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All Dyes is the single product list for the Fluorescent Dyes, Probes & Stains section. Many dyes here have no application or dye-family subcategory, so the list is the broadest way to browse the range. It suits searches by product name when the required dye is already known. Examples range from the near-infrared cyanine indocyanine green and the ratiometric calcium indicator Fura-2 pentapotassium to the nucleic acid stains Hoechst 33258 trihydrochloride and SYBR Green II. Classical stains such as hematoxylin, reactive labeling dyes and enzyme substrates are listed alongside them. For selection by task or by core structure, the parent Fluorescent Dyes, Probes & Stains page groups dyes by application and dye family.
Calcium Green 1AM is a cell-permeant fluorescent calcium indicator that targets calcium ions within cells. Upon cellular uptake, it is converted by intracellular esterases into its active form, facilitating precise measurement of calcium fluctuations. This reagent is widely utilized in cell physiology studies, calcium signaling research, and live-cell imaging applications.
Acridine Orange base is a cell-permeable fluorescent dye primarily utilized for staining nucleic acids in various organisms, including bacteria, parasites, and viruses. This dye exhibits distinct fluorescence characteristics; it emits green light when bound to double-stranded DNA (Ex=488 nm, Em=520-524 nm) and red light when associated with single-stranded DNA or RNA (Ex=457 nm, Em=630-644 nm). Acridine Orange base is particularly valuable in fluorescence microscopy for distinguishing human cells under acidic conditions (pH=3.5) and is widely employed in cell cycle assays.
Synonyms: Sodium-binding Benzofuran Isophthalate Acetoxymethyl ester
SBFI-AM is a sodium-selective fluorescent indicator designed for monitoring Na+ concentrations in biological systems. With a Kd of 6.7 mM for Na+ and 166 mM for K+, SBFI-AM demonstrates high selectivity for sodium ions. Its excitation and emission wavelengths are 340/380 nm and 500 nm, respectively. This reagent is widely used in cellular imaging and physiological studies to investigate sodium signaling and ion homeostasis.
Green DND-26 is a lysosome-specific fluorescent dye that exhibits a maximum excitation/emission wavelength of 504/511 nm. Comprising a fluorescein moiety linked to weak bases, this compound effectively penetrates cell membranes and accumulates in lysosomal structures. It is ideal for studying lysosomal biosynthesis and related pathological processes, facilitating the observation of cellular dynamics associated with lysosomal function.
Synonyms: NCI 240899
True Blue is a fluorescent dye that serves as a neuronal retrograde tracer, excitable within the 395-425 nm wavelength range, with an emission barrier filter of 450 nm. It effectively labels neurons without compromising their survival, making it suitable for applications in neuronal tracing and mapping studies. This reagent is valuable for understanding neural connectivity and function in various research settings.
Synonyms: 4',6-Diamidino-2-phenylindole
DAPI (4',6-Diamidino-2-phenylindole) is a fluorescent DNA dye that selectively binds to the AT base pairs in the minor groove of double-stranded DNA, enhancing fluorescence intensity approximately 20-fold upon binding. This property makes DAPI suitable for applications in fluorescence microscopy, allowing for quantification of DNA based on fluorescence intensity. Additionally, DAPI's ability to penetrate intact cell membranes enables its use in staining both live and fixed cells. DAPI also acts as an inhibitor of acid-sensing ion channel 3 (ASIC3), potentially contributing to research in chronic pain treatment (Ex/Em = 356/451 nm).
Synonyms: 4-Chloro-3-(2,4-dihydroxyphenylazo)-2-hydroxybenzene-1-sulfonic acid
Lumogallion is a selective fluorescent reagent designed for the detection of aluminum ions, gallium, and other metal ions. Its high sensitivity allows for precise quantification and visualization in various biological and environmental samples. With an excitation wavelength of 490 nm and an emission spectrum ranging from 520 nm to 650 nm, Lumogallion exhibits a peak emission at approximately 580 nm, making it suitable for fluorescence-based applications in chemical research and analytical studies.
Synonyms: Bromosulfophthalein disodium salt
Sulfobromophthalein disodium salt is an organic anion dye primarily utilized to investigate membrane carriers in animal tissues. This compound plays a critical role in understanding the transport mechanisms of various agents and metabolites across cell membranes. Its applications extend to studies related to pharmacokinetics and drug absorption, making it a valuable tool for researchers in the fields of biochemistry and pharmacology.
Synonyms: 9-(2,2-Dicyanovinyl)julolidine
DCVJ (9-(2,2-Dicyanovinyl)julolidine) is a unique fluorescent dye known for its ability to act as a molecular rotor. It exhibits significantly enhanced fluorescence intensity upon the polymerization of tubulin and actin, making it a valuable tool for studying cytoskeletal dynamics. Additionally, DCVJ interacts with phospholipid bilayers, further amplifying fluorescence. This compound is applicable in research involving mast cell degranulation, with optimal absorption and emission spectra at 489 nm and 505 nm, respectively.
Synonyms: OTL 38
Pafolacianine is a near-infrared fluorescent imaging agent utilized for the detection of tumor lesions during surgical interventions. This compound operates by exciting at wavelengths of 774 to 775 nm and emitting at 794 to 796 nm, allowing for enhanced visualization of tumor tissues. Its application in intraoperative imaging significantly aids in improving surgical outcomes by providing real-time feedback for tumor localization.
HKPerox-2 is a highly sensitive fluorescent probe specifically designed for the detection of hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) in live cells. It exhibits peak excitation and emission wavelengths at 520 nm and 543 nm, respectively, making it suitable for fluorescence microscopy applications. This reagent can be utilized to study oxidative stress and cellular signaling involving reactive oxygen species, enabling insights into various biological processes and disease mechanisms.
CellTracker Blue CMF2HC Dye is a fluorescent dye primarily used for visualizing and tracking live cells. It emits a blue fluorescence when excited at wavelengths between 450-460 nm, making it suitable for applications such as two-channel nucleic acid sequencing. Additionally, this dye facilitates the rapid assessment of microbial antibiotic sensitivity, providing valuable insights for microbiological research.
BODIPY FL-DHPE is a green-fluorescent phospholipid probe targeting lipid bilayers. It labels 1,2-dihexadecanoyl-sn-glycero-phosphoethanolamine (DHPE), facilitating the study of membrane dynamics through membrane fusion processes. This reagent is ideal for investigating membrane structure and function in various cellular contexts, as well as analyzing lipid interactions in live cell imaging applications. The excitation and emission wavelengths are λex=505 nm and λem=511 nm, respectively.
Stains-All is a cationic carbocyanine dye that serves as an effective probe for investigating the structural characteristics of individual calcium-binding sites within calmodulin (CaM) and other related calcium-binding proteins (CaBP). This dye facilitates the study of calcium-binding interactions, making it an invaluable tool in cellular and molecular biology research focused on calcium signaling pathways and protein interactions.
2',7'-Dichlorofluorescein is a potent fluorescent probe primarily used for the detection of oxidative stress by quantifying reactive oxygen species (ROS) levels. It exhibits excitation and emission maxima at 503 nm and 523 nm, respectively. This compound is essential for applications in cellular biology and biochemistry, enabling researchers to study oxidative damage and its effects on biological systems.
HKOH-1r is a highly sensitive green fluorescent probe designed for the selective detection of hydroxyl radicals (·OH) in living cells. It exhibits excitation and emission maxima at 500 nm and 520 nm, respectively, facilitating real-time visualization of oxidative stress. This reagent is applicable in various research settings, including studies focused on cellular redox status and oxidative damage pathways.
DASPEI is a cationic styrenyl dye that targets mitochondria, functioning as a fluorescent probe with a large Stokes shift. Exhibiting excitation and emission wavelengths of 550 nm and 573 nm respectively, DASPEI demonstrates excellent photostability and labeling capability. This reagent effectively stains mitochondria in living cells and can also label presynaptic nerve endings, providing insights into cellular and synaptic activity. Its applications are valuable in various fields including neurobiology and cellular imaging research.
Prodan is a solvatochromic fluorophore that serves as a microenvironment-sensitive membrane reporter. Its unique properties allow for the detection of changes in the local environment of membranes by varying Stokes shift values in response to the orientational polarizability of solvents. This versatility makes Prodan an essential tool in the study of membrane dynamics and the characterization of fluorescent nucleosides. It is particularly useful in applications involving membrane biophysics and the assessment of lipid bilayer properties.
Synonyms: 6-Carboxyfluorescein diacetate
6-CFDA is a fluorescent dye commonly used in biological research for cell tracking and viability assays. It undergoes free diffusion into cells, where it is hydrolyzed by intracellular non-specific lipases to produce carboxyfluorescein, a fluorescent compound that carries an additional negative charge. This enhanced charge improves retention within cells compared to traditional fluorescein dyes, facilitating more accurate analysis of cellular processes and functions.
Synonyms: 6-Carboxy-X-rhodamine
6-ROX is a selective fluorescent probe targeting cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2). By binding to the active site of COX-2, it inhibits the conversion of arachidonic acid to prostaglandins, making it an essential tool for studying COX-2-related pathways. 6-ROX is widely utilized in optical imaging applications aimed at identifying tumors and inflamed tissues that exhibit elevated COX-2 expression.
Synonyms: Oregon green 488 succinimidyl ester
OG 488, SE (Oregon Green 488 succinimidyl ester) is a fluorescent pH indicator that exhibits strong fluorescence properties. It is widely utilized in biochemistry and neurosciences for various applications, including cellular imaging and tracking pH changes in live cells. Its ability to provide real-time pH measurements makes it an invaluable tool for researchers studying cellular processes and physiological conditions.
HKYellow-AM (6/12-mixture) is a fluorogenic probe designed for the selective and sensitive detection of peroxynitrite (ONOO-) in living cells and tissues. This probe offers a non-cytotoxic option for real-time fluorescence imaging, enabling researchers to investigate oxidative stress and related pathophysiological processes. Its high selectivity allows for accurate assessment of ONOO- levels, making it a valuable tool for studies in cellular signaling and antioxidant defense mechanisms.
5-CFDA-AM is a fluorescent probe designed to measure enzyme activity and assess cell membrane integrity. This cell-permeable esterase substrate enters cells efficiently and is hydrolyzed by intracellular esterases to form carboxyfluorescein, which exhibits enhanced retention due to its negative charge. Its quantitative fluorescence capacity makes it a valuable tool for various biological research applications, including studies on cellular processes and viability assessments.
X-34 is a lipophilic fluorescent derivative of Congo red, characterized by its bright yellow-green fluorescence. It selectively stains neuritic and diffuse plaques, neurofibrillary tangles, neuropil threads, and cerebrovascular amyloid in brain tissue. This reagent is widely utilized in research focused on Alzheimer's disease to facilitate the study of these key pathological features.
6-HEX is a fluorophore characterized by its excitation and emission wavelengths of 532 nm and 556 nm, respectively. It is particularly effective for recording nucleic acid sequences and is useful in the design of optical materials. Additionally, 6-HEX can be employed to visualize nucleic acids under 543 nm radiation, as well as to directly locate cell group bases using 550 nm and 650 nm wavelengths.
