Catalog No.
Product Name
Application
Product Information
Citations
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Endogenous Metabolite
D-Allose is an endogenous metabolite that exhibits significant antitumor activity against various cancer cell types. It functions by scavenging reactive oxygen species (ROS) and mitigating oxidative stress damage. Furthermore, D-Allose demonstrates anti-inflammatory and neuroprotective effects through the inhibition of the TLR4/PI3K/AKT signaling pathway. Additionally, it possesses antihypertensive, cryoprotective, and anti-osteoporotic activities, making it a valuable candidate for diverse research applications in cancer, inflammation, and metabolic disorders. -
Endogenous Metabolite
rel-(1S,2R)-Dihydro bupropion is a metabolite of bupropion that primarily influences the immune response by promoting endogenous interleukin-10 (IL-10) production while inhibiting Th1 cytokines such as interleukin-12 (IL-12) and tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α). This transition in immune response from Th1 to Th2 underscores its biological activity in modulating inflammatory conditions. rel-(1S,2R)-Dihydro bupropion serves as a valuable tool in research focused on understanding and addressing immune-related disorders. -
Endogenous Metabolite
Taurohyodeoxycholic acid, an endogenous metabolite and 6 alpha-hydroxylated bile acid, exhibits anti-inflammatory properties by significantly reducing colonic myeloperoxidase (MPO) activity, TNF-α, IL-6 serum levels, and COX-2 expression. It has been shown to alleviate ulcerative colitis induced by trinitrobenzene sulfonic acid by modulating the balance between Th1/Th2 and Th17/Treg cells. Additionally, taurohyodeoxycholic acid improves outcomes in high-fat diet-induced nonalcoholic fatty liver disease in murine models and protects against hepatotoxicity in bile fistula rats. This compound is valuable for research into nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD), colitis, and biliary fistula conditions. -
Endogenous Metabolite
Lacto-N-neotetraose (LNnT) is an endogenous metabolite that plays a crucial role in modulating inflammation. It has been shown to inhibit TNF-α-induced IL-8 secretion in immature epithelial cells, highlighting its anti-inflammatory properties. LNnT is of particular interest in wound healing research, as it demonstrates the potential to enhance wound closure processes. -
Endogenous Metabolite
D-chiro-Inositol is an endogenous metabolite that plays a significant role in glucose metabolism and insulin signaling. It is known to improve insulin sensitivity, reduce hyperglycemia and serum androgen levels, and alleviate metabolic disturbances associated with conditions such as type 2 diabetes and polycystic ovary syndrome. D-chiro-Inositol also demonstrates anti-inflammatory properties by reducing pro-inflammatory factors and cytokines, making it relevant in research on liver cirrhosis and breast cancer. Its multifaceted biological activities render it a valuable reagent for studies focusing on metabolic health and related disorders. -
Fungal Metabolite
Cladosporin is a fungal metabolite with potent antibiotic and antifungal properties. It demonstrates significant inhibitory activity against a range of dermatophytes, plant pathogens, and bacteria. Additionally, Cladosporin exhibits antimalarial effects by targeting cytoplasmic lysine-tRNA synthetase in Plasmodium (PfKrs1), making it a valuable compound for research in microbial resistance and antimalarial studies. -
Bacterial Inhibitor
5,6-Dihydroxyindole is a bacterial inhibitor known for its broad-spectrum antibacterial, antifungal, antiviral, and antiparasitic activities. As a precursor in melanin synthesis, it exhibits cytotoxic properties, demonstrating significant toxicity against a variety of pathogenic organisms. This compound is valuable for research applications focused on antimicrobial resistance and the development of novel therapeutic agents. -
Endogenous Metabolite
Purine, an endogenous metabolite, serves as a fundamental building block of nucleic acids. It plays a role in inhibiting the activation of poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase (PARP) and provides protection against oxidant-induced cellular injury. Purine is utilized in research related to cancer and neurological disorders, highlighting its significance in studying cellular processes and treatments for various diseases. -
Endogenous Metabolite
α-Hydroxyglutaric acid is an endogenous metabolite that acts as a competitive inhibitor of various α-ketoglutarate-dependent dioxygenases, including histone demethylases and the TET enzyme family responsible for converting 5-methylcytosine (5mC) to hydroxymethylcytosine (5hmC). This compound is instrumental in epigenetic research, influencing histone modification and DNA methylation processes. Its role in metabolic pathways also makes it valuable for studying glioma metabolism and hypoxia-related conditions. -
Endogenous Metabolite
L-Cystine dihydrochloride is the dihydrochloride salt of the endogenous metabolite L-Cystine, functioning primarily as an activator of the Nrf2 transcription factor. This compound enhances Nrf2 protein expression, leading to a reduction in reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation and protection against apoptosis induced by oxidants or Doxorubicin. Additionally, L-Cystine dihydrochloride, in combination with L-theanine, promotes the production of antigen-specific IgG and modulates T helper 2 (Th2) responses by elevating glutathione (GSH) levels in murine models. It holds potential for investigating conditions such as cystinuria and the formation of kidney stones. -
Endogenous Metabolite; Nrf2 Activator; ROS Inhibitor
L-Cystine hydrochloride is an endogenous metabolite that serves as a potent Nrf2 activator and reactive oxygen species (ROS) inhibitor. It enhances Nrf2 protein expression, facilitating transcriptional responses that combat oxidative stress. Research indicates that L-Cystine hydrochloride reduces ROS generation and protects cells from apoptosis induced by oxidants or Doxorubicin. Additionally, its combination with L-theanine has been shown to boost antigen-specific IgG production by elevating glutathione levels and promoting T helper 2 (Th2) responses. This compound has significant potential for studying cystinuria and kidney stone formation. -
Endogenous Metabolite
L-Proline is an endogenous metabolite and a designated amino acid that serves as a critical building block for protein synthesis in living organisms. It plays a significant role in collagen formation, wound healing, and cellular signaling. L-Proline is commonly utilized in biochemical research to study protein conformation, metabolic pathways, and the effects of amino acid modulation on various physiological processes. -
Endogenous Metabolite
Stearic acid is a long-chain saturated fatty acid that functions as an endogenous metabolite. It has been shown to induce apoptosis in preadipocytes, resulting in a significant reduction of visceral fat. This compound is valuable for research in cardiovascular and metabolic diseases, providing insights into lipid metabolism and adipocyte function. -
Endogenous Metabolite
Sodium Demethylcantharidate is an endogenous metabolite that plays a role in various biological processes. This compound is utilized in research to study metabolic pathways and potential physiological effects. Its biological activity may provide insights into its contribution to cell signaling and metabolic regulation. -
Antifungal Metabolite
Dihydrocompactin is an antifungal metabolite that acts primarily as an inhibitor of 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl coenzyme-A reductase (HMG-CoA reductase). This compound, derived from Penicillium citrinum, exhibits significant antifungal activity and is valuable in studying fungal infections and metabolic pathways. Dihydrocompactin may be used in research focused on the development of antifungal agents and the elucidation of HMG-CoA reductase's role in cellular processes. -
Fungal Metabolite
Gymnoascolide A is a fungal metabolite derived from M. filamentosa, recognized for its vasodilatory properties. At a concentration of 1 µM, it effectively inhibits calcium-induced contractions in isolated rat aortic rings, highlighting its potential role in vascular research. This compound may be valuable for studying mechanisms of vasodilation and the modulation of vascular tone. -
Fungal Metabolite
Tenellin is a fungal metabolite derived from Beauveria, known for its inhibitory effects on ATPase activities, specifically Mg2+, Ca2+, and Na+/K+-ATPases, in equine erythrocytes, achieving inhibition rates of 51%, 57%, and 74% at a concentration of 200 μg/mL. Additionally, Tenellin exhibits cytotoxicity against Sf9 and Sf21 insect cell lines, with CC50 values of 4.84 μM and 11.95 μM, respectively. This compound is valuable for research into fungal metabolism and its potential effects on cellular processes in insects. -
Fungal Metabolite
Glioroseinol is a fungal metabolite derived from Gliocladium, exhibiting potential bioactive properties. This compound is of interest for its role in studying fungal interactions and biological pathways. Research applications include investigations into natural products and their pharmacological effects in various biological systems. -
Endogenous Metabolite
E-α-Bisabolene is a non-cyclic sesquiterpene that serves as an endogenous metabolite within the metabolic network of Phanerochaete chrysosporium. This compound plays a critical role in the biosynthesis of secondary metabolites by white-rot fungi, thereby contributing to their ecological functions and interactions. E-α-Bisabolene is valuable for studies in fungal metabolism and can be utilized in research exploring natural product synthesis. -
Fungal Metabolite
1233B is a secondary metabolite derived from the filamentous fungus Fusarium sp. RK97-94. This compound exhibits significant antifungal activity, making it a valuable reagent for studying fungal biology and the development of antifungal therapies. Researchers can utilize 1233B in various applications, including pharmacological screening and the investigation of fungal resistance mechanisms. -
Fungal Metabolite
Trichodecenin II is a fungal metabolite derived from the conidia of the fungus Trichoderma viride. This compound exhibits significant biological activity that may play a role in fungal development and physiology. It is primarily utilized in research applications aimed at understanding fungal metabolism and interactions, making it a valuable tool in mycological studies. -
Endogenous Metabolite
Deacetylsclerotiorin is an endogenous metabolite derived from chloramphenicol, sourced from the fungus Bartalinia robillardoides strain LF550. This compound demonstrates significant antifungal activity, effectively inhibiting Candida albicans (IC50=24 μM), Trichophyton rubrum (IC50=2.83 μM), and Septoria tritici (IC50=7.45 μM). Furthermore, Deacetylsclerotiorin inhibits phosphodiesterase 4 (PDE4) with an IC50 of 2.8 μM, highlighting its potential utility in enzyme inhibition studies and antifungal research applications. -
Fungal Metabolite
Heveadride is a fungal metabolite that functions as an antifungal agent. It exhibits activity against a range of filamentous fungi as well as certain human pathogenic yeasts. Additionally, Heveadride has been shown to induce down-regulation of TNFα-induced NF-κB activity in human chronic myeloid leukemia cells, with an IC50 of 82.7 μM, making it a valuable tool for research in antifungal treatments and cancer biology. -
Endogenous Metabolite
Citaldoxime is an endogenous metabolite recognized for its role as a γ-radiation-induced antifungal stress metabolite found in Citrus plants. This compound exhibits notable antifungal activity, making it valuable for studies focused on plant stress responses and fungal pathogen interactions. Research applications include investigating metabolic responses to environmental stressors and exploring potential antifungal mechanisms in plant systems. -
Fungal Metabolite
Viridiol is a fungal metabolite derived from Trichoderma viride, primarily exhibiting antifungal properties. This compound demonstrates efficacy against various fungal pathogens, making it a valuable tool for research into fungal biology and antifungal drug development. Its applications include investigating mechanisms of antifungal resistance and exploring potential therapeutic strategies for fungal infections. -
Antifungal Metabolite
Eucalyptacid A is an antifungal metabolite that demonstrates significant antifungal activity against Alternaria solani, with minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) values ranging from 6.25 to 50 μM. This compound is suitable for research applications focused on antifungal mechanisms and studying phytopathogen interactions. Its effectiveness positions it as a valuable tool for investigating potential antifungal treatments in agricultural and biomedical research. -
Antifungal Metabolite
Chaetosemin J is an antifungal metabolite with demonstrated inhibitory activity against several plant pathogenic fungi, including Botrytis cinerea, Alternaria solani, Magnaporthe oryzae, and Gibberella saubinettii. Its minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) values range from 12.5 to 25 μM, indicating its potential utility in agricultural research and studies aimed at developing new antifungal agents. -
Antifungal Metabolite
Canadensolide is an antifungal metabolite derived from Penicillium canadense. It exhibits potent antifungal activity against various pathogenic fungi, making it valuable for studying fungal infections and developing antifungal strategies. Research applications include investigating mechanisms of action in fungal resistance and exploring potential therapeutic uses in clinical settings. -
Fungal Metabolite
dl-Aloesol is a natural fungal metabolite derived from Aspergillus species, primarily known for its diverse biological activities. It exhibits cytotoxic, antibacterial, anti-parasitic, antiviral, and antiproliferative properties, making it a valuable tool for research applications in microbiology, pharmacology, and medicinal chemistry. Its ability to scavenge free radicals further underscores its potential in studies focused on oxidative stress and cellular protection. -
Fungal Metabolite
Homogentisic acid lactone is a fungal metabolite that exhibits significant fungicidal activity, notably against the plant pathogenic fungus Fusarium graminearum. This compound is derived from the fungus WF5 and serves as a valuable substrate for assessing serum paraoxonase/arylesterase 1 (PON1) activity in biochemical research. Its unique mode of action and biological properties make it an important tool in studies related to fungal pathogenesis and enzyme activity assessment. -
Endogenous Metabolite
Homovanillic acid, a key metabolite of dopamine, serves as an important biomarker in various neurological and metabolic disorders. Elevated or altered levels of homovanillic acid have been implicated in conditions such as aromatic L-amino acid decarboxylase deficiency, celiac disease, growth hormone deficiency, and sepiapterin reductase deficiency. This compound is valuable for research applications focused on neurochemistry and metabolic diseases, enabling the study of dopamine metabolism and related pathologies. -
Endogenous Metabolite
Spermine is an endogenous metabolite known for its antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties. It exhibits inhibitory effects on certain bacterial strains, particularly Staphylococcus aureus, and induces neurotoxicity in a dose-dependent manner in striatal cells. Additionally, spermine can reversibly inhibit DNA synthesis, mixed lymphocyte responses, and cytolytic lymphocyte induction in murine spleen cell cultures. Spermine tetrahydrochloride serves as a nitric oxide donor, modulating platelet activation in a concentration-dependent manner, while also demonstrating inhibitory effects on primary human embryo lung fibroblasts in vitro. -
Endogenous Metabolite
D-Glucuronic acid is an endogenous metabolite that plays a crucial role in the synthesis of anti-inflammatory proteoglycans. It is implicated in promoting embryonic development and inhibiting cell aggregation. This compound can be metabolized to ethyl glucuronide, which activates Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4), associated with pain signaling. D-Glucuronic acid and its derivative glucurono-lactone are recognized for their potential as liver detoxifiers and exhibit anti-tumor activity, making them important tools in various biological research applications. -
Endogenous Metabolite
Spermine tetrahydrochloride is a polyamine that serves as a nitric oxide donor, modulating platelet activation in a concentration-dependent manner. This endogenous metabolite exhibits a range of biological activities, including antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties, and demonstrates inhibitory effects on primary human embryo lung fibroblasts in vitro. Additionally, spermine influences immune responses by reversibly inhibiting DNA synthesis and lymphocyte activation in murine spleen cell cultures. Its antibacterial properties include inhibition of certain bacterial strains, notably Staphylococcus aureus, while also eliciting neurotoxic effects in the striatum in a dose-dependent fashion. -
Endogenous Metabolite
D-Glucaric acid tetrahydrate is an endogenous metabolite that serves as an important product of the mammalian D-glucuronidation pathway. This compound exhibits notable biological activities, including the induction of apoptosis and the reduction of expression of myelin-related genes in the hippocampus, such as Mbp and Plp1. Additionally, D-Glucaric acid tetrahydrate demonstrates cholesterol-lowering and anti-tumor properties, making it relevant for research applications in neurological diseases and cancer biology. -
Human Endogenous Metabolite
Estradiol hemihydrate is a steroid hormone primarily involved in female reproductive health. It has been shown to up-regulate the expression of neural markers in human endometrial stem cells, promoting their differentiation into neural lineages. This compound is useful for research in areas such as cancer biology, neurodegenerative diseases, and neural tissue engineering. -
Endogenous Metabolite
Defensin HNP-2 human is an endogenous antibiotic peptide that acts as a monocyte chemotactic factor, produced primarily by human neutrophils. This peptide plays a pivotal role in the innate immune response by exerting antimicrobial activity and recruiting immune cells to sites of infection. It is widely used in research related to immunology and host defense mechanisms, providing insights into innate immune responses and potential therapeutic applications for infectious diseases. -
Fungal Metabolite
Viridicatin is a fungal metabolite derived from Penicillium species. This compound exhibits moderate in vitro antibiotic activity, specifically targeting Mycobacterium tuberculosis. Viridicatin can be utilized in research studies focused on tuberculosis treatment and the exploration of antifungal mechanisms, providing valuable insights into microbial interactions and resistance patterns. -
Endogenous Metabolite
Roemerine is an alkaloid derived from the leaves of Fibraurea recisa Pierre, acting primarily as an endogenous metabolite. It demonstrates antibacterial, anticancer, and antidepressant activities, with mechanisms including reversal of multidrug resistance in cultured cells and modulation of the cAMP signaling pathway. Additionally, Roemerine enhances neuronal activity by increasing brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) protein expression and influencing serotonergic and glutamatergic systems. This compound is valuable for research applications in cancer, infectious diseases, and neurological disorders. -
Endogenous Metabolite
DL-3-Phenyllactic acid is an endogenous metabolite known for its broad-spectrum antimicrobial activity. It plays a crucial role in cellular metabolism and has potential applications in research related to microbial inhibition and metabolic regulation. This compound is particularly valuable for studying microbial resistance and the modulation of metabolic pathways in various biological systems. -
Endogenous Metabolite
Acetyl phosphate lithium potassium is an endogenous metabolite that serves as a critical regulator in bacterial metabolism. It is particularly significant in the process of lysine acetylation, influencing bacterial responses to environmental stresses and aiding in adaptive mechanisms. This compound is valuable for research involving bacterial metabolic pathways and the study of cellular stress responses. -
Endogenous Metabolite
Maleic acid is an endogenous metabolite that acts as an inhibitor of Glutamate Decarboxylase (GAD) in various bacterial species, including Escherichia coli and Listeria monocytogenes. It is primarily utilized in research applications investigating GAD activity and its implications in metabolic pathways. This compound is valuable for studies focused on microbial metabolism and the modulation of related biochemical processes. -
Endogenous Metabolite
Tridecanoic acid, a 13-carbon medium-chain saturated fatty acid, functions as an endogenous metabolite. It exhibits significant antipersister and antibiofilm properties, making it valuable for studies related to bacterial infections. Notably, Tridecanoic acid inhibits persistence and biofilm formation in Escherichia coli, providing a useful tool for research in microbial behavior and infection control. -
Endogenous Metabolite
1-Kestose is an endogenous metabolite categorized as the smallest fructooligosaccharide. It serves as a prebiotic that effectively stimulates the growth of beneficial gut bacteria, particularly Faecalibacterium prausnitzii and various Bifidobacteria. This compound is valuable for research applications focusing on gut microbiota modulation and its associated health benefits. -
Endogenous Metabolite
2(5H)-Furanone, also known as γ-Crotonolactone, is an endogenous metabolite that mimics N-acyl homoserine lactone signals, targeting LuxR homologs to disrupt quorum sensing-mediated gene regulation. This compound effectively inhibits quorum sensing associated with AHLs of varying acyl chain lengths and reduces biofilm formation in environmental *Aeromonas hydrophila* strains on polystyrene surfaces. Additionally, 2(5H)-Furanone has been shown to suppress spike-and-wave discharges in rat models of generalized absence seizures, demonstrating selective efficacy against this type of seizure. Its diverse biological activities make it a valuable reagent for research into bacterial infections and seizure disorders. -
Endogenous Metabolite
Dimethyl sulfone, also known as methyl sulfonyl methane, is an endogenous metabolite derived from the metabolism of methanethiol and intestinal bacteria. This compound exhibits the ability to inhibit choriocapillary endothelial cell proliferation while also demonstrating various biological activities, including anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, and local anesthetic properties. Its diverse effects suggest potential applications in neuroprotection and other therapeutic areas. -
Endogenous Metabolite
p-Nitrophenyl phosphorylcholine serves as a chromogenic substrate for assessing phospholipase C (PLC) activity. The hydrolysis of this compound by PLC yields p-nitrophenol, which can be quantified spectrophotometrically at 405 nm, under optimal conditions of pH 7.2-7.5. This reagent is valuable for studies involving lipid signaling pathways and enzyme kinetics in biochemical research. -
Endogenous Metabolite
N-Decanoyl p-Nitroaniline is a substrate for fatty acid amide hydrolase (FAAH), enabling the quantification of this enzyme's activity. FAAH, which exhibits broad substrate specificity, hydrolyzes various fatty acid amides, including those with shorter carbon chains. Upon hydrolysis of N-Decanoyl p-Nitroaniline, the release of the chromogenic p-nitroaniline dye allows for sensitive and rapid assessment of FAAH activity via spectrophotometric analysis in a 96-well format. This compound is useful for research involving endocannabinoid signaling and metabolic regulation. -
Endogenous Metabolite
Prostaglandin B3 (PGB3) is an endogenous metabolite belonging to the class of prostaglandins B and characterized as a secondary alcohol. PGB3 displays low affinity for human peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma (PPARγ), with a Ki value exceeding 1 mM, which contrasts with the more potent affinities of PGB1 and PGB2. This compound can be utilized in research applications related to lipid metabolism and inflammation, providing insights into its role in various biological pathways. -
Endogenous Metabolite
DL-Norvaline is a derivative of L-norvaline that serves as a non-competitive inhibitor of arginase. By inhibiting this enzyme, DL-Norvaline can influence the L-arginine metabolism pathway, affecting nitric oxide production and supporting various biological processes. It is utilized in research applications focused on metabolic pathways, nitric oxide synthesis, and related physiological effects.
