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- Citicoline is a neuroprotective agent. It acts by enhancing cellular communication, stimulating the synthesis of SAMe, and increasing glucose metabolism.
- (S)-(?)-Perillyl alcohol is a monoterpene found in lavender, inhibits farnesylation of Ras, upregulates the mannose-6-phosphate receptor and induces apoptosis. Anti-cancer activity.
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Na+/H+ exchanger inhibitor
5-(N,N-Hexamethylene)-amiloride (Hexamethylene amiloride) derives from an amiloride and is a potent Na+/H+ exchanger inhibitor, which decreases the intracellular pH (pHi) and induces apoptosis in leukemic cells. -
XBP1 inhibitor
Toyocamycin (Vengicide) is an adenosine analog produced by Actinomycete, acts as an XBP1 inhibitor, inhibits IRE1α-induced ATP-dependent XBP1 mRNA cleavage, with an IC50 of 80 nM. - 5-Fluorouridine is a metabolite of 5-fluorouracil with anticancer activity.
- Tz-Feng Lin, .et al. , Mater Today Commun, 2022, 33: 104284
- Guggulsterone is a plant sterol derived from the gum resin of the tree Commiphora wightii. Guggulsterone inhibits the growth of a wide variety of tumor cells and induces apoptosis through down regulation of antiapoptotic gene products (IAP1, xIAP, Bfl-1/A1, Bcl-2, cFLIP and survivin), modulation of cell cycle proteins (cyclin D1 and c-Myc), activation of caspases and JNK, inhibition of Akt.
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vitamin B1 antagonist
Oxythiamine, an antimetabolite and a vitamin B1 antagonist, is a well-known thiamine antagonist and inhibitor of transketolase. -
CRBN modulator
Iberdomide (CC-220) is a cereblon (CRBN) modulator with an IC50 of 60 nM. -
HIF-1α inhibitor
Minocycline hydrochloride is a broad-spectrum tetracycline antibiotic, acting by binding to the bacterial 30S ribosomal subunit and inhibiting protein synthesis.- Viktoria Lazar, .et al. , Nature, 2022, 610: 540-546 PMID: 36198788
- L-Theanine (L-Glutamic Acid ??-ethyl amide??is a non-protein amino acid contained in green tea leaves, which blocks the binding of L-glutamic acid to glutamate receptors in the brain, and with neuroprotective and anti-oxidative activities.
- Betamethasone (hydrochloride) is a glucocorticoid steroid with anti-inflammatory and immunosuppressive properties.
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multi-kinase inhibitor
Rigosertib (ON-01910) is a multi-kinase inhibitor and a selective anti-cancer agent, which induces apoptosis by inhibition the PI3 kinase/Akt pathway, promots the phosphorylation of histone H2AX and induces G2/M arrest in cell cycle. -
HDAC inhibitor
Sulforaphane activates Nrf2 and inhibits high glucose-induced progression of pancreatic cancer via AMPK dependent signaling. Sulforaphane has shown anti-cancer and anti-inflammatory activities.- Satoshi Endo, .et al. , J Biochem, 2021, Mar 17 PMID: 33729485
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LDH inhibitor
Sodium oxamate (SO, Aminooxoacetic acid, Oxamic acid) is an inhibitor of lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) that specificly inhibits LDH?A. -
bitter taste receptor TAS2R1 agonist
Amarogentin (AG), a secoiridoid glycoside mainly extracted from Swertia and Gentiana roots, exhibits anti-oxidative, anti-tumour, and anti-diabetic activities. Amarogentin is an agonist for the bitter taste receptor TAS2R1 and inhibits in LAD-2 cells substance P-induced production of newly synthesized TNF-α. -
natural pterostilbene analogue
3'-Hydroxypterostilbene, a natural pterostilbene analogue, effectively inhibits the growth of human colon cancer cells (IC50s of 9.0, 40.2, and 70.9 ?M for COLO 205, HCT-116, and HT-29 cells, respectively) by inducing apoptosis and autophagy. - Chromium picolinate is a coordination complex consisting of chromium(III) and picolinic acid. It is used as a nutritional supplement for optimal insulin function in patients with Type 2 diabetes or promotion of weight loss.
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anti-tumor agent
Sophocarpine (monohydrate) is one of the significant alkaloid extracted from the traditional herb medicine Sophora flavescens which has many pharmacological properties such as anti-virus, anti-tumor, anti-inflammatory. -
Antioxidant agent
(E)-Methyl 4-coumarate (Methyl 4-hydroxycinnamate), found in several plants, such as green onion (Allium cepa) or noni (Morinda citrifolia L.) leaves. (E)-Methyl 4-coumarate cooperates with Carnosic Acid in inducing apoptosis and killing acute myeloid leukemia cells, but not normal peripheral blood mononuclear cells. Antioxidant and antimicrobial activity. -
anti-cancer agent
S-Allyl-L-cysteine, one of the organosulfur compounds found in AGE, possess various biological effects including neurotrophic activity, anti-cancer activity, anti-inflammatory activity. -
osteoclastogenesis ihibitor
Euphorbia factor L1, a diterpenoid isolated from Euphorbia lathyris, inhibits osteoclastogenesis and induces osteoclast apoptosis. -
antitumor agent
Perillyl alcohol, a monoterpene, is active in inducing apoptosis in tumor cells without affecting normal cells. -
Inhibitor of tumor angiogenesis and growth
4-Hydroxybenzyl alcohol is a phenolic compound widely distributed in various kinds of plants. Anti-inflammatory, anti-oxidant, anti-nociceptive activity. Neuroprotective effect. Inhibitor of tumor angiogenesis and growth. -
detergent
Glycochenodeoxycholic acid sodium salt (Chenodeoxycholylglycine sodium salt) is a bile acid formed in the liver from chenodeoxycholate and glycine. It acts as a detergent to solubilize fats for absorption and is itself absorbed. Glycochenodeoxycholic acid sodium salt (Chenodeoxycholylglycine sodium salt) induces hepatocyte apoptosis. -
inducer of heme oxygenase-1
Coniferaldehyde (Ferulaldehyde), isolated from the ethanol extract of Vitex rotundifolia fruits, is an effective inducer of heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1). -
flavoring agent
Vanillyl alcohol (p-(Hydroxymethyl)guaiacol), derived from vanillin, is a phenolic alcohol and is used as a flavoring agent in foods and beverages. -
anti-inflammatory agent
Cepharanthine is an alkaloid derived from Stephania cepharantha Hayata, with possesses anti-inflammatory and antioxidative activities. -
IRAK4/FLT3 inhibitor
Emavusertib, also known as CA-4948 is a potent IRAK4/FLT3 inhibitor with anti-tumor activity. CA-4948 demonstrated good cellular activity in ABC DLBCL and AML cell lines. CA-4948 demonstrated moderate to high selectivity in a panel of 329 kinases as well as exhibited desirable ADME and PK profiles including good oral bioavailability in mice, rat, and dog and showed >90% tumor growth inhibition in relevant tumor models with excellent correlation with in vivo PD modulation. -
mGluR II agonist
Xanthurenic acid is a putative endogenous Group II metabotropic glutamate receptor agonist, on sensory transmission in the thalamus. -
analgesic agent
Tetrahydropalmatine, an active component isolated from corydalis, possesses analgesic effects. Tetrahydropalmatine acts through inhibition of amygdaloid release of dopamine to inhibit an epileptic attack in rats. -
Anticancer agent
Flavokawain A is found in Piper methysticum (kava plant). It suppresses expression of iNOS and COX-2 in macrophages, decreases expression of Ki67, XIAP and survivin in urothelial cell carcinoma cells, and inhibits degradation of NF-kB.
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HMGB1 release inhibitor
Ethyl pyruvate is a simple derivative of the endogenous metabolite, pyruvic acid. Ethyl pyruvate is an anti-inflammatory agent. - Edratide (TV 4710) is a synthetic peptide of 19 amino acid based on the complementarity-determining region 1 (CDR1) of a human anti-DNA antibody that expresses a major idiotype denoted 16/6 Id. Edratide reduces the rates of apoptosis (Apoptosis) and down-regulates of caspase-8 and caspase-3, up-regulates Bcl-xL. Edratide has the potential for the research of systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE).
