Assay Controls & Cell Stimulation

Cat. No.

A13930

CAS No.

477-30-5

Demecolcine

Synonyms: NSC-3096; Kolchicin; C-12669

Demecolcine is a potent tubulin inhibitor that effectively disrupts microtubule polymerization, exhibiting an IC50 value of 2.4 μM. By binding to tubulin dimers, Demecolcine exerts anti-mitotic effects, hindering cellular division. This compound is primarily utilized in research related to inflammatory disorders and various cancer pathways, making it valuable for studies focused on cell cycle regulation and targeted therapies.

Cat. No.

A14000

CAS No.

1404-19-9

Oligomycin

Oligomycin is a macrolide that acts as a specific inhibitor of the mitochondrial ATP-synthase and blocks oxidative phosphorylation.

Cat. No.

A14279

CAS No.

500-44-7

L-Mimosine

Synonyms: Leucenol

L-Mimosine is a non-protein amino acid, and acts as an iron chelator.

Cat. No.

A16340

CAS No.

161401-82-7

Z-VAD(OH)-FMK

Synonyms: Caspase Inhibitor VI

Z-VAD(OH)-FMK is an irreversible tripeptide inhibitor of all caspases.

Cat. No.

A16478

CAS No.

154-17-6

2-Deoxy-D-glucose

Synonyms: 2-Deoxy-D-arabino-hexose; D-Arabino-2-deoxyhexose

2-Deoxy-D-glucose is a glucose analog that acts as a competitive inhibitor of glucose metabolism, inhibiting glycolysis via its actions on hexokinase.

Cat. No.

A16545

CAS No.

370-86-5

FCCP

Synonyms: Trifluoromethoxy carbonylcyanide phenylhydrazone

FCCP is an ionophore that is a mobile ion carrier. It is a potent uncoupler of oxidative phosphorylation in mitochondria that disrupts ATP synthesis by transporting protons across cell membranes.

Cat. No.

A17423

CAS No.

50-89-5

Thymidine

Synonyms: AI3-52267

Thymidine is a nucleoside in which THYMINE is linked to DEOXYRIBOSE. Thymidine is a DNA synthesis inhibitor that can arrest cell at G1/S boundary, prior to DNA replication.

Cat. No.

A17982

CAS No.

34369-07-8

ATP disodium salt hydrate

Synonyms: Adenosine 5'-triphosphate disodium salt hydrate

ATP disodium salt hydrate (Adenosine 5'-triphosphate disodium salt hydrate) is an essential endogenous metabolite involved in cellular energy storage and metabolism. It functions as a primary energy currency, powering metabolic processes and serving as a coenzyme in various biochemical reactions. Additionally, ATP disodium salt hydrate plays a critical role in cellular signaling pathways related to immune responses and inflammation, making it a valuable reagent for research in these areas.

Cat. No.

A21370

CAS No.

56092-82-1

Ionomycin calcium

Synonyms: SQ23377 calcium; SQ 23377

Ionomycin calcium (SQ23377 calcium) is a potent, selective calcium ionophore and an antibiotic produced by Streptomyces conglobatus.

Cat. No.

A21611

CAS No.

56092-81-0

Ionomycin

Synonyms: SQ23377

Ionomycin (SQ23377) is a potent, selective calcium ionophore and an antibiotic produced by Streptomyces conglobatus.

Cat. No.

A21960

CAS No.

1784-03-8

TAME hydrochloride

TAME hydrochloride is an inhibitor of anaphase-promoting complex/cyclosome (APC/C or APC), which binds to APC/C and prevents its activation by Cdc20 and Cdh1, produces mitotic arrest.

Cat. No.

A24102

CAS No.

28380-24-7

Nigericin

Nigericin is an antibiotic derived from Streptomyces hygroscopicus that act as a K+/H+ ionophore, promoting K+/H+ exchange across mitochondrial membranes. Nigericin is a NLRP3 activator. Nigericin shows promising anti-cancer activities through decreasing intracellular pH (pHi), and inactivation of Wnt/β-catenin signals. Nigericin induces pyroptosis through caspase 1/GSDMD in TNBC.

Cat. No.

A24147

CAS No.

38966-21-1

Aphidicolin

Aphidicolin is a tetracyclic diterpenoid antibiotic produced by the mold Cephalosporium aphidicola, known for its potent and selective inhibition of DNA polymerase α and δ. By interfering with these polymerases, Aphidicolin blocks DNA synthesis and prevents mitotic cell division, making it a valuable tool for studying cell cycle regulation and DNA replication. In addition to its antiproliferative properties, Aphidicolin inhibits viral DNA synthesis and demonstrates antiviral activity against herpes simplex virus and orthopoxviruses. It also enhances apoptosis induced by arabinosyl nucleosides in human promyelocytic leukemia cells, suggesting potential in combination therapies for cancer and viral infections. Aphidicolin is widely used in research involving DNA replication stress, antiviral mechanisms, and cell cycle synchronization.

Cat. No.

A24298

CAS No.

56-65-5

ATP

Synonyms: Adenosine 5'-triphosphate

ATP (Adenosine 5'-triphosphate) is a central component of energy storage and metabolism in vivo. ATP provides the metabolic energy to drive metabolic pumps and serves as a coenzyme in cells. ATP is an important endogenous signaling molecule in immunity and inflammation. ATP can activate the NLRP3 inflammasome and induce IL-1β and chemokines secretion. ATP has anti-bacterial infection effects and can protect mice against bacterial infection in mice.

Cat. No.

A24458

CAS No.

74804-12-9

ATP dimagnesium

Synonyms: Adenosine 5'-triphosphate dimagnesium

ATP (Adenosine 5'-triphosphate) dimagnesium is a key molecule in cellular energy storage and metabolism. It supplies metabolic energy for ion pumps and other enzymatic processes and functions as a coenzyme in numerous cellular reactions. Additionally, ATP dimagnesium acts as an important endogenous signaling molecule involved in immune and inflammatory responses.

Cat. No.

A27071

CAS No.

1538593-71-3

Piperazine Erastin

Piperazine Erastin is a ferroptosis inducer that triggers an iron-dependent form of non-apoptotic cell death. This compound is instrumental in cancer research, providing valuable insights into the mechanisms of ferroptosis and potential therapeutic applications in oncology. Its unique action offers a powerful tool for studying cellular metabolism and death pathways in various cancer models.

Cat. No.

A31271

CAS No.

17090-79-8

Monensin

Synonyms: Monensin A

Monensin, a polyether antibiotic, functions primarily as an ionophore that mediates Na+/H+ exchange. It has been identified as a potent inhibitor of Wnt signaling, leading to significant enlargement of multivesicular bodies (MVBs) and modulating exosome secretion. This compound is utilized in research focused on bacterial, fungal, and parasitic infections, and it also exhibits anticancer properties, making it a valuable tool in various biological studies.

Cat. No.

A33158

CAS No.

11089-65-9

Tunicamycin

Tunicamycin is an ER stress inducer that inhibits N-linked glycosylation by blocking GlcNAc phosphotransferase (GPT). This action leads to the accumulation of unfolded proteins within the endoplasmic reticulum, resulting in ER stress, DNA synthesis inhibition, and G1 phase cell cycle arrest. Additionally, Tunicamycin exhibits antimicrobial activity against gram-positive bacteria, yeasts, fungi, and viruses while demonstrating anti-cancer potential. Notably, it also enhances exosome release in cervical cancer cells, making it valuable for research in cancer biology and cellular stress response pathways.

Cat. No.

A35238

CAS No.

118-42-3

Hydroxychloroquine

Hydroxychloroquine is a synthetic antimalarial agent primarily targeting the inhibition of autophagic flux. Its key biological activities include modulating immune responses and displaying antiviral properties against pathogens, such as the SARS-CoV-2 virus. Hydroxychloroquine is widely utilized in research focused on malaria, autoimmune diseases like systemic lupus erythematosus and rheumatoid arthritis, as well as investigating TLR7/9 signaling pathways.

Cat. No.

A35278

CAS No.

3545-67-3

Chloroquine dihydrochloride

Chloroquine dihydrochloride is an antimalarial agent that primarily targets and inhibits autophagy and Toll-like receptors (TLRs). It is widely utilized in the treatment of malaria and rheumatoid arthritis, demonstrating significant anti-inflammatory properties. Additionally, chloroquine dihydrochloride exhibits efficacy against SARS-CoV-2 in vitro, with an EC50 value of 1.13 μM, making it a valuable compound for research in infectious diseases and immune response modulation.

Cat. No.

A46173

CAS No.

63597-44-4

4α-TPA

Synonyms: α-TPA

4α-TPA is an inactive analog of TPA, serving as a negative control in TPA-mediated experiments. This reagent is critical for distinguishing specific TPA-activated events from non-specific responses in biological assays. It aids researchers in validating experimental outcomes related to TPA signaling pathways and discerning the effects of TPA on various cellular processes.

Cat. No.

A53920

CAS No.

64419-92-7

Necrostatin-1 (inactive control)

Synonyms: Nec-1 (inactive control)

Necrostatin-1 (inactive control) is an inactive analog of the potent necroptosis inhibitor Necrostatin-1. This compound serves as a negative control in research studies involving necroptosis mechanisms, allowing for the differentiation between specific and non-specific effects in cellular assays. It is crucial for validating experimental results and ensuring the reliability of data related to necroptosis and cell death pathways.

Cat. No.

A54125

CAS No.

571189-11-2

Palbociclib hydrochloride

Synonyms: PD-0332991 hydrochloride

Palbociclib hydrochloride is a selective inhibitor of cyclin-dependent kinases CDK4 and CDK6, with IC50 values of 11 nM and 16 nM, respectively. This compound demonstrates significant anti-proliferative activity, effectively inducing cell cycle arrest in malignant cells. Palbociclib hydrochloride is utilized in research focused on HR-positive and HER2-negative breast cancer as well as hepatocellular carcinoma, making it a valuable tool for understanding tumor biology and therapeutic responses.

Cat. No.

A54271

CAS No.

1831842-69-3

Palbociclib dihydrochloride

Synonyms: PD-0332991 dihydrochloride

Palbociclib dihydrochloride is a selective inhibitor of cyclin-dependent kinases 4 and 6 (CDK4/6) with IC50 values of 11 nM and 16 nM, respectively. This compound exhibits significant anti-proliferative effects and induces cell cycle arrest in various cancer cell lines. It is particularly relevant for research applications in hormone receptor-positive and HER2-negative breast cancer, as well as hepatocellular carcinoma, providing insights into tumor growth regulation and potential therapeutic strategies.

Cat. No.

A71202

CAS No.

51963-61-2

ATP disodium trihydrate

Synonyms: Adenosine-5'-triphosphate disodium trihydrate

ATP disodium trihydrate functions as a critical endogenous metabolite involved in energy storage and metabolism. As a primary energy source, it powers metabolic processes and acts as a coenzyme in various cellular reactions. Additionally, ATP disodium trihydrate plays a vital role in signaling pathways associated with immune responses and inflammation, making it an essential reagent for studies in cellular biology and biochemistry.