Pimecrolimus is a natural ascomycin macrolactam that binds to macrophilin-12 (FKBP-12) and inhibits calcineurin as well as prolyl isomerase (rotamase).
Sodium orthovanadate is the chemical compound Na3VO4. It is an inhibitor of protein tyrosine phosphatases, alkaline phosphatases and a number of ATPases, most likely acting as a phosphate analogue.
D-erythro-Sphingosine (Erythrosphingosine) is a very potent activator of p32-kinase with an EC50 of 8 μM, and inhibits protein kinase C (PKC). D-erythro-Sphingosine (Erythrosphingosine) is also a PP2A activator.
3AC is a cell-permeable, selective inhibitor of SHIP1 polyphosphatase activity toward PIP3 (IC50 = 10 μM), but has no effect on SHIP2 or PTEN activity on PIP3.
Ceramide is a ceramide shown to be a potent modulator of proliferation and differentiation, used as a tool for studying the complex signaling associated with the ceramides.
Rbin-1 is a potent, reversible, and specific chemical inhibitor of eukaryotic ribosome biogenesis. Rbin-1 inhibits the ATPase with GI50 of 136 nM. Rbin-1 is a potent and selective chemical inhibitor of Midasin (Mdn1).
Enocyanin is an anthocyanin extracted from grapes. Enocyanin shows inhibitory effect on the leucine aminopeptidase, acid phosphatase, γ-glutamyl transpeptidase and esterase activity.
AS1949490 is a potent and selective SHIP-2 (SH2 domain-containing inositol 5?? phosphatase 2) inhibitor, with an IC50 of 620 nM. AS1949490 activated glucose metabolism via up-regulation of GLUT1 gene in L6 myotubes.