Carbohydrates & Glycobiology

Cat. No.

A10858

CAS No.

50-70-4

D-Sorbitol

Synonyms: Sorbitol; D-Glucitol

D-Sorbitol is a six-carbon sugar alcohol primarily utilized as a sugar substitute. It exhibits humectant and thickening properties, making it suitable for use as a stabilizing excipient and isotonicity agent in various formulations. Additionally, D-Sorbitol serves as a dietary supplement, contributing to metabolic studies and applications in food science.

Cat. No.

A11881

CAS No.

4618-18-2

Lactulose

Synonyms: 4-O-β-D-Galactopyranosyl-D-fructose

Lactulose, a synthetic disaccharide comprised of galactose and fructose, primarily acts as an osmotic laxative. It increases the water content in the stool, facilitating bowel movements and alleviating constipation. Additionally, lactulose is utilized in the management of hepatic encephalopathy, as it helps reduce ammonia levels in the blood. This reagent is essential for research investigating gut health, metabolic disorders, and liver function.

Cat. No.

A17327

CAS No.

585-88-6

Maltitol

Maltitol is a sugar alcohol and polyol produced through the hydrogenation of maltose. It serves as a sucrose substitute with minimal impact on blood glucose levels, making it suitable for use in sugar-free and low-calorie formulations. Maltitol also demonstrates potential prebiotic effects, supporting gastrointestinal health and microbiome modulation. This compound is widely utilized in food, pharmaceutical, and dietary research applications.

Cat. No.

A17788

CAS No.

9004-61-9

Hyaluronic acid

Synonyms: Hyaluronan; Hyaluronate

Hyaluronic acid is a glycosaminoglycan that plays a critical role in the extracellular matrix (ECM). It is involved in various physiological processes, including tissue remodeling, cell proliferation, and wound healing. Elevated levels of hyaluronic acid are correlated with tumor growth, adhesion, migration, invasion, and angiogenesis, particularly in digestive cancers. Additionally, hyaluronic acid has been shown to activate the PI3K-Akt signaling pathway and enhances proteolytic MMP-9 binding, contributing to cancer-associated lymphangiogenesis. It serves as a valuable reagent for research in joint diseases, wound healing, and cancer therapeutics.

Cat. No.

A18247

CAS No.

9062-57-1

4-O-Methyl-α-D-glucurono-β-D-xylan

Synonyms: 4-O-methylglucuronoxylan

4-O-Methyl-α-D-glucurono-β-D-xylan is a biochemical assay reagent that serves as a complex carbohydrate with potential applications in glycoscience research. This compound can be utilized as a biological material in studies focusing on polysaccharide interactions and enzymatic activities. It provides valuable insights into the structural and functional properties of glycan-rich molecules in various biological systems.

Cat. No.

A18923

CAS No.

133-89-1

Uridine diphosphate glucose

Uridine diphosphate glucose is an important intermediate in several different metabolic pathways and biosynthetic reactions, including the biosynthesis of polysaccharides such as starch and glycogen, lipopolysaccharides, and glycosphingolipids.

Cat. No.

A33167

CAS No.

1398-61-4

Chitin, from crab carapace (powder),biomedical research grade

Chitin, derived from crab carapace, is a long-chain polymer of N-acetylglucosamine featuring β-(1-4) linkages. This biopolymer serves as a biochemical assay reagent and is noted for its ability to inhibit the activation of NF-κB p65, as well as alter its translocation to the nucleus. Chitin also interacts with the cell wall of Candida species, exhibiting antifungal and anti-inflammatory properties. It is valuable for research into gastric ulcers and candidiasis, contributing to the understanding of related pathophysiological processes.

Cat. No.

A33174

CAS No.

9012-76-4

Chitosan (≥95% deacetylated,viscosity 100-200 mPa.s)

Synonyms: Deacetylated chitin (≥95% deacetylated,viscosity 100-200 mPa.s); Poly(D-glucosamine) (≥95% deacetylated,viscosity 100-200 mPa.s)

Chitosan (≥95% deacetylated, viscosity 100-200 mPa.s) is a biopolymer derived from the deacetylation of chitin, targeting a wide range of microorganisms. It demonstrates notable antimicrobial properties against various bacteria and fungi, making it suitable for a variety of biochemical assays and applications. Its unique properties also lend themselves to research in drug delivery, wound healing, and food preservation.

Cat. No.

A38097

CAS No.

42927-46-8

D-Xylofuranose, 1,2,3,5-tetraacetate

D-Xylofuranose, 1,2,3,5-tetraacetate is a key raw material utilized in nucleotide synthesis. This compound serves as a versatile intermediate in various chemical reactions, playing a critical role in the production of nucleotides for research applications. Its structural features facilitate enzymatic reactions, making it valuable for biochemistry and molecular biology studies.

Cat. No.

A38764

CAS No.

3416-24-8

Glucosamine

Synonyms: D-Glucosamine; Chitosamine

Glucosamine is an amino sugar that serves as a vital precursor in the biochemical synthesis of glycosylated proteins and lipids. It plays a key role in the composition of glycosaminoglycans found in cartilage matrix and synovial fluid. Supplementation with glucosamine has demonstrated pharmacological effects on osteoarthritic cartilage and chondrocytes, making it beneficial for research focused on joint health and osteoarthritis-related studies.

Cat. No.

A39046

CAS No.

1296149-08-0

Glucosamine sulfate potassium chloride

Glucosamine sulfate potassium chloride is an amino sugar that serves as a critical precursor in the biosynthesis of glycosylated proteins and lipids. It is a natural component of glycosaminoglycans found in the cartilage matrix and synovial fluid. When administered exogenously, it demonstrates pharmacological effects on osteoarthritic cartilage and chondrocytes, making it valuable for research in cartilage health and joint function. This compound is frequently utilized in studies related to osteoarthritis and other conditions affecting cartilage.

Cat. No.

A39226

CAS No.

1296149-13-7

Glucosamine sulfate sodium chloride

Glucosamine sulfate sodium chloride is an amino sugar that serves as a key precursor in the biosynthesis of glycosylated proteins and lipids. It plays a critical role in the structure and function of glycosaminoglycans found in cartilage and synovial fluid. When administered, it demonstrates biological activity beneficial for osteoarthritic cartilage and chondrocytes, making it valuable in research related to joint health and degenerative cartilage diseases.

Cat. No.

A40740

CAS No.

1213701-11-1

Ac4ManNAz

Ac4ManNAz is a metabolic glycoprotein labeling reagent featuring an azide group that selectively modifies proteins. This compound is primarily utilized for cell labeling, tracking, and proteomic analysis, facilitating the study of glycosylation patterns. Ac4ManNAz can participate in copper-catalyzed azide-alkyne cycloaddition (CuAAc) reactions with alkyne-containing molecules, as well as in strain-promoted alkyne-azide cycloaddition (SPAAC) with DBCO or BCN groups, making it a versatile tool in chemical biology research.

Cat. No.

A43623

CAS No.

95-44-3

L-Threose (solution),0.5M

L-Threose (solution), 0.5M is a biochemical reagent comprising a 0.5 M concentration of L-Threose in aqueous solution. This compound serves as a substrate for Aldose Reductase, an enzyme involved in carbohydrate metabolism, and may play a role in preventing protein glycation. Its biological activity makes it relevant in studies focused on diabetes and associated complications.

Cat. No.

A44459

CAS No.

7240-90-6

X-GAL

Synonyms: BCIG

X-GAL is a chromogenic substrate for β-galactosidase that serves as a vital tool in molecular biology. Upon enzymatic cleavage by β-galactosidase, X-GAL is converted from a colorless state to a blue, insoluble product, facilitating the identification of recombinant bacterial colonies in blue-white screening applications. Additionally, X-GAL is utilized for quantifying β-galactosidase activity, making it an essential reagent in various cloning and gene expression studies.

Cat. No.

A44464

CAS No.

97753-82-7

5-Bromo-3-indolyl β-D-galactopyranoside

Synonyms: Bluo-Gal

5-Bromo-3-indolyl β-D-galactopyranoside is a chromogenic substrate specifically designed for β-galactosidase. Upon hydrolysis by the enzyme, it generates a 5-bromoindole intermediate that is oxidized to produce an insoluble blue precipitate, facilitating visual detection. This substrate effectively recognizes bacterial β-galactosidases, including those derived from the lacZ gene of Escherichia coli, and operates optimally at pH 7.4. Its applications include histochemical detection of reporter gene expression in transgenic organisms, enabling the localization of β-galactosidase activity in various tissues, such as mouse embryos and muscle samples.

Cat. No.

A44473

CAS No.

99792-79-7

Chlorophenol red-β-D-galactopyranoside

Synonyms: CPRG

Chlorophenol red-β-D-galactopyranoside is a specific chromogenic substrate for β-galactosidase, facilitating quantitative colorimetric assays. Initially appearing pale yellow, it undergoes hydrolysis by β-galactosidase to release chlorophenol red, resulting in a color shift to purple-red in alkaline or neutral pH environments. This chromatic change can be accurately measured at wavelengths of 540-572 nm using visible spectrophotometry, making it a valuable tool in various research applications involving β-galactosidase activity.

Cat. No.

A44497

CAS No.

23646-68-6

4-Nitrophenyl-N-acetyl-α-D-galactosaminide

Synonyms: pNP-GalNAc

4-Nitrophenyl-N-acetyl-α-D-galactosaminide is a chromogenic substrate specifically designed for the enzyme N-acetyl-D-galactosaminase. Upon cleavage by this enzyme, it produces a yellow solution that allows for quantitative measurement of enzyme activity through absorbance readings. This reagent is valuable for research applications involving enzyme assays and the characterization of glycosidases.

Cat. No.

A44498

CAS No.

2001-96-9

4-Nitrophenyl β-D-xylopyranoside

4-Nitrophenyl β-D-xylopyranoside is a chromogenic substrate specifically designed for the enzyme β-xylosidase. Upon hydrolysis by β-xylosidase, it produces a yellow chromophore, allowing for the quantification of enzyme activity. This reagent is widely used in research applications focused on enzyme kinetics and carbohydrate metabolism studies.

Cat. No.

A48485

CAS No.

488-44-8

Allitol

Synonyms: Allodulcitol

Allitol, a sugar alcohol also known as Allodulcitol, primarily exerts its effects through modulation of metabolic processes. It demonstrates significant anti-obesity and hypoglycemic activities, evidenced by reductions in total body fat mass and modifications in gut microbiota function. Allitol enhances cecal weight, surface area, and short-chain fatty acid production while upregulating microbial enzymes associated with butyrate metabolism. This compound is valuable for research focused on obesity and diabetes management.

Cat. No.

A49337

CAS No.

4675-90-5

Sulfacarbamide sodium

Synonyms: Sulfanilylurea sodium; Urosulfan sodium

Sulfacarbamide sodium is a sulfonamide compound that primarily acts as a blood sugar-lowering agent. It exhibits significant antidiabetic properties by stimulating insulin release from pancreatic beta-cells, thereby reducing blood glucose levels. This reagent is valuable for research applications focused on diabetes management and understanding the mechanisms of glucose homeostasis.

Cat. No.

A51184

CAS No.

169516-60-3

6-Chloro-7-deazapurine-2F-β-D-arabinofuranose

6-Chloro-7-deazapurine-2F-β-D-arabinofuranose is a nucleoside derivative known for its potential as an antiviral agent. This compound exhibits activity against hepatitis C virus infection, making it a valuable tool for antiviral research. Its structure allows for the synthesis of novel therapeutics aimed at combating viral pathogens.

Cat. No.

A56986

CAS No.

11078-30-1

D-Galacto-D-mannan, 95%

Synonyms: Carob galactomannan; 95%

D-Galacto-D-mannan is a plant cell wall polysaccharide derived from Ceratonia siliqua, primarily utilized as a biochemical assay reagent. It demonstrates significant properties in biological applications, including its role in the study of cellular interactions and signaling pathways. This compound is particularly valuable in research focused on plant biology and cell wall characterization.

Cat. No.

A57635

CAS No.

488-82-4

D-Arabitol

D-Arabitol is a furanose sugar alcohol that acts as an orally active D-enantiomer. It modulates gut microbiota composition, enhances the production of short-chain fatty acids, and promotes the AMPK-PGC-1α pathway, leading to the browning of white adipose tissue. This compound demonstrates significant effects on weight gain, fat accumulation, insulin sensitivity, lipid deposition, and inflammatory responses. D-Arabitol also serves as the sole carbon and energy source for Bacillus methanolicus MGA3, making it valuable for research in obesity and metabolic disorders.

Cat. No.

A65464

CAS No.

562043-82-7

2-O-β-D-Glucopyranosyl-L-ascorbic acid

Synonyms: AA-2βG

2-O-β-D-Glucopyranosyl-L-ascorbic acid is a vitamin C derivative that acts as a potent antioxidant. This compound exhibits diverse biological activities, including anti-tumor and immunomodulatory effects, by promoting apoptosis in tumor cells and inducing cell cycle arrest while scavenging free radicals to alleviate oxidative stress. It is valuable for research in cancer, inflammation, and immune system modulation.