Proteases

Impulsin (AM 3112) is an active endogenous compound which can used for preventing virus infection of the respiratory tract.

Salicylic acid (2-Hydroxybenzoic acid) is a beta hydroxy acid that occurs as a natural compound in plants which is an inhibitor of ethylene biosynthesis and cyclooxygenase activity.

Sucralose is an activator of taste receptor, type 1, member 2 (T1R2) and taste receptor type 1, member 3 (T1R3).

Vitamin D2 (Ergocalciferol) is a form of vitamin D, used as a vitamin D supplement.

3-methoxy Tyramine (HCl) is a natural metabolite of dopamine, produced by catechol-O-methyltransferase (COMT).

Glutathione oxidized, or GSSG, results from glutathione undergoing oxidation. It plays a crucial role in neutralizing reactive oxygen species, a process that concurrently generates GSSG. This oxidized form of glutathione is pivotal in studies concerning sickle cells and erythrocytes, where it's utilized for research purposes.

Androsterone is a steroid hormone produced in the body from 5α-reduced metabolites of dehydroepiandrosterone. It is the major androgen excreted in urine as a metabolite of testosterone and is used as the international reference standard for androgenic activity.

Alagebrium Chloride, also known as ALT711, was the first drug candidate to be clinically tested for the purpose of breaking the crosslinks caused by advanced glycation endproducts (AGEs), thereby reversing one of the main mechanisms of aging.

Menaquinone-4 is a vitamin K, used as a hemostatic agent, and also a adjunctive therapy for the pain of osteoporosis.

Thymopentin is a synthetic pentapeptide corresponding to the amino acids 32-36 of thymopoietin and exhibiting the full biological activity of the natural hormone. It is an immunomodulator which has been studied for possible use in the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis, AIDS, and other primary immunodeficiencies.

D-α-Tocopherol acetate (D-Vitamin E acetate) can be hydrolyzed to d-alpha-tocopherol (VE) and absorbed in the small intestine.

Pyrogallol is a polyphenol compound, which has anti-fungal and anti-psoriatic properties. Pyrogallol is a reductant that is able to generate free radicals, in particular superoxide anions.

α-Lipoic Acid is an antioxidant, which is an essential cofactor of mitochondrial enzyme complexes. α-Lipoic Acid inhibits NF-κB-dependent HIV-1 LTR activation. α-Lipoic Acid induces endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress-mediated apoptosis in hepatoma cells.

Lipoic Acid, also known as R-(+)-alpha-Lipoic acid, is an organosulfur compound derived from octanoic acid. It is made in animals normally, and is essential for aerobic metabolism. It is also manufactured and is available as a dietary supplement in some countries where it is marketed as an antioxidant, and is available as a pharmaceutical drug in other countries.

Vitamin K1 a fat-soluble, naturally occurring vitamin required for blood coagulation and bone and vascular metabolism.

D-Melibiose is a disaccharide which is composed of one galactose and one glucose moiety in an alpha (1-6) glycosidic linkage.

Cytosine is a pyrimidine base that is a fundamental unit of nucleic acids.

Fumaric acid is a fundamental unit of nucleic acids.. It is a oncometabolite or an endogenous, cancer causing metabolite. High levels of this organic acid can be found in tumors or biofluids surrounding tumors. Its oncogenic action appears to due to its ability to inhibit prolyl hydroxylase-containing enzymes.

Glycocholic acid is a bile acid with anticancer activity, targeting against pump resistance-related and non-pump resistance-related pathways.

Stachyose is a prebiotic, a non-reducing tetrasaccharide in the rafnose family of oligosaccharides with few side efects.

Pyritinol, also known as pyrithioxine, is a neurotropic agent which reduces permeability of blood-brain barrier to phosphate. It has no vitamin B6 activity.

Pyridoxyl phosphate is a purinergic P2 receptor antagonist potentially for the treatment of tardive dyskinesia

L-Azetidine-2-carboxylic acid is an endogenous metabolite.

Sodium D-Pantothenate is a vitamin that performs an important role in the oxidation of fats and carbohydrates and certain amino acids. It is also a precursor in the biosynthesis of coenzyme A.

Longifolene is the common (or trivial) chemical name of a naturally occurring, oily liquid hydrocarbon found primarily in the high-boiling fraction of certain pine resins. The name is derived from that of a pine species from which the compound was isolated, Pinus longifolia (obsolete name for Pinus roxburghii Sarg.) Chemically, longifolene is a tricyclic sesquiterpene.

Cortisone is a naturally occurring glucocorticoid. It has been used in replacement therapy for adrenal insufficiency and as an anti-inflammatory agent. Cortisone itself is inactive. It is converted in the liver to the active metabolite HYDROCORTISONE.

Butylated hydroxytoluene is di-tert-butyl PHENOL with antioxidant properties.

Tartaric acid is an endogenous metabolite.

L-Lactic acid is used as a substrate for lactic acid dehydrogenase and lactate oxidase.

Octanoic acid is an antimicrobial pesticide used as a food contact surface sanitizer.

2'-Deoxyguanosine (Deoxyguanosine) is composed of the purine nucleoside guanine linked by its N9 nitrogen to the C1 carbon of deoxyribose.

Adenosine diphosphate is an adenine nucleotide containing two phosphate groups esterified to the sugar moiety at the 5'-position.

Uridine 5'-monophosphate (5'-?Uridylic acid), a monophosphate form of UTP, can be acquired either from a de novo pathway or degradation products of nucleotides and nucleic acids in vivo and is a major nucleotide analogue in mammalian milk.

Undecanoic acid (Undecanoate) is a monocarboxylic acid with antimycotic property, which inhibits the production of exocellular keratinase, lipase and the biosynthesis of several phospholipids in T. rubrum.

Oxtriphylline is a cough medicine derived from xanthine that acts as a bronchodilator to open up airways in the lung. Chemically, it is a salt of choline and theophylline. It classifies as an expectorant.

L-(-)-Fucose is classified as a member of the hexoses, plays a role in A and B blood group antigen substructure determination, selectin-mediated leukocyte-endothelial adhesion, and host-microbe interactions.

Citicoline Sodium is a neuroprotective agent. It acts by enhancing cellular communication, stimulating the synthesis of SAMe, and increasing glucose metabolism.

L-Citrulline is an amino acid derived from ornithine in the catabolism of proline or glutamine and glutamate, or from l-arginine via arginine-citrulline pathway.

L-lysine hydrochloride is an essential amino acid for humans with various benefits including treating herpes, increasing calcium absorption, reducing diabetes-related illnesses and improving gut health.

DL-Glutamine (Glutamin, 2-amino-4-carbamoylbutanoic acid) is a non-essential amino acid present abundantly throughout the body and is involved in many metabolic processes.

L-SelenoMethionine, an L-isomer of Selenomethionine, is a major natural food-form of selenium. L-SelenoMethionin is a cancer chemopreventive agent that can reduce cancer incidence by dietary supplementation and induce apoptosis of cancer cells.

L-Asparagine is a non-essential amino acid that is involved in the metabolic control of cell functions in nerve and brain tissue.

Creatine is an amino acid that occurs in vertebrate tissues and in urine. In muscle tissue, creatine generally occurs as phosphocreatine. Creatine is excreted as CREATININE in the urine.

Alanine is a non-essential amino acid that occurs in high levels in its free state in plasma. It is produced from pyruvate by transamination. It is involved in sugar and acid metabolism, increases IMMUNITY, and provides energy for muscle tissue, BRAIN, and the CENTRAL NERVOUS SYSTEM.

Aspartic acid is one of the non-essential amino acids commonly occurring in the L-form. It is found in animals and plants, especially in sugar cane and sugar beets. It may be a neurotransmitter.

Methionine is a sulfur-containing essential L-amino acid that is important in many body functions.

Cysteine is a thiol-containing non-essential amino acid that is oxidized to form CYSTINE.

Eicosapentaenoic Acid (EPA; Timnodonic acid) is an omega-3 fatty acid.

Citicoline is a neuroprotective agent. It acts by enhancing cellular communication, stimulating the synthesis of SAMe, and increasing glucose metabolism.

Pyrithioxine HCl is a neurotropic agent which reduces permeability of blood-brain barrier to phosphate. It has no vitamin B6 activity.