Catalog No.
Product Name
Application
Product Information
Citations
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Endogenous Metabolite
1-Aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylic acid (ACC) is an endogenous metabolite that primarily targets NMDA receptors. At low glutamate concentrations, ACC functions as a small molecule agonist, enhancing NMDA receptor activity with an EC50 of 0.7-0.9 μM, while at high glutamate concentrations, it acts as a competitive antagonist with an EC50 of 81.6 nM. This dual action contributes to its neuroprotective effects, preventing neuronal cell death in ischemic models and inducing blood pressure reduction in hypertensive rats. Additionally, ACC has been shown to enhance object recognition memory and cognitive flexibility without affecting impulsivity, making it a valuable compound for studies in neurotoxicity and cognitive function. -
Endogenous Metabolite
Cytidine 5'-monophosphate (5'-Cytidylic acid) is a nucleotide that serves as a critical monomer for RNA synthesis. This compound features a nucleobase cytosine linked to a ribose sugar and a phosphate group, playing a vital role in cellular metabolism and the regulation of gene expression. Its applications extend to various areas of biochemical research, including RNA biochemistry and nucleotide metabolism studies. -
Endogenous Metabolite
Hydrocinnamic acid is an endogenous metabolite that plays a significant role in plant growth regulation. It is recognized for its ability to modulate various physiological processes, including cell elongation and stress response. This compound is commonly applied in research exploring plant metabolism, growth modifications, and the interaction between plants and their environment. -
Endogenous Metabolite
17a-Hydroxypregnenolone is an endogenous metabolite that serves as a precursor in the biosynthesis of Dehydroepiandrosterone (DHEA). It acts as a substrate for the enzyme 3β-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase (3β-HSD), playing a critical role in steroidogenesis. This compound is valuable in research on adrenal steroid production and associated hormonal pathways. -
Endogenous Metabolite
Glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase (G6PD) from microorganisms acts as the rate-limiting enzyme in the pentose phosphate pathway. This enzyme serves as a critical source of NADPH, supporting various biological functions including antioxidant defenses, nitric oxide synthase activity, and cytochrome P450 metabolism. G6PD is particularly relevant for research into metabolic disorders such as diabetes, endothelial dysfunction, cancer, and cardiomyopathy, facilitating insights into disease mechanisms and therapeutic strategies. -
Endogenous Metabolite
Meso-tetrakis(4-aminophenyl)porphyrin is a porphyrin derivative that serves as a versatile ligand in biochemical research. It exhibits strong interactions with metal ions and has been investigated for its potential applications in photodynamic therapy and as a biosensor for detecting endogenous metabolites. Additionally, its unique structural properties make it a useful tool in studying various biological processes and developing new therapeutic strategies. -
Endogenous Metabolite
D-N-Acetylgalactosamine is an endogenous metabolite involved in various biological processes, including glycosylation and cell signaling. It serves as a substrate for the synthesis of glycoproteins and glycolipids, influencing cellular functions and interactions. This compound is valuable for research in carbohydrate biochemistry, cellular metabolism, and the study of glycan-related diseases. -
Endogenous Metabolite
Taurocholic acid sodium salt hydrate is an endogenous metabolite that modulates cellular signaling pathways. It demonstrates significant bioactivity, particularly in inhibiting biliary damage induced by hepatic artery ligation, which is associated with the upregulation of VEGF-A expression. This compound also exhibits immunoregulatory effects, making it valuable for research on metabolic and inflammatory processes. -
Endogenous Metabolite
ATP disodium trihydrate functions as a critical endogenous metabolite involved in energy storage and metabolism. As a primary energy source, it powers metabolic processes and acts as a coenzyme in various cellular reactions. Additionally, ATP disodium trihydrate plays a vital role in signaling pathways associated with immune responses and inflammation, making it an essential reagent for studies in cellular biology and biochemistry. -
Endogenous Metabolite
Stachydrine is an endogenous metabolite that primarily functions in promoting blood circulation and alleviating blood stasis, particularly noted in the traditional Chinese herb Leonurus heterophyllus. This compound has been shown to inhibit the NF-κB signaling pathway, suggesting its potential role in modulating inflammatory processes. Stachydrine is valuable for research applications focused on cardiovascular health and inflammation. -
Endogenous Metabolite
5-Aminovaleric acid is a metabolic derivative of gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) and is known to function as a weak GABA agonist. It plays a role in neurotransmitter regulation and may influence neuronal excitability and inhibition. This compound is utilized in research related to neuropharmacology, including studies on GABAergic signaling and the modulation of synaptic transmission. -
Endogenous Metabolite
L-Alanyl-L-glutamine is an endogenous metabolite that serves as a dipeptide composed of alanine and glutamine. It exhibits antioxidant properties, reduces inflammation, and has been shown to modulate the heat shock protein response under catabolic conditions. This compound is useful for research applications focused on metabolic regulation and cellular stress responses. -
Endogenous Metabolite
Thyminose is a naturally occurring 2-deoxyaldopentose that serves as an endogenous metabolite. It is generated through the hydrolysis of the nucleosides found in thym nucleic acid. Thyminose is important for studies focused on nucleotide metabolism and may have implications in understanding thymidine-related biological processes. It can be utilized in biochemical research to investigate the roles of nucleotide derivatives in cellular functions. -
Endogenous Metabolite
3-Oxocholic acid is an oxo-bile acid metabolite that plays a critical role as a major degradation product of cholic acid by Clostridium perfringens in the gastrointestinal tract. This steroid acid is primarily found in mammalian bile and is integral to studies on bile acid metabolism and microbial interactions within the intestines. Research applications include investigating metabolic pathways and understanding the effects of bile acids on intestinal health and disease. -
Endogenous Metabolite
Histone (calf thymus) is a core component of chromatin that plays a crucial role in DNA packaging and regulation of gene expression. This endogenous metabolite can be isolated from calf thymus through an acid extraction technique. Histones are essential for studying epigenetic modifications, chromatin dynamics, and their impact on various biological processes, making them valuable in research pertaining to genetics and molecular biology. -
Endogenous Metabolite
8-Hydroxy-2'-deoxyguanosine is an important endogenous metabolite known for its role as a biomarker of oxidative stress and DNA damage. It serves as a key indicator in research studies focused on cancer biology and the mechanisms of carcinogenesis. Measurement and analysis of 8-hydroxy-2'-deoxyguanosine can provide insights into cellular oxidative processes and their implications in disease pathology. -
Endogenous Metabolite
Isodeoxycholic acid (7α,12α-Dihydroxycholanoic acid) is an endogenous metabolite and a 3β-hydroxylated secondary bile acid. It is generated through the epimerization of deoxycholic acid by intestinal bacteria and is primarily found in feces as saponifiable conjugates with long-chain fatty acids. This compound plays a significant role in the regulation of intestinal physiology and is useful in studying metabolic processes and gut health. -
Endogenous Metabolite
Acetylcarnitine is an endogenous metabolite that functions primarily in mitochondrial energy metabolism and histone acetylation. It plays a crucial role in attenuating oxidative stress and neuroinflammation, making it relevant in the study of fatigue-associated diseases. Additionally, acetylcarnitine is being explored as a potential diagnostic and prognostic biomarker for hepatocellular carcinoma, thereby contributing valuable insights in cancer research. -
Endogenous Metabolite
Pyrocatechuic acid is an endogenous metabolite of benzoic acid found in human plasma. Its concentration is known to increase following aspirin ingestion, making it a significant biomarker for metabolic studies. This compound can be utilized in research exploring metabolic pathways, pharmacokinetics, and the physiological effects of aspirin and other non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs. -
Endogenous Metabolite
5-Aminolevulinic acid (5-ALA) serves as an endogenous metabolite and is crucial in the biosynthesis of heme. It acts as a precursor for porphyrin synthesis, influencing various biological processes, including oxygen transport and electron transfer in cellular respiration. 5-ALA is widely used in research related to metabolic pathways, photodynamic therapy, and cancer diagnostics. -
Endogenous Metabolite
Pregnant mare serum gonadotropin (PMSG) is an endogenous metabolite that acts as a gonadotropin, promoting follicular development and ovulation in various animal species. It regulates endocrine functions by influencing blood hormone levels, gonadotropins, and cytoplasmic estradiol receptors within the anterior pituitary and hypothalamus. PMSG is widely used in livestock to enhance reproductive efficiency and serves as a valuable tool in research related to estrous cycle regulation and reproductive biology. -
Endogenous Metabolite
Indole-3-acetamide is an endogenous metabolite and a key intermediate in the biosynthesis of 3-Indoleacetic acid, a predominant auxin that functions as a natural plant growth hormone. This compound plays a critical role in plant development, influencing processes such as cell elongation and differentiation. It is a valuable reagent for research in plant physiology and the hormonal regulation of growth. -
Aldose
DL-Glyceraldehyde is a bioactive compound that serves as an intermediate in cellular energy metabolism, specifically targeting aldose in glycolysis and gluconeogenesis pathways. It plays a crucial role in converting sugars to energy and in the biosynthesis of glucose. Research applications include the investigation of metabolic disorders and diseases related to sugar metabolism, such as diabetes and cancer. -
Endogenous Metabolite
N1-Acetylspermine trihydrochloride is an endogenous polyamine metabolite that plays a significant role in cellular growth and differentiation. This compound is primarily investigated in the context of leukemia research, where it serves as a potential biomarker or therapeutic target. Its involvement in tumor progression and cellular signaling pathways makes it a valuable tool for studies focused on cancer biology and metabolic profiling. -
Endogenous Metabolite
Sodium 3-methyl-2-oxobutanoate is an endogenous metabolite that serves as a precursor to pantothenic acid in Escherichia coli. This compound plays a crucial role in the biosynthesis of coenzyme A, which is essential for various metabolic processes. Its application in research includes studies on metabolic pathways and the regulation of pantothenic acid synthesis in microbial systems. -
Endogenous Metabolite
D-Glucosamine 6-phosphate is an endogenous metabolite primarily involved in carbohydrate metabolism. It serves as a critical substrate in the hexosamine biosynthetic pathway and plays a role in the regulation of gene expression and cellular signaling. This compound is particularly relevant in diabetic research, providing insights into metabolic dysregulation associated with diabetes mellitus. -
Endogenous Metabolite
DL-α-Tocopherol acetate is a derivative of vitamin E that functions as a potent antioxidant. Its primary mechanism involves scavenging free radicals, thereby protecting cellular components from oxidative stress. This compound is widely utilized in research applications related to nutritional studies, cellular biology, and the exploration of oxidative damage in various biological systems. -
Endogenous Metabolite
1-Methylhistamine dihydrochloride is a metabolite of histamine that primarily targets histamine receptors. This compound exhibits significant biological activity in the modulation of allergic responses and neurotransmission processes. It is widely utilized in research applications focusing on histamine signaling pathways and its role in various physiological and pathological conditions. -
Endogenous Metabolite
D-Ribose 5-phosphate disodium dihydrate is an essential endogenous metabolite that serves as a critical intermediate in the oxidative branch of the pentose phosphate pathway (PPP) and as an end product of its nonoxidative branch. It plays a pivotal role in the biosynthesis of nucleotides and nucleic acids, making it valuable for research applications in cellular metabolism and molecular biology. This compound is crucial for studies focused on metabolic flux and the regulation of nucleotide pools. -
Endogenous Metabolite
2-Methylcitric acid is an endogenous metabolite involved in the 2-methylcitric acid cycle. Its accumulation is associated with methylmalonic and propionic acidemias, making it a valuable marker metabolite for these conditions. Additionally, 2-methylcitric acid has been shown to significantly inhibit ADP-stimulated and uncoupled respiration in mitochondria when supported by glutamate, highlighting its potential utility in metabolic research. -
Endogenous Metabolite
Succinaldehydic acid is an endogenous metabolite derived from the catabolism of gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA). It plays a significant role in various metabolic pathways and is involved in energy production. This compound has applications in research focused on neurochemistry and metabolic disorders, providing insights into GABAergic signaling and related physiological processes. -
Endogenous Metabolite
2,6-Diaminoheptanedioic acid is an endogenous metabolite crucial for bacterial cell wall biosynthesis. This compound plays a significant role in microbial metabolism and can serve as a potential biomarker for the quantification of microbial proteins. Its study is important for understanding bacterial physiology and developing antimicrobial strategies. -
Endogenous Metabolite
3-Bromopropan-1-ol is an endogenous metabolite that plays a role in reproductive physiology. It is significantly upregulated during the estrus phase in buffaloes, making it a valuable tool for studying estrus-related biological processes. This compound can be utilized in research focused on buffalo reproductive cycles and hormonal regulation. -
Endogenous Metabolite
Nε,Nε,Nε-Trimethyllysine chloride functions as a precursor in the biosynthesis of gut flora-dependent N,N,N-trimethyl-5-aminovaleric acid (TMAVA). This compound plays a crucial role in metabolic pathways and can be utilized in research focused on microbiota interactions and metabolic profiling. Its involvement in the synthesis of biologically active metabolites makes it a valuable reagent for studies in metabolic health and gut microbiome-related research. -
Endogenous Metabolite
21-Deoxycortisol is an endogenous metabolite that serves as a biomarker for congenital adrenal hyperplasia (CAH). This compound plays a critical role in the adrenal steroid biosynthesis pathway, and its levels can provide valuable insights into adrenal gland function and steroidogenesis. It is commonly used in clinical research and diagnostics to assess adrenal disorders and hormonal imbalances. -
Endogenous Metabolite
N-Methylnicotinamide is an endogenous metabolite primarily involved in thrombotic regulation through its antithrombotic properties. It functions by promoting the production and release of prostacyclin, which inhibits the development of arterial thrombosis. This compound is synthesized via the N-methylation of nicotinamide, catalyzed by N-methyltransferase, and plays a crucial role in the nicotinate and nicotinamide metabolic pathways, making it relevant for research in cardiovascular health and metabolic processes. -
Endogenous Metabolite
4-Hydroxyestradiol is an endogenous metabolite of estradiol that acts as a potent estrogen receptor antagonist. This compound exhibits carcinogenic properties and demonstrates mutagenic activity in breast epithelial cells, indicating its role in cellular transformation processes. Its competitive inhibition of estradiol binding to the estrogen receptor, with a Ki value of 0.48 nM, makes it a valuable tool for studying estrogen-related pathways and breast cancer biology. -
Endogenous Metabolite
Diclofenac acyl glucuronide (D-1-O-G) is an endogenous metabolite that results from the conjugation of diclofenac. This compound plays a significant role in the pharmacokinetics of non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) and is implicated in gastrointestinal toxicity, particularly small intestinal ulceration in rat models. It serves as a valuable tool for studying drug metabolism and the effects of NSAIDs on the digestive system in research applications. -
Fungal Metabolites
O-Methylsterigmatocystin is a mycotoxin derived from the fungi Aspergillus flavus and Aspergillus parasiticus. It primarily acts by inhibiting protein synthesis, which can lead to cytotoxic effects in various biological systems. This compound is commonly used in research to study fungal metabolites, mycotoxin biosynthesis, and their impact on human health and the environment. -
Fungal Metabolite
(3S,5S)-Octahydrocurcumin, a fungal metabolite derived from Curcuma longa, functions as a potent antioxidant. This compound exhibits significant biological activity, particularly in modulating oxidative stress pathways. Its unique properties make it a valuable tool in research focused on inflammation, neuroprotection, and the therapeutic potential of curcumin derivatives. -
Fungal Metabolite
5-Acetamidopentanoic acid is a fungal metabolite known for its role in various biochemical pathways. It exhibits potential biological activity that may influence metabolic processes in fungi. This compound is primarily used in research focused on mycology, microbial metabolism, and the study of fungal secondary metabolites. -
Mononucleotide
2'-Deoxyguanosine 5'-monophosphate disodium is a nucleotide analog targeting cellular processes associated with guanine. This mononucleotide serves as a key reactant in studies of self-assembly in solution and the nucleation and growth of G-quadruplex structures. In addition, it plays a role in nucleophilic trapping and reductive alkylation, making it valuable for research on oxidative stress and DNA synthesis. As a precursor to guanosine triphosphate (GTP), it is essential for various biochemical assays and applications in nucleic acid research. -
Endogenous Metabolite
8-Oxo-dATP lithium is an oxidized purine nucleoside triphosphate that targets the MTH1 enzyme. This compound plays a crucial role in cellular metabolism by being hydrolyzed into monophosphates, which effectively prevents the misincorporation of 8-oxo-dATP during DNA replication and transcription processes. It is applicable in research concerning oxidative stress, DNA damage repair mechanisms, and the fidelity of nucleotide incorporation in cellular systems. -
Fungal Metabolite
3α,11β,21-Trihydroxy-20-oxo-5β-pregnan-18-al is a fungal metabolite known for its role in biological processes associated with gut fungi. This compound exhibits various biological activities that contribute to the understanding of fungal metabolism and its impact on human health. It serves as a valuable research tool in studies investigating the interactions between gut microbiota and host physiology. -
Endogenous Metabolite
C16-18:1 PC (1-O-Hexadecyl-2-oleoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine) is an endogenous metabolite and a pro-inflammatory lipid mediator from the platelet-activating factor (PAF) family of glycerophospholipids. This compound exhibits diverse biological activities and plays a significant role in signaling pathways related to inflammation. C16-18:1 PC can be utilized in research applications involving lipid metabolism, cell signaling, and inflammatory processes, providing insights into the underlying mechanisms of various diseases. -
Endogenous metabolites
Prostaglandin F1β is a C-9 epimer of prostaglandin F1α, primarily targeting endogenous metabolites in biological systems. It is known to enhance respiratory rates in rabbits, making it valuable for research applications in respiratory physiology and metabolic regulation. Additionally, its role in various signaling pathways opens avenues for studying inflammatory processes and reproductive biology. -
Endogenous metabolites
5-trans Prostaglandin F2β is an endogenous metabolite and a key isomer of 5-trans Prostaglandin F2α, specifically the 9β-hydroxy form. This compound plays a significant role in various physiological processes, including vasodilation and modulation of reproductive functions. Its primary applications include research in cardiovascular biology and reproductive health, providing valuable insights into prostaglandin signaling pathways and their effects on cellular responses. -
Endogenous Metabolite
Kinetensin is an endogenous peptide that exhibits neurotensin-like properties. It has been isolated from pepsin-treated human plasma and functions as a neuromodulator, influencing various biological processes such as pain perception, neuroinflammation, and gastrointestinal functions. Kinetensin is utilized in research applications aimed at understanding neuropeptide signaling pathways and their implications in various physiological and pathological conditions. -
Endogenous Metabolite
[Leu5]-Enkephalin TFA is a pentapeptide that functions as an agonist at opioid receptors. This endogenous metabolite exhibits morphine-like properties, playing a significant role in pain modulation and analgesic pathways. Its biological activity makes it valuable in research focused on opioid signaling and the development of pain management therapies. -
Endogenous metabolites
Bicyclo-PGE2 is a stable decomposition product of prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) and 13,14-dihydro-15-ketone PGE2. This compound is recognized for its relevance in studying the biological effects of endogenous metabolites. Its unique structure allows researchers to investigate the biochemical pathways influenced by prostaglandins and their role in various physiological processes. Bicyclo-PGE2 is a valuable tool for exploring cell signaling mechanisms and inflammatory responses in various biological systems.
