Acyl-CoA & Cofactors

Cat. No.

A71606

CAS No.

37250-84-3

FAD-dependent glucose dehydrogenase

Synonyms: FAD-GDH; Glucose 1-dehydrogenase

FAD-dependent glucose dehydrogenase (EC 1.1.5.9) is an enzyme that primarily targets glucose through its coenzyme FAD. This enzyme is notable for its insensitivity to oxygen and exhibits high substrate specificity for glucose, making it particularly suitable for glucose biosensor applications. Its stable performance under varying conditions enhances its utility in biochemical research and diagnostic tool development.

Cat. No.

A71618

CAS No.

18439-24-2

Coenzyme A trilithium

Coenzyme A trilithium is a vital cofactor that functions as an acyl group carrier and carbonyl-activating agent, integral to the citric acid cycle and fatty acid metabolism. This compound is crucial for the oxidation of pyruvate and facilitates the metabolism of both short- and long-chain carboxylic acids. Its broad biological activity makes it an important reagent in metabolic research and studies involving energy production pathways.

Cat. No.

A71676

CAS No.

36687-82-8

L-Carnitine tartrate

L-Carnitine tartrate is a critical cofactor for the mitochondrial β-oxidation pathway, facilitating the transport of long-chain fatty acyl-CoAs into the mitochondria for their degradation. In addition to its role in energy metabolism, L-Carnitine tartrate exhibits antioxidant properties. This compound is useful in research focused on metabolic disorders and inborn errors of metabolism, where it can help address metabolic imbalances.

Cat. No.

A71813

CAS No.

188824-37-5

Oleoyl coenzyme A lithium

Synonyms: Oleoyl-CoA lithium

Oleoyl coenzyme A lithium is a thioester formed from oleic acid and coenzyme A. It serves as an important metabolite in Escherichia coli and mouse models, playing a critical role in fatty acid metabolism. This compound is utilized in research to investigate metabolic pathways and the regulation of lipid synthesis. Its role in cellular energy metabolism makes it valuable for studies in biochemistry and metabolism.

Cat. No.

A71912

CAS No.

190063-12-8

Lauroyl coenzyme A lithium

Lauroyl coenzyme A lithium is a derivative of coenzyme A that plays a critical role in fatty acid metabolism and lipid biosynthesis. This reagent facilitates the transport and activation of long-chain fatty acids, including lauric acid, by covalently binding them to coenzyme A. Lauroyl coenzyme A lithium is widely utilized in research applications focusing on fatty acid synthesis, lipid metabolism, and related biochemical pathways.

Cat. No.

A71971

CAS No.

3633-59-8

Dephospho-CoA

Dephospho-CoA is a critical substrate for GTP-dependent Dephospho-CoA kinase (DPCK), catalyzing the final step in the biosynthesis of coenzyme A (CoA). This compound plays a vital role in energy metabolism and cellular signal transduction processes. Research applications include investigations into cancer, specifically regarding the regulation of cell proliferation, as well as studies on metabolic disorders such as mitochondrial dysfunction.

Cat. No.

A72264

CAS No.

31664-36-5

CoA-S-S-CoA

CoA-S-S-CoA is an endogenous metabolite primarily involved in cellular metabolism, acting as a substrate for the NOXA2 enzyme. This compound plays a critical role in redox regulation and cellular signaling pathways. Its utility in research encompasses studies related to oxidative stress and metabolic functions in various biological contexts.

Cat. No.

A72334

CAS No.

9080-33-5

Succinyl-CoA synthetase

Succinyl-CoA synthetase is an enzyme that catalyzes the substrate-level phosphorylation step in the tricarboxylic acid cycle. This enzyme plays a crucial role in mitochondrial metabolism by facilitating the conversion of succinyl-CoA to succinate while generating ATP or GTP. Its activity is essential for energy production and metabolic regulation in various biological processes, making it a valuable target for research in bioenergetics and mitochondrial function.

Cat. No.

A72347

CAS No.

43195-60-4

Uridine diphosphate glucuronic acid ammonium

Synonyms: UDP-α-D-glucuronic acid ammonium

Uridine diphosphate glucuronic acid ammonium (UDP-GlcA) is a cofactor involved in various biochemical pathways, primarily serving as a substrate for C4-epimerases and decarboxylases. It plays a critical role in sugar nucleotide biosynthesis, facilitating the production of UDP-galacturonic acid and UDP-pentose derivatives. As a glucuronic acid donor, UDP-GlcA is valuable in research focused on the conjugation of bilirubin within the endoplasmic reticulum, providing insights into metabolic processes and drug metabolism.

Cat. No.

A72374

CAS No.

76109-04-1

(E)-Cinnamoyl-coA

Synonyms: (E)-Cinnamoyl-coenzyme A

(E)-Cinnamoyl-CoA serves as a substrate for 2-hydroxyglutaryl-CoA dehydratase, playing a critical role in various biochemical pathways. This compound is important for studies involving fatty acid metabolism and the regulation of lipid biosynthesis. Its application in research can enhance the understanding of cellular processes that involve CoA derivatives and their enzymatic interactions.

Cat. No.

A72412

CAS No.

799812-86-5

16:0 Coenzyme A triammonium

16:0 Coenzyme A triammonium is a form of palmitoyl-CoA primarily involved in acylation processes. It acts as a substrate for protein acyl transferases (PATs), facilitating the transfer of the palmitoyl group to free thiol groups on target proteins. This compound is essential for studying palmitoylation mechanisms and exploring the functional roles of lipid modifications in cellular processes.

Cat. No.

A72416

CAS No.

799813-02-8

26:0 Coenzyme A

Synonyms: Hexacosanoyl coenzyme A triammonium

26:0 Coenzyme A is a derivative of coenzyme A that serves as a substrate for 1-acylglycerol-3-phosphate-O-acyltransferase isoform 11 (AGPAT11). This compound plays a critical role in lipid metabolism and fatty acid biosynthesis. It is useful in research applications focused on metabolic pathways involving glycerolipids and enzyme characterization.

Cat. No.

A72582

CAS No.

5960-12-3

Cyclohexanoyl coenzyme A

Synonyms: CHCoA; Cyclohexanecarboxyl-CoA; Cyclohexanoyl CoA

Cyclohexanoyl coenzyme A is the active form of cyclohexane carboxylic acid (CHC), primarily involved in the anaerobic degradation processes in Rhodopseudomonas palustris. This compound plays a crucial role in lipid metabolism and microbial ecology research, facilitating studies on anaerobic bacteria and their carbon cycling pathways. Its utility in biochemical assays allows for the investigation of COA-dependent enzymatic reactions and metabolic regulation.

Cat. No.

A72588

CAS No.

188174-63-2

Arachidonoyl coenzyme A lithium

Arachidonoyl coenzyme A lithium is an unsaturated fatty acyl coenzyme A that targets the arachidonic CoA metabolic pathway. This compound plays a critical role in the synthesis of bioactive lipids involved in inflammation and cell signaling. It is utilized in research applications focusing on lipid metabolism, signaling pathways, and related physiological processes.

Cat. No.

A72668

CAS No.

102185-37-5

Benzoyl coenzyme A trilithium

Synonyms: Benzoyl CoA trilithium

Benzoyl coenzyme A trilithium is an important intermediate in the CoA-dependent epoxide pathway, primarily targeting benzoyl coenzyme A. This reagent is useful for investigating the metabolic processes associated with benzoate, facilitating research into enzymatic pathways and metabolic conversions in various biological systems.

Cat. No.

A72886

CAS No.

62989-33-7

Sapropterin

Synonyms: (6R)-BH4; (6R)-Tetrahydro-L-biopterin

Sapropterin, also known as (6R)-Tetrahydro-L-biopterin, serves as an essential cofactor for phenylalanine hydroxylase (PAH), playing a crucial role in the metabolism of phenylalanine. Its primary biological activity includes the reduction of blood phenylalanine levels, making it a valuable reagent in research on phenylketonuria (PKU). Additionally, Sapropterin has been implicated in the exacerbation of experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE), providing insights into its potential effects on autoimmune conditions.

Cat. No.

A73013

CAS No.

799812-84-3

12:0 Coenzyme A triammonium

Synonyms: Lauroyl coenzyme A triammonium; S-Dodecanoate-CoA triammonium

12:0 Coenzyme A triammonium is an intermediary in fatty acid metabolism, specifically targeting coenzyme A. It plays a crucial role in lipid biosynthesis and fatty acid transport, facilitating the movement of long-chain fatty acids, including lauric acid. This compound is essential for studies focused on lipid metabolism and enzymatic pathways involved in fatty acid synthesis.

Cat. No.

A73084

CAS No.

9028-47-1

Malate dehydrogenase oxaloacetate-decarboxylating, NADP+

Malate dehydrogenase (oxaloacetate-decarboxylating, NADP+) functions primarily as a redox agent, playing a crucial role in cellular metabolic pathways. This enzyme catalyzes the reduction of oxaloacetate to malate, particularly in the leaves of higher plants, thus participating in key metabolic processes. Its activity is relevant for research into metabolic disorders, including diabetes and obesity, making it a valuable tool for investigating these diseases.

Cat. No.

A73118

CAS No.

81923-89-9

1-Pyrenebutanoyl-CoA

Synonyms: S-1-Pyrenebutanoate-CoA; Coenzyme A,S-1-pyrenebutanoate

1-Pyrenebutanoyl-CoA is a coenzyme A derivative that functions as a non-competitive inhibitor of phosphorylating respiration in rat liver mitochondria, with a Ki value of 2 μM. Additionally, it acts as a competitive inhibitor of carnitine palmitoyl-CoA transferase and octanoyl-CoA transferase, exhibiting Ki values of 2.1 μM and 15 μM, respectively. This compound is important for studying mitochondrial function and metabolic pathways involving fatty acids and energy production.

Cat. No.

A73185

CAS No.

38861-93-7

2-Hydroxystearoyl-CoA

2-Hydroxystearoyl-CoA is a derivative of octadecanoic acid that targets coenzyme A (CoA). This metabolite is implicated in lipid metabolism and may influence the progression of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) in individuals with diabetes. It is useful for research aimed at understanding metabolic disorders and their links to cancer development.

Cat. No.

A73222

CAS No.

108347-83-7

β-Methylcrotonyl coenzyme A lithium

β-Methylcrotonyl coenzyme A lithium is an essential intermediate in leucine metabolism that targets β-methylcrotonyl coenzyme A carboxylase (MCCase). This compound serves as a substrate for investigating the specificity and kinetic parameters of MCCase, making it valuable for enzymatic studies related to amino acid metabolism and potential metabolic disorders.

Cat. No.

A73229

CAS No.

103404-53-1

Heneicosanoyl-CoA

Heneicosanoyl-CoA is a fatty acyl-CoA derivative that serves as a substrate for Very Long-Chain Acyl-CoA Dehydrogenase (VLCAD). It plays a critical role in the anaerobic electron transfer flavoprotein (ETF) assay, facilitating the investigation of fatty acid oxidation pathways. This compound is essential for studying metabolic disorders related to VLCAD and other acyl-CoA metabolism in various biological systems.

Cat. No.

A73264

CAS No.

2260795-81-9

30:0 Coenzyme A ammonium

30:0 Coenzyme A ammonium is an essential cofactor involved in diverse metabolic pathways, notably within the citric acid cycle and fatty acid metabolism. Its role is critical for the synthesis and degradation of fatty acids, facilitating energy production and biosynthetic processes. This reagent is valuable for research applications in metabolism, biochemistry, and cellular energy regulation.

Cat. No.

A73271

CAS No.

103476-19-3

Hexanoyl coenzyme A trilithium

Hexanoyl Coenzyme A trilithium serves as a hexanoyl-based medium-chain fatty acyl coenzyme A, prevalent across all organisms. It functions as a precursor for cannabinoid biosynthesis and acts as a competitive inhibitor of medium-chain acyl coenzyme A dehydrogenase (MCAD). This reagent is valuable for research applications focused on lipid metabolism and cannabinoid synthesis pathways.

Cat. No.

A73459

CAS No.

1949720-50-6

NADH disodium hydrate

Synonyms: Disodium NADH hydrate

NADH disodium hydrate serves as a reduced coenzyme, functioning primarily as an electron donor in various metabolic pathways. It is integral to cellular energy metabolism, facilitating key processes such as glycolysis, β-oxidation, and the tricarboxylic acid (TCA) cycle. Additionally, NADH disodium hydrate participates in ADP-ribosylation reactions as a donor of ADP-ribose units and acts as a precursor for cyclic ADP-ribose, making it valuable for research in energy dynamics and metabolic regulation.