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Fatty acids and derivatives include saturated, unsaturated and branched-chain acids together with their esters. Fatty acids are carboxylic acids with hydrocarbon chains, and they form the acyl components of most membrane and storage lipids. Polyunsaturated examples are α-linolenic acid, an essential omega-3 fatty acid, and arachidonic acid, the omega-6 precursor of prostaglandins and leukotrienes. Nonadecanoic acid is an odd-chain saturated fatty acid that appears as a reference compound in lipid analysis. Fatty acid methyl esters (FAMEs), such as methyl oleate, are standard analytes in gas chromatography of lipids. 10-OAHSA belongs to the fatty acid esters of hydroxy fatty acids (FAHFAs), a lipid class found in mammalian adipose tissue. Dicarboxylic acids such as sebacic acid are listed as well.
16:0-(12-PAHSA) DG is a lipid compound consisting of palmitic acid esterified to hydroxystearic acid (PAHSA). This molecule is implicated in various biological processes, including modulation of inflammation and metabolic regulation. Its unique structure enables it to serve as a valuable research tool for studying lipid metabolism, signaling pathways, and potential therapeutic applications in metabolic disorders.
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Nonyl 7-bromoheptanoate is a lipid compound that serves as a valuable tool in drug delivery research. Its structural properties facilitate the incorporation of therapeutic agents into lipid-based formulations, enhancing their bioavailability and efficacy. This reagent is particularly useful for studying the mechanisms of lipid-mediated drug transport and release in various biological systems.
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Undecyl 8-bromooctanoate is a phospholipid known for its favorable biocompatibility and pronounced amphiphilic properties. These characteristics make it an excellent candidate as a delivery vehicle or excipient in pharmaceutical formulations, enhancing therapeutic efficacy. Its distinctive properties make Undecyl 8-bromooctanoate particularly valuable in drug delivery research applications.
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4(Z),7(Z),10(Z),13(Z),16(Z)-Nonadecapentaenoic acid is a polyunsaturated fatty acid (PUFA) known for its role in various biological processes. This compound is implicated in the modulation of inflammation and cell membrane fluidity. It serves as an important target for studies focused on lipid metabolism and the physiological effects of fatty acids in cellular signaling pathways.
Synonyms: Methyl dodecanoate
Methyl laurate (Methyl dodecanoate) is a fatty acid methyl ester that acts primarily as a precursor in chemical synthesis. It can be utilized to produce sucrose monolaurate through transesterification with sucrose. This compound is of interest in research applications related to glycerolipid synthesis and surfactant development.
Adipoyl-L-carnitine is an acyl carnitine derivative that plays a vital role in fatty acid metabolism. This compound is involved in the transport of fatty acids into the mitochondria for β-oxidation, thereby influencing energy production. It serves as a valuable tool for research into metabolic disorders, obesity, and mitochondrial function.
Linoleyl alcohol is a fatty alcohol that serves as a structural analog of linoleic acid, distinguished by the absence of a-carboxyl group. This compound is utilized in various biochemical studies, particularly for investigating lipid metabolism and the role of fatty alcohols in cellular processes. Its biological activity makes it valuable for research in areas such as cell signaling, membrane dynamics, and the synthesis of bioactive lipids.
Oleyl alcohol is a long-chain fatty alcohol that functions as an active compound in biological research. It exhibits properties that can influence membrane fluidity and cell signaling pathways. This reagent is commonly utilized in studies related to lipid metabolism, cellular responses, and biocompatibility assessments in pharmaceutical and cosmetic formulations. Its applications extend to various biochemical assays and experimental protocols.
Eicosapentaenoyl-L-carnitine chloride is an acylcarnitine derivative that combines Eicosapentaenoic Acid with L-Carnitine. This compound has been shown to increase in concentration within the ocular tissues of mice on a high n-3/n-6 polyunsaturated fatty acid diet, particularly in the context of myopia induced by out-of-focus lenses. Eicosapentaenoyl-L-carnitine chloride may offer insights into the metabolic processes related to visual function and eye health, making it valuable for research in ophthalmology and nutritional biochemistry.
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(S)-α-Methylbenzyl ricinoleamide is a fatty acid amide that exhibits antiproliferative activity. This compound has demonstrated the ability to inhibit the growth of human ovarian cancer cells (NCI-ADR/RES) and glioma cells (U251), with GI50 values of 1.9 μg/mL and 3.6 μg/mL, respectively. It is of particular interest for research applications in cancer biology and potential therapeutic development.
Synonyms: Prostaglandin F2α 1,15-lactone
PGF2α 1,15-lactone is a lipid-soluble internal ester of Prostaglandin F2α, primarily known for its role in modulating reproductive physiology. This compound has been shown to reduce menstrual cycle lengths in non-pregnant rhesus monkeys and is effective in terminating early pregnancy in this model. Its biological activities make PGF2α 1,15-lactone a valuable tool for research in reproductive biology and related fields.
Synonyms: RvD1 methyl ester
Resolvin D1 methyl ester is a potent inhibitor of triglyceride synthesis. This bioactive lipid mediates resolution of inflammation and has been shown to effectively lower triglyceride levels. It is commonly utilized in research applications focused on metabolic disorders and cardiovascular health.
Synonyms: 11,12-EET methyl ester; (±)11,12-EpETrE methyl ester
(±)11(12)-EET methyl ester is a methylated derivative of 11,12-epoxyeicosatrienoic acid (11,12-EET) that serves as a negative control in research applications. This compound does not induce β-arrestin recruitment of the G protein-coupled receptor GPR132 and fails to enhance the expression of hematopoietic stem and progenitor cell (HSPC) markers. As a negative control molecule, (±)11(12)-EET methyl ester aids in elucidating the structure-function relationship of 11,12-EET, thereby facilitating investigations into the role of oxygenated fatty acid-GPR132 signaling in hematopoiesis.
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Methyl (9Z,12Z,14E)-16-hydroxy-9,12,14-octadecatrienoate is an esterified oxylipin that serves as a derivative of hydroxy linolenic acid. This compound is primarily involved in the regulation of various physiological processes related to plant stress responses and development. Its unique biological properties make it a valuable reagent for research applications focused on plant biochemistry and stress signaling pathways.
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16-Hydroxy-9-hexadecenoic acid is a hydroxy fatty acid recognized for its role in forming ester bonds with terpenoid acids, resulting in the creation of monoester or polyester structures in organisms such as Cordyceps. This compound is of interest in lipid biochemistry and can be utilized in studies exploring fatty acid metabolism and the structural properties of lipid-based biomolecules. Its unique functional groups may also provide insights into the synthesis of bioactive lipids.
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Pyrrolidine ricinoleamide is a fatty acid amide that targets cellular proliferation pathways. It demonstrates notable antiproliferative activity against various cancer cell lines, including human glioma U251 cells. This compound presents valuable research potential in the field of cancer biology and therapeutic development.
Synonyms: 9Z,11Z-CLA
9(Z),11(Z)-Conjugated linoleic acid methyl ester is a fatty acid derivative known for its diverse biological activities. This compound exhibits potential anti-inflammatory and anti-carcinogenic properties, making it valuable in obesity and cancer research. It serves as an important tool for investigating the metabolic effects of conjugated linoleic acids and their roles in human health.
Lauric acid leelamide is a derivative of lauric acid (C-12) and functions as an amide analog of Leelamine. It demonstrates inhibitory activity against pyruvate dehydrogenase kinase (PDHK) with an IC50 value of 9.5 µM, and exhibits notable anti-inflammatory effects. This compound is of interest in research applications aimed at exploring its potential to inhibit phospholipase A2 activity from various sources.
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Synonyms: SFE 24:5; all-cis-4,7,10,13,16-DPA Ethyl ester
All-cis-4,7,10,13,16-Docosapentaenoic acid ethyl ester is a derivative of Docosapentaenoic acid (DPA), an important polyunsaturated fatty acid predominantly found in marine oils. This compound exhibits significant anti-inflammatory and cardioprotective properties, positioning it as a valuable tool in lipid metabolism and cardiovascular research. Its applications extend to studies investigating the roles of fatty acids in cell signaling and metabolic regulation.
10-PAHSA is a fatty ester that primarily targets lipid metabolism pathways. It has demonstrated significant biological activity in modulating lipid profiles and influencing metabolic processes. This compound is utilized in research to investigate obesity, diabetes, and related metabolic disorders.
Arachidoyl glycine is an N-acylated amino acid targeting fatty acid signaling pathways. It exhibits biological activity related to lipid metabolism and has been implicated in cellular processes such as inflammation and neurotransmission. This compound is useful in the study of fatty acid receptor interactions, providing insights into physiological responses and potential therapeutic implications.
(R)-(+)-Docosahexaenyl-1'-hydroxy-2'-propylamide is a polyunsaturated fatty acid amide that exhibits anti-proliferative activity. This compound has been identified as a potential modulator of cellular growth, making it a valuable tool for studies related to cancer research and cell signaling pathways. Its unique structural properties allow for exploration in various biological assays aimed at understanding lipid-mediated signaling and cell behavior.
7(Z),10(Z),13(Z)-Hexadecatrienoic acid methyl ester is a polyunsaturated fatty acid that serves as a biochemical precursor in the synthesis of Docosahexaenoic acid-d5. This compound exhibits significant biological activity and is utilized in research applications focused on fatty acid metabolism, lipid signaling, and cellular physiological processes. Its role as a methyl ester enhances its stability and solubility for experimental use.
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cis-5-Eicosenoic acid is a fatty acid characterized by its cis configuration at the fifth carbon. This compound plays a significant role in various biological processes, including cell membrane structure and signaling pathways. It is utilized in research applications involving lipid metabolism, inflammation studies, and the exploration of fatty acid derivatives in pharmacological contexts.
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Arachidonyl alcohol is a long-chain primary fatty alcohol that serves as a substrate for the synthesis of various ether lipids. These ether lipids are known to exhibit beneficial biological functions, making arachidonyl alcohol valuable in studies related to lipid metabolism and cellular signaling. Its applications extend to research in areas such as inflammation, cell differentiation, and neurobiology, providing insight into the role of ether lipids in health and disease.
