Buffers, Detergents & Protease Inhibitors

Cat. No.

A47557

CAS No.

223763-80-2

Bestatin trifluoroacetate

Synonyms: Ubenimex trifluoroacetate

Bestatin trifluoroacetate is a potent inhibitor of CD13 (Aminopeptidase N) and leukotriene A4 hydrolase. It plays a significant role in cancer research by modulating enzymatic activity associated with tumor progression and inflammation. With its capability to interfere with amino acid metabolism, Bestatin trifluoroacetate is valuable for studying the biological processes linked to these targets.

Cat. No.

A47901

CAS No.

6381-92-6

Ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid disodium dihydrate

Synonyms: EDTA disodium dihydrate

Ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid disodium dihydrate is a metal chelator that effectively binds bivalent and trivalent metal cations, such as calcium. With notable antibacterial, anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, and anticoagulant properties, this compound mitigates metal ion-catalyzed oxidative damage to proteins and helps maintain a reducing environment during protein purification. Additionally, it demonstrates potential therapeutic effects in liver fibrosis and is applicable in research related to coronary artery disease and neurological disorders.

Cat. No.

A48091

CAS No.

64-02-8

Ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid tetrasodium

Synonyms: EDTA tetrasodium

Ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid tetrasodium (EDTA tetrasodium) is a potent metal chelator that binds to bivalent and trivalent metal cations, including calcium. This compound exhibits various biological activities, including antibacterial, anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, and anticoagulant effects. EDTA tetrasodium mitigates metal ion-catalyzed oxidative damage to proteins and supports a reducing environment during protein purification processes. Its application extends to research in liver fibrosis, coronary artery disease, and neurological disorders, making it a valuable tool in biochemical studies.

Cat. No.

A48601

CAS No.

10378-23-1

Ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid sodium hydrate

Synonyms: EDTA sodium hydrate

Ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid sodium hydrate is a metal chelator that effectively binds to bivalent and trivalent metal cations, including calcium. It exhibits significant biological activities such as antibacterial, anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, anti-hypercalcemic, and anticoagulant properties. This compound is particularly useful in mitigating metal ion-catalyzed oxidative damage to proteins, thus facilitating the maintenance of a reducing environment during protein purification. Ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid sodium hydrate is also investigated for its potential therapeutic effects in studies related to liver fibrosis, coronary artery disease, and neurological disorders.

Cat. No.

A57346

CAS No.

29915-38-6

TAPS

TAPS is an aminosulfonate compound that acts as a lysozyme stabilizer and connexin channel inhibitor. It preserves the native conformation of lysozyme in aqueous solutions at pH 7.0 and protects against heat-induced denaturation. Additionally, TAPS inhibits the activity of heteromeric connexin 32/connexin 26 channels (Cx32/Cx26) through its protonated form, demonstrating a dependency on connexin 26. This compound is valuable for studying connexin channel function and solute exchange in liposomal systems, making it a critical tool in biochemical and cellular research.

Cat. No.

A77651

CAS No.

618-39-3

Benzamidine

Benzamidine is a competitive protease inhibitor targeting enzymes such as plasmin, trypsin, and thrombin, effectively preventing the hydrolytic cleavage of glucagon. It is primarily employed to stabilize glucagon in human plasma and blood samples during collection, storage, and analysis, thereby ensuring accurate detection outcomes in research applications. While Benzamidine can induce slight single-strand DNA breaks at elevated concentrations, it demonstrates minimal overall genotoxicity. Additionally, it may interfere with certain glucagon antisera, although it does not significantly impact the affinity of key antigen-antibody interactions at specific concentrations.

Cat. No.

A77657

CAS No.

206752-36-5

Benzamidine hydrochloride hydrate

Synonyms: Benzenecarboximidamide hydrochloride hydrate

Benzamidine hydrochloride hydrate is a reversible competitive inhibitor of serine proteases, specifically targeting trypsin-like enzymes. It exhibits inhibitory constants (Kis) of 20 μM for Tryptase, 21 μM for Trypsin, 97 μM for uPA, 110 μM for Factor Xa, 320 μM for Thrombin, and 750 μM for tPA. This compound is widely utilized in biochemical research to study proteolytic processes and enzyme activity related to various physiological and pathological conditions.

Cat. No.

A78228

CAS No.

16052-06-5

HEPPS

Synonyms: EPPS

HEPPS is a buffering agent with an effective pH range of 7.3 to 8.7. This compound has demonstrated the ability to reduce amyloid beta (Aβ) aggregate-induced memory deficits and improve cognitive functions in murine models. HEPPS is orally active and capable of crossing the blood-brain barrier, making it valuable for neuroscience research.

Cat. No.

A86379

CAS No.

3483-12-3

DL-dithiothreitol

Synonyms: DTT; rel-(2R,3R)-1,4-Dimercapto-2,3-butanediol

DL-dithiothreitol (DTT) is a potent reducing agent that serves to maintain and stabilize the reduced state of thiol groups in proteins and peptides. By cleaving disulfide bonds, DTT effectively prevents oxidative stress and supports protein folding, making it essential in various biochemical assays. This reagent is widely utilized in the fields of protein biochemistry, molecular biology, and cell culture, where it aids in the preparation and analysis of sensitive biological samples.

Cat. No.

A86381

CAS No.

367-93-1

IPTG

Synonyms: Isopropyl β-D-thiogalactoside

IPTG (Isopropyl β-D-1-thiogalactopyranoside) acts as a molecular mimic of allolactose and serves as an inducer of the lac operon. This compound effectively triggers transcription in systems where gene expression is regulated by the lac operator, enabling controlled protein expression in biological research. IPTG is widely utilized in molecular biology and recombinant protein studies to regulate the activity of target genes within prokaryotic expression systems.

Cat. No.

A86384

CAS No.

67-42-5

EGTA

EGTA is a highly specific calcium ion chelator that operates by binding calcium ions with an apparent dissociation constant (Kd) of 60.5 nM at physiological pH (7.4). Its strong selectivity for Ca2+ over Mg2+ (with a Kd for Mg2+ ranging from 1-10 mM) makes it particularly valuable in research involving calcium signaling. EGTA is effective in inhibiting the substrate adherence capacity of inflammatory macrophages, making it useful in studying inflammatory responses and various cellular processes.

Cat. No.

A86403

CAS No.

7365-45-9

HEPES

HEPES, a zwitterionic buffer, is widely utilized in cell culture applications due to its ability to maintain stable pH levels in the range of 6.8 to 8.2. This nonvolatile buffering agent plays a significant role in enhancing cellular environments. Additionally, HEPES is recognized for its capacity to induce lysosome biogenesis, making it valuable for studies related to cellular metabolism and organelle dynamics.

Cat. No.

A86410

CAS No.

9005-64-5

Tween 20

Synonyms: Polysorbate 20

Tween 20, also known as Polysorbate 20, is a polyoxyethylene-based nonionic surfactant. It is commonly utilized to enhance solubility and stability of various compounds in aqueous solutions. Tween 20 is frequently applied in biochemical assays, protein purification processes, and as an emulsifying agent in cell culture applications. Its ability to reduce surface tension makes it valuable in formulating pharmaceuticals and cosmetic products.

Cat. No.

A86411

CAS No.

4432-31-9

MES

Synonyms: 2-Morpholinoethanesulphonic acid

MES (2-Morpholinoethanesulphonic acid) is an amphoteric ion buffer effective in the pH range of 5.5 to 7.0. This Good's buffer is commonly utilized in various biochemical and molecular biology applications, including cell culture, enzyme activity assays, electrophoresis, and protein analysis. Its stability and compatibility make it an essential reagent for maintaining pH in sensitive biological systems.

Cat. No.

A86437

CAS No.

1132-61-2

MOPS

MOPS (3-(N-morpholino)propanesulfonic acid) functions as a buffering agent, primarily employed to maintain stable pH levels in mammalian cell culture media. Its effectiveness in biological systems allows for optimal conditions during experimental procedures. Additionally, MOPS enhances the thermal stability of proteins such as bovine serum albumin (BSA), making it useful for various biochemical applications and assays.

Cat. No.

A86441

CAS No.

145224-94-8

MES monohydrate

Synonyms: 2-Morpholinoethanesulphonic acid monohydrate

MES monohydrate (2-Morpholinoethanesulphonic acid) serves as an amphoteric ion buffer with an effective pH range of 5.5 to 7.0. Known as a Good's buffer, it is extensively utilized in biochemistry and molecular biology applications, including cell culture, enzyme activity assays, electrophoresis, and protein analysis. Its compatibility with biological systems makes it an essential reagent for maintaining optimal experimental conditions.

Cat. No.

A86445

CAS No.

369-07-3

ONPG

Synonyms: 2-Nitrophenyl β-D-galactopyranoside

ONPG (o-nitrophenyl-β-D-galactopyranoside) serves as a colorimetric and spectrophotometric substrate for β-galactosidase detection. This compound is hydrolyzed by β-galactosidase to release o-nitrophenol, resulting in a measurable color change, making it useful for quantifying enzyme activity in various biological assays. Its applications extend to molecular biology, microbiology, and enzymology research, facilitating studies on gene expression and metabolic functions.

Cat. No.

A86451

CAS No.

5625-37-6

PIPES

Synonyms: 1,4-Piperazinediethanesulfonic acid

PIPES (1,4-Piperazinediethanesulfonic acid) serves as a buffering agent primarily used to maintain stable pH conditions in biochemical and molecular biology experiments. It effectively buffers in the physiological pH range, making it suitable for studies involving enzymatic reactions, cell culture, and protein interactions. PIPES is particularly valuable in applications where minimal ionic strength alteration is crucial, thereby supporting reliable experimental outcomes.

Cat. No.

A86457

CAS No.

6976-37-0

Bis-Tris

Bis-Tris is an amine buffer effective for protein and nucleic acid systems, functioning within a pH range of 5.8 to 7.2. It can be combined with HEPES and cacodylic acid to achieve a pH of 8, facilitating the monitoring of fluorescence emission intensity at 305 nm. Additionally, gels prepared with Bis-Tris minimize protein degradation in samples maintained at higher pH levels (pH 8.5), making it a valuable reagent for various biochemical assays and analytical applications.

Cat. No.

A86470

CAS No.

139-33-3

EDTA disodium

Synonyms: Ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid disodium

EDTA disodium, or ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid disodium, functions as a versatile chelating agent that effectively binds metal ions such as calcium, magnesium, and iron. Its primary applications include use as a reagent in biochemical and biomedical research, serving as a stabilizer in pharmaceuticals, and acting as a preservative in food and beverage products. Additionally, EDTA disodium has been investigated for its potential therapeutic effects in conditions such as heavy metal toxicity and cardiovascular diseases.

Cat. No.

A86500

CAS No.

5704-04-1

Tricine

Tricine is a biochemical assay reagent primarily used as a buffering agent in protein electrophoresis and nucleic acid analysis. Its ability to maintain pH stability enhances the accuracy of various biochemical reactions, making it essential in immunology applications. Additionally, Tricine is valuable in medical research, particularly in antibody detection and drug screening assays.

Cat. No.

A86532

CAS No.

64431-96-5

Bis-tris propane

Synonyms: BTP

Bis-tris propane (BTP) is a water-soluble buffering agent utilized primarily for biotechnological applications. It is particularly effective in maintaining pH stability during polymerase chain reaction (PCR) processes and can enhance the activity and stability of restriction enzymes. BTP serves as a reliable choice for various molecular biology experiments, providing optimal conditions for enzymatic reactions.

Cat. No.

A86540

CAS No.

82473-24-3

CHAPSO

Synonyms: 3-[3-(Cholamidopropyl)dimethylammonio]-2-hydroxy-1-propanesulfonate

CHAPSO is a zwitterionic detergent that effectively reduces protein adsorption. It enhances cryo-electron microscopy (cryo-EM) imaging quality and serves as a valuable reagent for the solubilization and reconstruction of membrane proteins. CHAPSO is widely used in structural studies of membrane proteins, facilitating better characterization and analysis of their structure-function relationships.

Cat. No.

A86589

CAS No.

1185-53-1

THAM hydrochloride (≥99%, reagent grade)

Synonyms: Tris HCl (≥99%, reagent grade); Tris hydrochloride (≥99%, reagent grade)

THAM hydrochloride, also known as Tris-HCl, is a reagent-grade buffer that targets pH stabilization in biochemical assays. With its capacity to resist pH fluctuations, it is essential for maintaining a consistent environment in various molecular biology applications, including electrophoresis and protein purification. Its unique properties facilitate reliable performance in experimental protocols, ensuring the integrity of biological samples and reagents.

Cat. No.

A86664

CAS No.

9036-19-5

(1,1,3,3-Tetramethylbutyl)phenyl-polyethylene glycol X-114

Synonyms: Polyoxyethylene octylphenol ether

(1,1,3,3-Tetramethylbutyl)phenyl-polyethylene glycol X-114 functions as a surfactant by enabling the solubilization of membranes and whole cells. It exhibits unique phase separation properties, remaining homogeneous at 0 degrees Celsius while separating into aqueous and detergent phases at temperatures above 20 degrees Celsius. This compound is particularly useful in phase separation studies, making it an essential tool for researchers investigating membrane dynamics and cellular processes.