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Sphingolipids are membrane lipids built on a sphingoid base, with ceramide as their central intermediate. In cells, serine and palmitoyl-coenzyme A condense into sphingoid bases, which are then N-acylated to ceramides and extended into sphingomyelin and glycosphingolipids. Ceramides of defined chain length are represented by C6 Ceramide, C8-Ceramide and C24:1-Ceramide, which differ in how they partition into membranes. Glycosphingolipids include Cerebroside B, N-Acetylpsychosine and Ganglioside GT1b (bovine) ammonium, a sialylated ganglioside of neuronal membranes. Compounds directed at the biosynthetic enzymes are listed as well, among them the sphingomyelin synthase inhibitor malabaricone C and the sphingosine kinase inhibitor SKI-I.
C18:0 GM1-biotin ammonium is a biotin-labeled ganglioside targeting lipid metabolism. This compound plays a crucial role in cell signaling and membrane dynamics, making it valuable for studies in cellular biology and neuroscience. Its biotin tag allows for easy detection and isolation in various biochemical assays, facilitating research into ganglioside function and related pathways.
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Photoswitchable Sphingosine is a photoswitchable lipid designed to facilitate the study of the translation of optical stimuli into reversible cellular responses. This compound enables researchers to manipulate lipid behavior in biological systems, providing insights into cellular signaling pathways and membrane dynamics. Its unique photo-responsive properties make it an invaluable tool for understanding the role of lipids in various physiological processes.
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16:0(2R-OH) Ceramide is a lipid with significant potential for incorporation into lipid nanoparticles (LNPs) for drug delivery applications. Its unique structure enables improved stability and bioavailability of therapeutic agents. This compound is essential for researchers focusing on novel drug delivery systems and lipid-based formulations in biomedical studies.
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C20:0 GM1 Ganglioside ammonium is a lipid compound that serves as an essential component in the formation of lipid nanoparticles (LNPs) for drug delivery applications. Its unique structure allows for enhanced encapsulation and stability of therapeutic agents, thereby facilitating effective cellular uptake. This reagent is particularly valuable in developing targeted drug delivery systems and optimizing nanoparticle formulations in biomedical research.
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Synonyms: D-erythro-Sphingosine-C17-1-phosphate
Sphingosine-1-phosphate (d17:1) is a ceramide derivative that acts as a bioactive sphingolipid signaling molecule. It is known for its role in various cellular processes, including cell proliferation, survival, and migration, making it a significant target in cancer research. Sphingosine-1-phosphate (d17:1) can be utilized to investigate tumor biology and therapeutic interventions in oncological studies.
Trifunctional sphingosine is a sphingoid base derivative designed for bioorthogonal chemistry applications. This compound enables the study of sphingoid base biological functions by facilitating the labeling and tracking of sphingolipids in cellular environments. Trifunctional sphingolipids address challenges associated with lipid metabolism and their transient interactions with proteins, allowing for more precise investigations into lipid biology without disrupting cellular localization.
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C18 3'-Sulfo lactosylceramide (d18:1/18:0) is a sulfated glycosphingolipid that interacts with specific cell receptors to modulate various biological processes. This compound plays a significant role in cellular recognition and signaling pathways, making it valuable in studies related to cell adhesion, immune response, and cancer biology. Its unique structural features allow for applications in lipid metabolism research and the exploration of glycosphingolipid functions in health and disease.
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C22 Dihydro 1-deoxyceramide (m18:0/22:0) is a ceramide variant involved in cellular signaling and membrane dynamics. This compound plays a crucial role in the regulation of various biological processes, including apoptosis and inflammation. It serves as a valuable tool for research in lipid metabolism, cell signaling pathways, and therapeutic applications targeting ceramide-related diseases.
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α-GalCer analog 8 is a triazole derivative of α-Galactosylceramide, a synthetic glycolipid known for its immunostimulatory and antitumor activities. This compound enhances the activation of NKT cells, facilitating the modulation of immune responses. It is primarily utilized in research focused on cancer immunotherapy and understanding the mechanisms of immune modulation.
Synonyms: C24 Dihydro ceramide (m18:0/24:0); N-Tetracosanoyl-1-deoxy-sphinganine
C24 Dihydro 1-deoxyceramide (m18:0/24:0) is a ceramide that primarily targets cellular lipid metabolism and signaling pathways. It plays a significant role in regulating cell growth, differentiation, and apoptosis. This compound is valuable for research applications related to sphingolipid metabolism, cellular stress responses, and the study of neurodegenerative diseases. Its unique structure allows for the exploration of ceramide-related biological processes and their implications in human health.
Synonyms: N-C12-Deoxysphingosine
C12 1-Deoxyceramide (m18:1/12:0) is a synthetic sphingolipid that targets the sphingolipid metabolic pathways. This compound is instrumental in research exploring the roles of sphingolipids in cellular signaling and related biological processes. Its unique structure allows for the investigation of deoxyceramide functions in various cellular contexts, enhancing the understanding of their contribution to cellular homeostasis and disease mechanisms.
N-Glycine globotriaosylsphingosine (d18:1) is a glycosphingolipid that primarily targets cell membrane lipid composition. This compound is involved in cellular signaling processes and plays a crucial role in cell-cell interactions and membrane stability. It is widely used in research applications focused on sphingolipid metabolism, neurobiology, and autoimmune diseases.
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C17 Dihydro ceramide (d18:0/17:0) is a sphingolipid that plays a crucial role in cell membrane structure and signaling pathways. This compound is essential for studying the metabolism and functions of sphingolipids in various biological systems. Its unique fatty acid composition allows for targeted investigations into lipid-related cellular processes, including apoptosis, inflammation, and cell proliferation. Research applications include exploring the roles of sphingolipids in disease models and therapeutic interventions.
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XM462 is a potent inhibitor of dihydroceramide desaturase, demonstrating mixed-type inhibition with a Ki value of 2 μM in vitro. This compound exhibits effective inhibition of dihydroceramide desaturase in both in vitro assays and cultured cells, with IC50 values of 8.2 μM and 0.78 μM, respectively. XM462 is relevant for research applications focused on tumor biology and lipid metabolism.
Synonyms: Ceramide trihexoside (d18:1/17:0); Gb3(d18:1)(C17:0)
C17 Globotriaosylceramide (d18:1/17:0) is a sphygosine lipid that serves as a valuable standard for the quantification of Globotriaosylceramide in biological samples. It is primarily utilized in gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) studies to analyze plasma and urine from patients with Fabry disease. This compound facilitates research on lipid metabolism and the biochemical pathways involved in lysosomal storage disorders.
D-lactosyl-β-1,1′ N-stearoyl-D-erythro-sphingosine is a neutral glycolipid that serves as a structural component of cell membranes and participates in cellular signaling processes. It is primarily used in research applications focusing on glycosphingolipid biology, membrane dynamics, and cellular interaction studies. This compound aids in the investigation of glycosphingolipid-mediated effects in various biological contexts.
Synonyms: Stearoyl sphingomyelin; Sphingomyelin (d18:1/18:0); N-Octadecanoyl sphingosylphosphorylcholine
C18 Sphingomyelin (d18:1/18:0) is a specific sphingomyelin variant that serves as a key component in cellular membranes. This lipid plays a crucial role in modulating membrane fluidity and cellular signaling pathways. It is widely used in research applications focused on sphingolipid metabolism, neurobiology, and cell membrane dynamics.
1-Deoxyceramide (m18:1/20:0) is a ceramide derivative that plays a role in various cellular processes. It has been shown to be upregulated in the dorsal root ganglia of mice following treatment with Docetaxel, indicating its potential involvement in neurobiology and chemotherapy-induced neuropathic pain. This compound is valuable for research related to cell signaling, lipid metabolism, and the analysis of ceramide-mediated effects in disease models.
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(1R,2S)-Deoxy-PR280 is a competitive inhibitor of dihydroceramide desaturase, exhibiting an inhibition constant (Ki) of 6 µM. This compound is essential for studying sphingolipid metabolism and related signaling pathways. Its inhibitory action provides valuable insights into cellular processes, making it applicable in research on cancer, neurodegeneration, and metabolic diseases.
Synonyms: C24:0(2R-OH) Galactosyl(ß) Ceramide (d18:1/24:0)
Phrenosine is a cerebroside that functions as a galactosylceramide, distinguished by its 24-carbon fatty acid chain and an 18-carbon sphingosine backbone. This compound plays a critical role in cellular signaling and neurobiology, particularly in the formation of myelin sheaths in the nervous system. Its unique structural characteristics make it valuable for studies focused on lipid metabolism, neural development, and potential therapeutic applications in demyelinating diseases.
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Synonyms: Rhiz
Rhizochalinin is a cytotoxic sphingolipid that targets glioblastoma cells. It effectively inhibits proliferation by inducing apoptosis, causing G2/M-phase cell cycle arrest, and suppressing autophagy. This compound is invaluable for research focused on human glioblastoma.
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C17 Glucosyl(β) ceramide (d18:1/17:0) is a lipid that serves as a critical component for the formulation of lipid nanoparticles (LNPs), facilitating efficient drug delivery systems. Its structural properties enhance the stability and biocompatibility of the nanoparticles, making it suitable for various biomedical applications. Researchers may utilize this compound for investigating lipid-mediated drug formulations and exploring therapeutic delivery mechanisms.
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Synonyms: Monomethyl sphingosine (d18:1)
N-Methyl-D-erythro-sphingosine is a bioactive sphingosine analog that primarily targets sphingosine metabolism pathways. It has been shown to exhibit inhibitory effects on sphingosine kinases, leading to the modulation of cellular signaling pathways associated with apoptosis and cell proliferation. This compound is commonly used in research focused on lipid metabolism, cellular differentiation, and the study of neurodegenerative diseases.
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α-Galactosyl-C16-dihydroceramide (d18:0/16:0) is a specialized lipid designed for the formulation of lipid nanoparticles (LNPs) utilized in drug delivery systems. Its unique properties facilitate enhanced encapsulation and stability of therapeutic agents, making it a valuable reagent in the development of novel drug delivery platforms. This compound is particularly relevant in research focused on lipid-based therapies and targeted delivery mechanisms.
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C22 Ceramide (d14:1/22:0) is a sphingolipid that plays a crucial role in cellular signaling and membrane structure. This ceramide modulates various biological activities, including apoptosis, inflammation, and cell differentiation. C22 Ceramide is widely utilized in research focused on lipid metabolism, cell signaling pathways, and the pathophysiology of various diseases, including neurodegenerative conditions and cancer.
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