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PD-1 / PD-L1 antibodies block the programmed cell death protein 1 (PD-1) checkpoint on T cells or its ligand PD-L1. Binding of PD-L1 on tumor or antigen-presenting cells to PD-1 suppresses T-cell activation, so blocking either partner restores effector function in co-culture and tumor models. Anti-PD-1 antibodies in this group include pembrolizumab, nivolumab, cemiplimab, dostarlimab, tislelizumab and toripalimab. Atezolizumab, durvalumab and avelumab bind PD-L1 instead, and avelumab retains antibody-dependent cell-mediated cytotoxicity (ADCC). The antibodies serve as reference reagents in checkpoint blockade assays, receptor occupancy studies and combination experiments.
Synonyms: AK112
Ivonescimab (AK112) is a bispecific antibody targeting both PD-1 and VEGF, designed for advanced applications in cancer research. This dual-targeting mechanism facilitates the simultaneous inhibition of immune checkpoint pathways and angiogenesis, making it a valuable tool for investigating tumor microenvironment interactions and therapeutic strategies in oncology.
Synonyms: ZKAB001; STI-1014; STI-A1014
Socazolimab (ZKAB001) is a monoclonal antibody targeting PD-L1, demonstrating sustained safety and efficacy profiles in managing recurrent or metastatic cervical cancer. This therapeutic antibody shows promising potential in treating additional oncological indications, including small cell lung cancer, esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC), advanced urothelial carcinoma, and osteosarcoma. Its mechanism involves the inhibition of the PD-1/PD-L1 pathway, a critical axis in tumor immune evasion, thereby enhancing anti-tumor immune responses. Socazolimab is under investigation for its versatility and effectiveness across a broad spectrum of cancer types.
Synonyms: BI-754091
Ezabenlimab (BI-754091) is a monoclonal antibody targeting the programmed death-1 (PD-1) receptor, exhibiting a binding affinity with a dissociation constant (Kd) of 6 nM, as determined in CHO cell assays. This antibody effectively inhibits the interaction between PD-1 and its ligands PD-L1 and PD-L2, thereby enhancing interferon-γ secretion in T cells. The blockade of this pathway by Ezabenlimab has demonstrated the ability to inhibit tumor growth in vivo, highlighting its potential utility in oncological research and therapeutic applications.
Cugrastomig is a chimeric antibody of the IgG1κ-[scFv-heavy -κ]2 class, designed to target both PDCD1 and LAG3. This antibody incorporates both human and humanized components, optimizing it for enhanced specificity and efficacy in therapeutic applications that involve modulation of immune checkpoints.
Synonyms: HLX 10
Serplulimab (HLX10) is a humanized monoclonal antibody that targets the programmed cell death protein 1 (PD-1) receptor. This antibody is designed for use in research focused on small cell lung cancer, providing a valuable tool for investigating the role of the PD-1/PD-L1 pathway in cancer immunology and potential therapeutic interventions.
Synonyms: BMS-936558; ONO-4538; MDX-1106
Nivolumab is a human IgG4 monoclonal antibody that inhibits the programmed death receptor-1 (PD-1) pathway, offering therapeutic benefits in the management of advanced (metastatic) non-small cell lung cancer. This antibody functions by blocking the interaction between PD-1 and its ligands, thereby enhancing the immune response against tumor cells. It is specifically designed for the treatment of patients with advanced stages of this malignancy, where it has shown efficacy in improving patient outcomes.
Synonyms: Genolimzumab; APL-501; CBT-501; GB-226
Geptanolimab (CBT-501) is a humanized IgG4 kappa monoclonal antibody that targets the programmed death-1 (PD-1) receptor. This antibody functions by competitively inhibiting the interaction between PD-1 and its ligands PD-L1 and PD-L2, thereby modulating immune responses. Geptanolimab is primarily utilized in cancer research to investigate the therapeutic potential of PD-1 blockade in oncology.
Synonyms: JTX-4014
Pimivalimab (JTX-4014) functions as an inhibitor of the programmed cell death protein 1 (PD-1), a critical immune checkpoint receptor involved in downregulating immune responses and promoting self-tolerance by suppressing T cell inflammatory activity. This monoclonal antibody is specifically designed for the investigation of solid tumors in a research setting, providing a valuable tool for the study of immune checkpoint pathways and their role in cancer immunotherapy.
Penpulimab is a monoclonal antibody featuring an IgG1 backbone and is designed to target the PD-1 receptor, exhibiting potent antitumor activities. This antibody interferes with the PD-1 pathway, a critical immune checkpoint that inhibits T-cell activity, thus enhancing the immune system's ability to attack tumor cells. Penpulimab is primarily utilized in oncological research to investigate immune response modulation in various cancer models.
Enlonstobart is a human monoclonal antibody of the immunoglobulin G4-kappa subtype, specifically targeting the programmed cell death protein 1 (PD-1). This antibody acts as an immunostimulant and possesses antineoplastic properties, making it suitable for research in cancer immunotherapy and immune response modulation.
Synonyms: EMB-02
Fanastomig is a monoclonal antibody designed to target and inhibit both PDCD1 (Programmed cell death protein 1) and LAG3 (Lymphocyte activation gene-3). This dual-targeting approach enhances its potential for modulating immune responses, making it particularly relevant for research in immune checkpoint regulation and cancer immunotherapy.
Synonyms: SHR-1210
Camrelizumab (SHR-1210) is a high-affinity, humanized IgG4-κ monoclonal antibody that targets the PD-1 receptor. This antibody demonstrates a binding affinity of 3 nM for PD-1 and effectively inhibits the PD-1/PD-L1 interaction with an IC50 of 0.70 nM. As an anti-PD-1/PD-L1 therapeutic agent, Camrelizumab is utilized in the investigation of various cancers, including non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC), esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC), Hodgkin lymphoma, and advanced hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), among others. This specificity and potency make it a valuable tool in oncology research, facilitating the exploration of immune checkpoint pathways and their role in immune evasion by tumors.
Synonyms: HX008
Pucotenlimab (HX008) is a humanized immunoglobulin G4 (IgG4) monoclonal antibody that targets programmed cell death protein 1 (PD-1). This antibody is designed for advanced research applications focusing on the modulation of immune checkpoints in oncological studies. Pucotenlimab facilitates the study of PD-1's role in tumor immune evasion and therapy response, providing a crucial tool for cancer research and potential therapeutic strategy development.
Sabestomig is a monoclonal antibody targeting PDCD1 (Programmed Cell Death Protein 1) and HAVCR2 (Hepatitis A Virus Cellular Receptor 2), with an isotype composition of IgG1-κ and IgG1-λ2. This antibody is engineered for high specificity and affinity in binding to its targets, making it suitable for use in research studies focused on immune checkpoint pathways and their roles in immunology and oncology.
Toripalimab is a selective, recombinant, humanized monoclonal antibody that targets the programmed cell death protein 1 (PD-1) receptor. This antibody binds specifically to PD-1, effectively blocking its interaction with PD-L1 and PD-L2 ligands. Through this mechanism, Toripalimab disrupts the PD-1 mediated signaling pathway, which is critical in regulating the immune system's response to cancer cells. Clinically, Toripalimab has demonstrated significant anti-tumor activity across a range of malignancies, including melanoma, lung cancer, various digestive tract tumors, hepatobiliary and pancreatic cancers, neuroendocrine tumors, nasopharyngeal carcinoma, and urothelial carcinoma. This antibody is pivotal in research focused on immunotherapy and the immune evasion strategies of tumors.
Rulonilimab, a human IgG1 monoclonal antibody, selectively targets and binds to the programmed death-1 (PD-1) receptor, effectively inhibiting its interaction with PD-L1 and PD-L2. This inhibition disrupts downstream signaling pathways, thereby enhancing T-cell function and potentially exerting robust anti-tumor activity through immune checkpoint blockade. This antibody is designed for use in research focused on cancer immunotherapy and the modulation of immune responses.
Iparomlimab is a monoclonal IgG4κ antibody that targets the human programmed death-1 receptor (PD-1, also known as CD279 or PDCD1). This antibody is engineered to bind specifically to the PD-1 receptor, a critical molecule involved in the negative regulation of immune responses and a key therapeutic target in oncology. Iparomlimab is composed of a γ4-chain and a κ-chain of the human monoclonal antibody PSB103, linked by a disulfide bond to form a stable dimer. This biologic is primarily utilized in research focused on cancer immunotherapy, investigating the modulation of immune checkpoints that are pivotal in tumor immune evasion.
Synonyms: LY3300054
Lodapolimab (LY3300054) is an IgGλ monoclonal antibody that targets the programmed cell death protein 1 (PD-1). This antibody is designed to inhibit the PD-1 signaling pathway, which may enhance the immune system's ability to fight cancer.
Synonyms: BCD-100
Prolgolimab (BCD-100) is a human IgG1 monoclonal antibody targeting the PD-1 receptor, incorporating an Fc region modified with the 'LALA' mutation to silence effector functions. This antibody is utilized in research focused on advanced melanoma, providing a valuable tool for investigating the immunological pathways involved in tumor progression and response to therapy.
Synonyms: PF-06801591
Sasanlimab (PF-06801591) is a humanized IgG4-κ monoclonal antibody designed to selectively target the Programmed Death-1 (PD-1) receptor. This antibody is produced in Chinese Hamster Ovary (CHO) cells, ensuring high fidelity and consistent performance in immunotherapy research. Sasanlimab is primarily utilized in studies focused on the modulation of immune checkpoints, which are critical for advancing cancer immunotherapy.
Synonyms: AK104
Cadonilimab (AK104) is a humanized tetravalent IgG1 bispecific antibody designed to simultaneously target PD-1 and CTLA-4. By inhibiting these checkpoint pathways, Cadonilimab effectively alleviates immunosuppression and reverses T cell exhaustion specific to tumor environments. This antibody notably reduces Fc-mediated effector functions, including antibody-dependent cell-mediated cytotoxicity (ADCC), antibody-dependent cellular phagocytosis (ADCP), and complement-dependent cytotoxicity (CDC). Cadonilimab is applicable in research focused on metastatic cervical cancer and other malignancies, including gastric cancer, gastroesophageal junction (GEJ) adenocarcinoma, and non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC), providing a valuable tool for investigations into immune checkpoint blockade and cancer immunotherapy.
Synonyms: ASC 22; KN 035
Envafolimab (ASC 22; KN 035) is a recombinant fusion protein comprising a humanized single-domain anti-PD-L1 antibody linked to the Fc fragment of a human IgG1 antibody. This biologic is designed to inhibit the interaction between PD-L1 and PD-1, exhibiting an IC50 value of 5.25 nM, indicative of its potent inhibitory activity. Envafolimab is primarily utilized in research focused on solid tumors, providing a valuable tool for investigating the therapeutic potential of PD-L1 blockade in oncology.
Sugemalimab is a fully human, full-length monoclonal antibody of the immunoglobulin G4 (IgG4) subclass that targets programmed death ligand 1 (PD-L1). This antibody exhibits anticancer properties, making it particularly valuable for research into non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). Sugemalimab's specificity for PD-L1 enables it to modulate immune responses, which is critical for understanding tumor immune evasion mechanisms in NSCLC.
Synonyms: GEN1046
Acasunlimab (GEN1046) is a bispecific antibody designed to simultaneously target PD-L1 and 4-1BB. This innovative therapeutic agent facilitates the enhancement of T-cell and NK-cell activity via conditional stimulation of 4-1BB, while consistently inhibiting the PD-1/PD-L1 axis. Acasunlimab is primarily utilized in cancer research, focusing on its potential to modulate immune checkpoint pathways and improve antitumor responses.
Synonyms: HS636
Sudubrilimab (HS636) is an IgG1-kappa monoclonal antibody targeting PD-L1. This antibody is uniquely engineered with a fusion to the C-terminus of the heavy chain incorporating a TGF-β1 receptor II ectodomain (TGFBR2-ECD). This design enables Sudubrilimab to simultaneously inhibit the PD-1/PD-L1 interaction and modulate TGF-β activity, effectively countering the immunosuppressive effects within the tumor microenvironment. This dual functionality makes it a valuable tool for research into cancer immunotherapy mechanisms and potential therapeutic interventions.
