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Drug Metabolite

Drug metabolites are compounds formed when drugs, pesticides and other xenobiotics are transformed by organisms. Phase I reactions such as oxidation and hydroxylation, and phase II conjugation reactions, generate most of these products. α-Hydroxytamoxifen is a hydroxylated metabolite of tamoxifen, and Desbutyl Lumefantrine D9 is a deuterium-labeled form of a lumefantrine metabolite. Imidacloprid-urea represents environmental and metabolic breakdown products of the neonicotinoid insecticide imidacloprid. Endogenous and dietary metabolites also appear, including hippuric acid, a glycine conjugate of benzoic acid, and the catecholamine end product vanillylmandelic acid. Researchers use these compounds to identify metabolites, follow biotransformation pathways and measure exposure in biological samples. Deuterium-labeled forms can act as internal standards in mass spectrometry.

2 Items

  • Benzo[a]pyrene diol epoxide
    Cat. No.
    A40879
    CAS No.
    58917-67-2

    Benzo[a]pyrene diol epoxide

    Benzo[a]pyrene diol epoxide is a reactive metabolite of the polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon benzo[a]pyrene, known for its role as a carcinogen in tobacco smoke and environmental pollutants. This compound is involved in the induction of esophageal carcinogenesis and has been shown to activate key signaling pathways, including ERK and p38 MAPK. The activation is characterized by phosphorylation of both ERKs and p38 MAPK, along with their downstream substrates Elk-1 and ATF-2, making it a valuable reagent for studies focused on cancer biology and cellular signaling mechanisms.

    In stock View Details
    1 mg
    $270.00
    2.5 mg
    $555.00
    All 2 sizes
  • MPP+ iodide
    Cat. No.
    A76668
    CAS No.
    36913-39-0

    MPP+ iodide

    MPP+ iodide is a neurotoxic metabolite of MPTP that selectively targets dopaminergic neurons in the substantia nigra, leading to Parkinson's disease-like symptoms in animal models. Its primary action involves uptake by the dopamine transporter, where it disrupts mitochondrial function by inhibiting complex I of the respiratory chain. Additionally, MPP+ iodide serves as a high-affinity substrate for the serotonin transporter (SERT), making it a valuable tool for studying neurodegenerative processes and serotonergic activity in research settings.

    In stock View Details
    10 mg
    $25.00
    25 mg
    $55.00
    All 5 sizes

2 Items

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