and transport. This reagent is primarily used in biochemical research to investigate the roles of triglycerides in cellular processes and energy homeostasis. Its unique structure enables detailed insights into lipid signaling and composition, making it valuable for studies related to obesity, diabetes, and metabolic disorders.
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Triheneicosanoin is a triacylglycerol that features heneicosanoic acid groups. It serves as an internal standard for the quantification of fatty acids in various biological samples, particularly milk. This reagent is essential for accurate analytical assessments in lipid research and fatty acid profiling studies. Its use facilitates reliable data interpretation in nutritional and biochemical investigations.
1-Palmitoyl-3-O-benzyl-rac-glycerol is a diacylglycerol compound that serves as a valuable tool for studying lipid signaling pathways. It acts as a potent activator of protein kinase C (PKC), thereby influencing various cellular processes such as growth, differentiation, and apoptosis. This compound is commonly used in research applications related to cellular signaling, lipid metabolism, and the role of diacylglycerols in cell biology.
Synonyms: 1,3-Ditetracosanoin
13-Dilignoceroyl glycerol is a diacylglycerol that features lignoceric acid at the sn-1 and sn-3 positions. This compound is significant due to the role of lignoceric acid, a 24-carbon saturated fatty acid, in brain development and its association with certain metabolic disorders. Research applications include studies related to Zellweger cerebro-hepato-renal syndrome and adrenoleukodystrophy, making it a valuable reagent for understanding lipid metabolism and neurological conditions.
1,2-Distearoyl-3-decanoyl-rac-glycerol is a triacylglycerol positioned for research on lipid metabolism and storage. This compound incorporates two stearic acid moieties and one decanoic acid moiety, making it relevant for studies on fatty acid signaling and energy homeostasis. Its unique structure enables exploration in lipid-based formulations, drug delivery systems, and understanding the dynamics of fatty acid interactions within cellular environments.
1-Palmitoyl-2-linoleoyl-rac-glycerol is a diacylglycerol compound that consists of palmitic acid and linoleic acid moieties. It serves as an important intermediate in lipid metabolism and plays a role in cellular signaling pathways. This reagent is particularly useful in research applications focused on membrane biophysics, signal transduction, and the study of metabolic disorders involving lipid accumulation and turnover.
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1,2-Isopropylidene-3-oleoyl-sn-glycerol is a fatty acid derivative that primarily targets lipid metabolism. It is valuable for studying glycerolipid biosynthesis and investigating the roles of lipids in cellular processes. This compound can serve as a useful tool in research applications focused on membrane dynamics and energy storage in biological systems.
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Synonyms: Glycerol triheptadecanoate; Trimargarin
Triheptadecanoin is a triacylglycerol composed of heptadecanoic acid at the sn-1, sn-2, and sn-3 positions. This compound serves as a key substrate for studying lipid metabolism and the biological roles of triacylglycerols. Its unique structure allows for applications in research related to energy storage, signaling pathways, and the synthesis of complex lipids.
16:0 DG Galloyl is a lipid known for its adhesive properties, specifically functioning as a diacylglycerol derivative. This compound is utilized in various research applications related to lipid biochemistry and cellular signaling pathways. Its unique structure allows for enhanced interactions with cellular membranes, providing insights into lipid-mediated processes and potential drug development avenues.
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Synonyms: DG(22:6/0:0/22:6); 1,3-Didocosahexaenoin
1,3-Didocosahexaenoyl glycerol primarily targets diacylglycerol and is known for its cardioprotective properties. This ω-3 polyunsaturated fatty acid demonstrates protective effects in rat models of myocardial ischemia/reperfusion injury, particularly when conjugated with poly-l-glutamic acid (PGA). Its unique structure and biological activity make it a valuable tool for research in cardiovascular protection and lipid metabolism.
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1,2-Linolenin-3-palmitin is a triglyceride molecule recognized for its stability in vivo and under in vitro culture conditions. This compound is utilized in studies exploring lipid metabolism and cellular energy storage, making it a valuable tool for research in biochemistry and cell biology. Its unique fatty acid composition may also impact membrane fluidity and signaling pathways, contributing to various biological investigations.
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1,3-Dioctanoyl glycerol is a diacylglycerol derivative featuring octanoic acid at the sn-1 and sn-3 positions. This compound serves as a crucial intermediate in lipid metabolism and plays a significant role in cellular signaling pathways. It is commonly utilized in research related to lipid biochemistry and the study of diacylglycerol's involvement in various physiological processes.
1,2-Dioctanoyl-3-linoleoyl-rac-glycerol is a triacylglycerol characterized by the presence of octanoic acid and linoleic acid. This compound serves as a valuable substrate in biochemical research involving lipid metabolism and cellular energy storage. Its unique structure makes it useful for studies focused on the interplay between fatty acids and cellular signaling pathways.
1,3-Dioleoyl-2-heptadecanoyl glycerol is a diacylglycerol composed of oleic acid and heptadecanoic acid. This compound serves as an important lipid model for studying membrane dynamics and lipid metabolism. Its unique fatty acid composition enables research in cell signaling, bioenergetics, and the role of lipids in cellular processes.
Synonyms: Glycerol dipalmitoleate
Dipalmitolein, a diacylglycerol, is composed of palmitoleic acid. This compound plays a critical role in cellular signaling and lipid metabolism. Its biological activity enables researchers to explore pathways related to energy storage and membrane dynamics, making it valuable for studies in metabolic diseases and cellular physiology.
Synonyms: 1,2,3-Tri-10(Z)-pentadecenoyl glycerol
Tri-10(Z)-pentadecenoin is a triacylglycerol featuring 10(Z)-pentadecenoic acid at all three glycerol positions (sn-1, sn-2, and sn-3). This compound serves as a critical lipid model for studying metabolic pathways related to triglyceride synthesis and degradation. Its unique structure makes it a valuable tool in research focused on lipid biology and biochemistry, particularly in exploring the roles of specific fatty acids in cell signaling and energy storage.
1-Stearoyl-2-linoleoyl-3-oleoyl-rac-glycerol is a triacylglycerol composed of stearic acid, linoleic acid, and oleic acid positioned at the sn-1, sn-2, and sn-3 sites, respectively. This compound is utilized in biochemical research to study lipid metabolism and the role of triglycerides in cellular processes. Its unique composition makes it relevant for investigations into metabolic diseases, adipocyte function, and lipid signaling pathways.
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