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Protoporphyrinogen IX Oxidase (PPO)

Protoporphyrinogen IX oxidase (PPO) inhibitors block a shared step of heme and chlorophyll synthesis. The enzyme oxidizes protoporphyrinogen IX to protoporphyrin IX in mitochondria and chloroplasts. When plant PPO is blocked, the accumulating substrate is oxidized outside the enzyme to protoporphyrin IX. This porphyrin acts as a photosensitizer, and light then generates reactive oxygen species that damage cell membranes. PPO was identified in 1989 as the molecular target of diphenyl ether herbicides. Acifluorfen, fomesafen and oxyfluorfen belong to this diphenyl ether class, whereas flumioxazin is an N-phenylphthalimide. In humans, a mutation that lowers PPO activity was reported in 1996 in variegate porphyria.

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  • PPO-IN-1
    Cat. No.
    A92038
    CAS No.
    2763288-69-1

    PPO-IN-1

    PPO-IN-1 is a potent inhibitor of protoporphyrinogen IX oxidase (PPO), exhibiting a Ki value of 2.5 nM. This compound serves as a valuable click chemistry reagent, featuring an alkyne group that enables it to participate in copper-catalyzed azide-alkyne cycloaddition (CuAAc) reactions. Its primary biological activity makes it useful for studying pathways involving heme biosynthesis and investigating potential therapeutic applications in diseases related to PPO dysregulation.

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