Impurities & Reference Standards

Cat. No.

A53920

CAS No.

64419-92-7

Necrostatin-1 (inactive control)

Synonyms: Nec-1 (inactive control)

Necrostatin-1 (inactive control) is an inactive analog of the potent necroptosis inhibitor Necrostatin-1. This compound serves as a negative control in research studies involving necroptosis mechanisms, allowing for the differentiation between specific and non-specific effects in cellular assays. It is crucial for validating experimental results and ensuring the reliability of data related to necroptosis and cell death pathways.

Cat. No.

A54008

CAS No.

153538-08-0

(Rac)-Plevitrexed

Synonyms: (Rac)-ZD 9331; (Rac)-BGC9331

(Rac)-Plevitrexed is a potent inhibitor of thymidylate synthase (TS) and serves as a racemic mixture of Plevitrexed. This compound exhibits significant biological activity in cancer research due to its ability to impede DNA synthesis by disrupting folate metabolism. Additionally, (Rac)-Plevitrexed features an alkyne group, enabling its application in click chemistry for copper-catalyzed azide-alkyne cycloaddition (CuAAc), making it a valuable tool for bioconjugation and labeling studies in biochemical research.

Cat. No.

A54401

CAS No.

437982-90-6

(R)-PHA533533

(R)-PHA533533 is the inactive enantiomer of (S)-PHA533533, which acts as a cyclin-dependent kinase 2 (CDK2) inhibitor with identified antitumor activity. This compound serves as a necessary control in biochemical assays aimed at studying the specific effects of the active enantiomer on cell proliferation and cancer progression. Research utilizing (R)-PHA533533 can provide insights into the stereospecificity and selectivity of CDK2 inhibitors in cancer therapy.

Cat. No.

A56930

CAS No.

1996673-44-9

(Rac)-IBR120

(Rac)-IBR120 is a racemic mixture of IBR120, a potent inhibitor of RAD51. This compound exhibits significant growth inhibition in MDA-MB-468 cells, making it a valuable tool for studying aggressive cancer types, particularly triple-negative breast cancer. Researchers can utilize (Rac)-IBR120 to explore therapeutic strategies targeting DNA repair mechanisms in challenging malignancies.

Cat. No.

A59086

CAS No.

1212421-96-9

(S)-TXNIP-IN-1

(S)-TXNIP-IN-1 is the less active S-enantiomer of the TXNIP-TRX complex inhibitor TXNIP-IN-1. This compound is primarily utilized in research focused on metabolic disorders associated with TXNIP-TRX interactions, such as diabetes, cardiovascular diseases, and inflammatory conditions. Its role in modulating the TXNIP-TRX complex makes it a valuable reagent for investigating the underlying mechanisms of these diseases.

Cat. No.

A65805

CAS No.

108923-79-1

U0124

U0124 is an inactive analog of U0126, specifically designed as a MEK inhibitor. This compound demonstrates no effect on the protein or mRNA levels of c-Fos and c-Jun, confirming its inactive status. U0124 has been shown not to inhibit MEK activity at concentrations up to 100 μM, making it a valuable tool for experimental control in studies involving MEK pathways.

Cat. No.

A65911

CAS No.

319-78-8

D-Isoleucine

Synonyms: (R)-Isoleucine

D-Isoleucine is a selective competitive activator of the Asc-1 antiporter, exhibiting a Ki value of 0.98 mM. By binding to the Asc-1 protein on neuronal cell membranes, D-Isoleucine facilitates the release of D-serine and glycine, thereby enhancing NMDA receptor-dependent synaptic plasticity. This compound is relevant in the study of neurodegenerative diseases, including Alzheimer's disease and schizophrenia. Additionally, D-Isoleucine serves as a non-classical D-amino acid, disrupting bacterial peptidoglycan synthesis and inhibiting biofilm formation in Staphylococcus aureus, suggesting its potential utility in antibacterial research.

Cat. No.

A65918

CAS No.

2994330-89-9

(R)-KMH-233

(R)-KMH-233 is an isomer of KMH-233, serving as a valuable experimental control in research applications. This compound acts as a potent, reversible, and selective inhibitor of the L-type amino acid transporter 1 (LAT1), effectively reducing the uptake of its substrate, L-leucine, with an IC50 value of 18 μM. In addition, (R)-KMH-233 enhances the efficacy of chemotherapeutic agents such as Bestatin and Cisplatin, demonstrating significant activity even at low concentrations (25 μM).

Cat. No.

A66099

CAS No.

2751591-42-9

(S)-TROX-1

(S)-TROX-1 is the S-enantiomer of the selective N-type calcium channel (Cav2.2) inhibitor, TROX-1, exhibiting an IC50 value of 0.11 μM. This compound demonstrates state-dependent and use-dependent inhibition, effectively targeting open and inactivated channels to block depolarization-associated calcium influx in rat dorsal root ganglion neurons. (S)-TROX-1 is particularly relevant for research focused on pain mechanisms, reversing inflammatory-induced hyperalgesia and nerve injury-induced allodynia.

Cat. No.

A68532

CAS No.

186694-45-1

(R)-Eslicarbazepine acetate

Synonyms: BIA 2-059; (R)-Licarbazepine acetate

(R)-Eslicarbazepine acetate is the R-enantiomer of Eslicarbazepine acetate, which functions primarily as an antiepileptic agent. This compound acts as a dual inhibitor of β-Secretase and voltage-gated sodium channels, contributing to its therapeutic efficacy in controlling seizures. It serves as a valuable tool for research in epilepsy and neurodegenerative disorders.

Cat. No.

A69938

CAS No.

118949-22-7

(Rac)-Vorozole

Synonyms: (Rac)-R83842

(Rac)-Vorozole is a racemic mixture of Vorozole, a potent and selective non-steroidal aromatase inhibitor. This compound effectively inhibits the aromatase enzyme, which is crucial for estrogen biosynthesis, making it valuable in the research of hormone-dependent conditions such as breast cancer. Its oral bioavailability enhances its utility in preclinical studies investigating the modulation of estrogen levels for therapeutic applications.

Cat. No.

A70545

CAS No.

2742899-98-3

(S)-Dehydro Venlafaxine

(S)-Dehydro Venlafaxine is the S-enantiomer of Dehydro Venlafaxine, an impurity of Venlafaxine hydrochloride. While it lacks direct pharmacological activity, it serves as a valuable reference standard for analytical and research purposes. Dehydro Venlafaxine is known for its role as a potent dual inhibitor of serotonin (5-HT) and norepinephrine (NE) reuptake, making this compound relevant for studies focusing on antidepressant mechanisms and drug development.

Cat. No.

A71508

CAS No.

498-24-8

Mesaconic acid

Synonyms: Citronic acid; Methylfumaric acid

Mesaconic acid is a competitive inhibitor of fumarate reduction, demonstrating its primary mechanism in biochemical pathways. This compound exhibits significant biological activity, particularly in the context of cellular metabolism and energy production. Its role as a fire retardant further extends its applications in both research and industrial settings, making it a valuable reagent for studies in metabolic regulation and chemical safety.

Cat. No.

A74950

CAS No.

1191996-10-7

(S,S)-Sinogliatin

Synonyms: (S,S)-HMS-5552; (S,S)-RO-5305552

(S,S)-Sinogliatin is the (S,S)-enantiomer of the glucokinase activator Sinogliatin, specifically targeting glucokinase to enhance its activity. This compound demonstrates significant potential in the modulation of glucose metabolism, making it a valuable tool for research applications related to type 2 diabetes. Its use can aid in investigating the therapeutic mechanisms underlying glucose homeostasis and pancreatic function.

Cat. No.

A76657

CAS No.

1428652-16-7

(S)-Baxdrostat

Synonyms: (S)-CIN-107

(S)-Baxdrostat is the S-enantiomer of Baxdrostat, an aldosterone synthase inhibitor. This compound exhibits significant biological activity in modulating aldosterone levels, making it relevant for research on hypertension and cardiovascular disorders. Its mechanistic action provides a valuable tool for investigating endocrine regulation and potential therapeutic interventions in related conditions.

Cat. No.

A77087

CAS No.

1914971-16-6

PHGDH-inactive

PHGDH-inactive is a non-active control designed to assess the specificity of experimental results involving PHGDH inhibitors such as NCT-502 and NCT-503. As a negative control, this reagent does not interact with the PHGDH enzyme, ensuring the reliability of data in studies aimed at understanding the role of PHGDH in metabolic pathways. Utilizing PHGDH-inactive aids in differentiating compound effects and validating experimental findings in biochemical research.

Cat. No.

A77431

CAS No.

852547-30-9

PKR Inhibitor, negative control

PKR Inhibitor, negative control is an inactive structural analog of RNA-dependent protein kinase (PKR) inhibitor, serving as a reliable negative control in experimental settings. Although it does not exhibit inhibition of PKR activity, it has been shown to inhibit lipopolysaccharide-induced neuronal death, thereby demonstrating notable neuroprotective effects. This reagent is particularly useful for validating the specificity of PKR-targeted experiments and studying neuroprotection mechanisms.

Cat. No.

A89762

CAS No.

153537-74-7

(R)-Plevitrexed

Synonyms: (R)-ZD 9331; (R)-BGC9331

(R)-Plevitrexed is a enantiomer of Plevitrexed, targeting thymidylate synthase (TS) as a potent inhibitor. While exhibiting reduced biological activity compared to its counterpart, (R)-Plevitrexed serves as a valuable click chemistry reagent due to its alkyne group. It is capable of undergoing copper-catalyzed azide-alkyne cycloaddition (CuAAc), facilitating efficient labeling and conjugation in various biological research applications.

Cat. No.

A95691

CAS No.

1419320-93-6

4-Sulfo-N-(4-aminobenzyl)-1,8-naphthalimide potassium

4-Sulfo-N-(4-aminobenzyl)-1,8-naphthalimide potassium is a structural analog of 1,8-naphthalimide designed to serve as a negative control in research settings. This compound does not exhibit biological activity, making it an ideal reference for assessing the specificity of clathrin inhibitors, such as 3-Sulfo-N-benzyl-1,8-naphthalimide, potassium salt. Its use in experimental protocols helps validate findings related to clathrin-mediated endocytosis and other related molecular processes.

Cat. No.

B10814

CAS No.

1858282-76-4

(S)-Subasumstat

Synonyms: (S)-TAK-981

(S)-Subasumstat is the isomer of Subasumstat (TAK-981), a selective inhibitor of the SUMOylation enzymatic cascade. This compound exhibits potential immune-activating and antineoplastic activities, making it a valuable tool in cancer research. Its ability to modulate SUMOylation pathways opens new avenues for investigating therapies targeting malignant tumors and immune responses.

Cat. No.

B10839

CAS No.

259200-31-2

(2S,3R)-Brassinazole

(2S,3R)-Brassinazole is a selective inhibitor of brassinosteroid (BR) biosynthesis, primarily targeting the oxidative conversion of 6-oxo-campestanol to teasterone. This enantiomer exhibits significant biological activity, potentially representing the most effective form of brassinazole in regulating plant growth and development. Research applications include investigations into hormone signaling pathways and the elucidation of brassinosteroid functions in various biological processes.

Cat. No.

B10846

CAS No.

2517682-14-1

(R)-NVS-ZP7-4

(R)-NVS-ZP7-4 is a selective inhibitor of the zinc transporter SLC39A7 (ZIP7) and represents the R-isomer of NVS-ZP7-4. This compound is a valuable tool for investigating the modulation of endoplasmic reticulum (ER) zinc levels and elucidating the role of ZIP7 in the Notch signaling pathway. Its biological activity allows for advanced research into cellular zinc homeostasis and its implications in various physiological processes.

Cat. No.

B10848

CAS No.

2328064-33-9

(rac)-Lomedeucitinib

Synonyms: (rac)-BMS-986322

(rac)-Lomedeucitinib is a racemic mixture that functions primarily as a selective inhibitor of the tyrosine protein kinase 2 (TYK2). This compound exhibits potent anti-inflammatory effects, specifically inhibiting interferon-alpha production with an IC50 value of 0.047 μM, thereby modulating immune responses. Its biological activity makes it suitable for research applications related to plaque psoriasis and pruritus, facilitating investigations into therapeutic interventions for these conditions.

Cat. No.

B10853

CAS No.

2003228-82-6

(S)-ARI-1

(S)-ARI-1 is the S-enantiomer of ARI-1, a selective inhibitor of the receptor tyrosine kinase ROR1. This compound is known to induce apoptosis and shows significant potential in the investigation of non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). Its ability to modulate ROR1 activity makes it a valuable tool for studying cancer cell signaling and therapeutic strategies in oncology research.

Cat. No.

B10858

CAS No.

1428652-15-6

(Rac)-Baxdrostat

Synonyms: (Rac)-CIN-107

(Rac)-Baxdrostat is an isomer of Baxdrostat, primarily acting as an aldosterone synthase inhibitor. This compound serves as an experimental control in research studies aimed at understanding aldosterone regulation and its implications in various physiological and pathological conditions. Its biological activity makes it a valuable tool for exploring the effects of aldosterone modulation in both endocrine and cardiovascular research applications.