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Insecticides and acaricides are compounds used to control insect and mite pests of crops and stored produce. In research they serve as reference substances for mode-of-action work, resistance monitoring and residue analysis in soil, water and food. Nerve-directed classes are represented by the pyrethroid deltamethrin, which holds voltage-gated sodium channels open, and the carbamate fenobucarb, an acetylcholinesterase inhibitor. Cartap is a nereistoxin analog that acts at nicotinic acetylcholine receptors, while pymetrozine alters feeding behavior in sap-sucking insects. Growth and development are addressed by the ecdysone receptor agonist tebufenozide and the chitin synthesis inhibitor buprofezin. Spiromesifen, a tetronic acid acaricide, inhibits acetyl-coenzyme A carboxylase in lipid synthesis.
Synonyms: cis-9-Tricosene
(Z)-9-Tricosene is an insect pheromone primarily utilized as an insecticide. This compound targets and disrupts the communication systems of Diptera species, including houseflies, effectively interfering with mating behaviors. Its application in research aids in the study of insect behavior and pest control strategies.
Synonyms: HY366
Thiotraniliprole is an ortho formamidobenzamide insecticide that primarily targets pest insects through its mode of action as a chitin synthesis inhibitor. It exhibits potent insecticidal activity against lepidoptera and coleoptera species, as well as ants and termites. This compound is suitable for the development of novel insecticidal formulations and combinations aimed at pest management in agricultural and horticultural settings.
Synonyms: IKI-7899
Chlorfluazuron is a benzoylurea insecticide that primarily targets chitin synthesis in insects. By inhibiting chitin formation, it disrupts normal molting processes, leading to malformations in lepidopteran pests. This mechanism makes Chlorfluazuron an effective agent for the control and management of various insect infestations in agricultural research and pest management applications.
Tetradifon, an organochlorine insecticide, primarily targets the mitochondrial oligomycin sensitivity conferring protein (OSCP). It demonstrates broad-spectrum activity against various mite species and effectively inhibits energy-related processes, including ADP-stimulated respiration and ATPase activity, with an IC50 of 4.5-27 nM/mg mitochondrial protein. Tetradifon's mode of action involves the disruption of oxidative phosphorylation, leading to oxidative stress and potential interference with bone metabolism. This compound is utilized in research focused on mitochondrial function regulation, bone remodeling mechanisms, and the nephrotoxic effects of environmental pollutants.
Synonyms: 3-Benzylidenephthalide
Benzalphthalide is a phthalate compound that functions as an insecticide through its targeting of insect nervous system pathways. This compound exhibits significant biological activity in controlling pest populations, making it valuable for research in pest management and agricultural applications. Its mode of action involves disruption of normal neural functions in target insects, contributing to its effectiveness as a pest control agent.
Tetramethrin is a synthetic pyrethroid insecticide that targets the nervous system of various insect pests. It exhibits potent insecticidal activity, leading to paralysis and death of target organisms. This compound is widely used in agricultural and residential pest control applications, providing a reliable solution for managing insect populations effectively.
Prenyl acetate is an insecticide that primarily targets the behavioral responses of red imported fire ants (Solenopsis invicta). At low concentrations, it acts as an attractant, eliciting pronounced antennal electroantennogram (EAG) responses across all castes of the species. Additionally, prenyl acetate exhibits low mammalian toxicity, making it a valuable compound for research focused on pest control strategies involving red imported fire ants.
Bistrifluron is a benzoylphenylurea compound that functions as an effective insecticide targeting termites. Demonstrating significant activity against the Formosan subterranean termite (Coptotermes formosanus) at a concentration of 5,000 ppm, Bistrifluron serves as a bait toxicant and disrupts grooming behaviors while impairing motor abilities in affected insects. This compound is valuable in research applications focusing on pest control and insect physiology.
Synonyms: Cardol monoene
Bilobol is a potent insecticide that targets Aedes aegypti, exhibiting a lethal concentration (LC50) of 7.67 mg/L. In addition to its insecticidal properties, Bilobol also demonstrates antitumor activity, making it a valuable reagent for research in both entomology and cancer studies. Its dual functionality allows for exploration in various biological contexts, providing insights into pest management and potential therapeutic applications.
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Synonyms: S-21074
Metoxadiazone is an insecticide that targets the nervous system of insects, inducing paralysis and death in a variety of species including cockroaches and ants. This compound is valuable for studying the mechanisms of insecticide action and assessing potential toxicity to humans and non-target organisms. Its applications in entomological research contribute to the development of safer pest management strategies.
Synonyms: S 1812
Pyridalyl is an insecticide that targets Lepidoptera and Thrips. It exhibits selective toxicity, demonstrating reduced harm to beneficial arthropods as well as non-target organisms, including mammals and fish. Pyridalyl is particularly useful in integrated pest management strategies and resistance management, offering a more environmentally conscious approach to pest control.
Synonyms: 2,4'-DDE; 2,4-Dichlorodiphenyldichloroethylene; o,p'-Dichlorodiphenyldichloroethylene
o,p'-DDE (2,4-Dichlorodiphenyldichloroethylene) primarily targets the endocrine system as a metabolite of the organochlorine insecticide DDT. It is recognized for its role as a persistent organic pollutant (POP) that accumulates in aquatic organisms and sediments. o,p'-DDE effectively inhibits estrogen binding to the rainbow trout estrogen receptor (rtER) with an IC50 of 3.2 μM and stimulates estradiol secretion in porcine granulosa and theca cell co-cultures. Additionally, in ovo exposure to o,p'-DDE leads to follicular degeneration and decreased testis size in Japanese medaka (Oryzias latipes), making it relevant for studies on endocrine disruption in aquatic species.
Synonyms: 5β-Cholan-24-dimethylamine
25-Azacoprostane (5β-Cholan-24-dimethylamine) is an azasteroid that functions as a potent inhibitor of molting and metamorphosis in various insect species. This compound disrupts key physiological processes, making it effective as an insecticide in agricultural and pest control applications. Researchers can employ 25-Azacoprostane to investigate hormonal regulation and developmental biology in insects.
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Nikkomycin M is a chitin synthesis inhibitor targeting insect development. It exhibits potent insecticidal activity by disrupting the formation of the exoskeleton in various insect species. This compound is primarily used in agricultural research to develop environmentally friendly pest control solutions.
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Celangulin VII is a β-dihydroagarofuran sesquiterpene polyol ester that targets insect physiology. It demonstrates significant insecticidal and narcotic effects against the 4th-instar larvae of Mythimna separata. This compound is suitable for research applications focused on insecticide development and mechanisms of action in pest control.
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Chlorfenethol is a dehydrochlorinase inhibitor that serves as a synergist for the insecticide DDT. By inhibiting metabolic resistance mechanisms, Chlorfenethol enhances the efficacy of DDT against resistant insect strains. This compound is valuable in entomological research and pest control studies, particularly in investigating and combating resistance in target insect populations.
H-L-Cys(MDNPE)-OH is a genetically encoded photocaged cysteine compound that targets activation of TEV protease upon exposure to light. This compound demonstrates significant biological activity in mammalian cells, enabling precise control of proteolytic processes. It is particularly useful for studies related to protein function and dynamics in controlled environments, facilitating investigations in cellular signaling and protein engineering applications.
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Azadirachtin I is an insecticide that targets pathways related to insect growth and development, including the ecdysone signaling and chitin synthesis pathways. This compound inhibits chitin synthesis and disrupts intestinal function, impairing critical processes such as molting and pupation in insect larvae. Its biological activity leads to increased mortality and reduced fecundity in various agricultural pests, particularly within Lepidoptera and Coleoptera orders, making it a valuable tool for research in pest management.
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ACD-10284 is a potent insecticide that targets the nervous system of various insect species, leading to paralysis and mortality. This compound exhibits significant biological activity by inhibiting key neurotransmitter receptors, effectively disrupting normal insect behavior. ACD-10284 is suitable for applications in agricultural pest control research and studies focused on insect physiology and behavior.
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Thiodicarb is a carbamate insecticide primarily targeting insect nervous systems. It is effective in controlling flies within animal and poultry housing, as well as dairy facilities. Thiodicarb is metabolized to methomyl in various organisms, further breaking down into carbon dioxide and acetonitrile. This compound is valuable for research in insecticide efficacy and environmental degradation studies.
Synonyms: SD 2774; ENT 23393; Alugan
Bromocyclen is an insecticide that exhibits potent activity against a range of pests. Its biological mechanism involves interference with the neurophysiological processes in target insects, leading to mortality. Research applications include studying environmental impacts and bioaccumulation in aquatic ecosystems, as evidenced by its detection in the muscle tissue of various fish species, including rainbow trout and crucian carp, with concentrations detected up to 1.23 mg/kg fat.
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Synonyms: ENT-33266
Looplure (ENT-33266) is an insect attractant that functions primarily as an insecticide. It exhibits acute toxicity in various animal models, demonstrating notable effectiveness with specific oral and dermal median lethal doses (LD50). Additionally, it has been evaluated for median lethal concentrations (LC50) in fish, often resulting in low toxicity levels across most applications. This compound is useful for research in pest control and ecological impact studies.
Synonyms: Jodfenphos
Iodofenphos is an organophosphate insecticide primarily targeting key pests infesting stored grains. It exhibits significant efficacy against various grain pests, including Sitophilus oryzae, Tribolium castaneum, and larvae of Trogoderma granarium. With its prolonged residual toxicity, Iodofenphos offers effective insect control over an extended period, making it a valuable agent in grain protection strategies.
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Fipronil desulfinyl is a photodegradation product of the insecticide Fipronil, functioning primarily as an insecticide. Its biological activity reveals similar in vivo toxicity to that of Fipronil, although it is associated with greater environmental pollution. This compound is relevant for research in environmental science and toxicology, providing insights into the degradation pathways and ecological impact of insecticides.
Bayer 30468 is an insecticide that acts on adult boll weevils by disrupting their neurological function. It is effective in controlling pest populations, thereby protecting crops from damage. This compound is valuable for research in agricultural pest management and insect physiology.
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