Apoptosis related

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  1. HO-1 inhibitor

    Zinc Protoporphyrin (Zn(II)-protoporphyrin IX) is a competitive heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1) inhibitor, markedly attenuates the protective effects of Phloroglucinol (PG) against H2O2.
  2. HDAC inhibitor

    Sulforaphane activates Nrf2 and inhibits high glucose-induced progression of pancreatic cancer via AMPK dependent signaling. Sulforaphane has shown anti-cancer and anti-inflammatory activities.
  3. HIF-1α inhibitor

    Minocycline hydrochloride is a broad-spectrum tetracycline antibiotic, acting by binding to the bacterial 30S ribosomal subunit and inhibiting protein synthesis.
  4. LDH inhibitor

    Sodium oxamate (SO, Aminooxoacetic acid, Oxamic acid) is an inhibitor of lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) that specificly inhibits LDH?A.
  5. Cdc42 GTPase inhibitor

    CASIN is a novel and potent Cdc42 inhibitor.
  6. Apoptosis inhibitor

    COG1410 is an apolipoprotein E-derived peptide and an apoptosis inhibitor. COG1410 exerts neuroprotective and antiinflammatory effects in a murine model of traumatic brain injury (TBI). COG1410 can be used for the research of neurological disease.
  7. GRP78 inhibitor

    YUM70 is a potent inhibitor of GRP78 (Glucose-regulated protein, 78 kDa).
  8. HMGB1 release inhibitor

    Ethyl pyruvate is a simple derivative of the endogenous metabolite, pyruvic acid. Ethyl pyruvate is an anti-inflammatory agent.
  9. Rac1/Cdc42 Inhibitor

    AZA1 is a potent dual inhibitor of Rac1 and Cdc42, key regulators of cell signaling pathways. This compound has been shown to induce apoptosis in prostate cancer cells while simultaneously inhibiting their proliferation, migration, and invasion. AZA1 serves as a valuable tool for research into the molecular mechanisms of prostate cancer progression and potential therapeutic interventions.
  10. Tyrosinase Inhibitor

    Norartocarpetin is a potent tyrosinase inhibitor, demonstrating significant inhibition with an IC50 value of 0.47 μM. This compound serves as an effective antibrowning agent for food systems research and exhibits notable anticancer activity against lung carcinoma cells (NCI-H460) with an IC50 of 22 μM. Its antiproliferative effects are mediated through targeting the Ras/Raf/MAPK signaling pathway, inducing mitochondrial-mediated apoptosis, causing S-phase cell cycle arrest, and inhibiting cell migration and invasion in human lung carcinoma cells.
  11. HDAC Inhibitor

    HC-Toxin is a potent histone deacetylase (HDAC) inhibitor with an IC50 of 30 nM. This cyclic tetrapeptide effectively induces apoptosis in tumor cells, demonstrating significant anticancer activity. Its mechanism of action makes it valuable for research in cancer therapy and the modulation of gene expression.
  12. Cdc42 GTPase Inhibitor

    ML141 (CID-2950007) is a potent, allosteric, selective and reversible non-competitive inhibitor of Cdc42 GTPase. ML141 inhibits Cdc42 wild type and Cdc42 Q61L mutant with EC50s of 2.1 and 2.6 μM, respectively. ML141 shows low micromolar potency and selectivity against other members of the Rho family of GTPases (Rac1, Rab2, Rab7). ML141 do not show cytotoxicity in multiple cell lines.
  13. Topoisomerase IV Inhibitor

    Ciprofloxacin is a potent topoisomerase IV inhibitor that demonstrates significant antibacterial activity as a fluoroquinolone antibiotic. It induces both mitochondrial and nuclear DNA damage, leading to mitochondrial dysfunction and increased reactive oxygen species (ROS) production. Ciprofloxacin exhibits anti-proliferative properties and triggers apoptotic pathways, making it a valuable tool for research applications focused on bacterial infections, oxidative stress, and cancer biology.
  14. Tubulin Inhibitor

    Demecolcine is a potent tubulin inhibitor that effectively disrupts microtubule polymerization, exhibiting an IC50 value of 2.4 μM. By binding to tubulin dimers, Demecolcine exerts anti-mitotic effects, hindering cellular division. This compound is primarily utilized in research related to inflammatory disorders and various cancer pathways, making it valuable for studies focused on cell cycle regulation and targeted therapies.
  15. α-mannosidase inhibitor

    Swainsonine (also known as Tridolgosir) is a naturally occurring indolizidine alkaloid and a potent, reversible inhibitor of α-mannosidase. By interfering with glycoprotein processing, Swainsonine disrupts key cellular signaling pathways, leading to apoptosis and G₂/M phase cell cycle arrest. It exhibits significant antitumor activity and has been widely studied for its potential role in cancer therapeutics and glycosylation-related biological processes.
  16. BRD4-p53 inhibitor

    SDU-071 is a potent, orally active inhibitor targeting the BRD4-p53 interaction. It inhibits the proliferation of MDA-MB-231 cells with an IC₅₀ of 10.5 μM and induces cell cycle arrest and apoptosis.
  17. EZH2/BRD4 inhibitor

    YM458 is a potent dual inhibitor of EZH2 and BRD4, with IC₅₀ values of 490 nM and 34 nM, respectively. It suppresses cell proliferation and colony formation, and induces cell cycle arrest and apoptosis in solid tumor cells. YM458 is suitable for anticancer research.
  18. CECR2 inhibitor

    NVS-CECR2-1 is a potent and selective non-BET family bromodomain (BRD) inhibitor targeting cat eye syndrome chromosome region, candidate 2 (CECR2). It binds CECR2 BRD with high affinity (IC50 = 47 nM; KD = 80 nM). NVS-CECR2-1 exhibits cytotoxic activity and induces apoptosis in various cancer cells through both CECR2-dependent and CECR2-independent mechanisms.
  19. Gαq/11/14 Inhibitor

    FR900359 is a cyclic depsipeptide and a selective inhibitor of Gαq/11/14 proteins in mammals. By targeting Gαq signaling, it effectively inhibits downstream pathways such as the ERK cascade. FR900359 has demonstrated the ability to suppress melanoma cell proliferation, lower blood pressure, and protect against airway hyperreactivity in murine models of allergen sensitization, such as the ovalbumin-induced asthma model.
  20. LSD1 inhibitor

    Bomedemstat (IMG-7289) is an orally active, irreversible inhibitor of lysine-specific demethylase 1 (LSD1). By inhibiting LSD1, it increases methylation of histone marks H3K4 and H3K9, leading to altered gene expression. Bomedemstat exhibits potent anti-cancer activity by inhibiting cancer cell proliferation and inducing apoptosis, and is being explored as a therapeutic agent in hematologic malignancies and other cancers.
  21. Menin-KMT2A inhibitor

    Bleximenib (JNJ-75276617) is an orally active and highly selective menin–KMT2A (MLL) interaction inhibitor, with IC50 values of 0.1 nM in humans, 0.045 nM in mice, and ≤0.066 nM in dogs. It effectively inhibits the proliferation of tumor cells and induces apoptosis and differentiation, particularly in malignancies driven by KMT2A rearrangements. Bleximenib is a promising therapeutic candidate for the study and treatment of leukemia and other menin-dependent cancers.
  22. Menin-KMT2A inhibitor

    Bleximenib (JNJ-75276617) oxalate is an orally active and highly selective inhibitor of the menin–KMT2A (MLL) interaction, with IC50 values of 0.1 nM in humans, 0.045 nM in mice, and ≤0.066 nM in dogs. It effectively inhibits tumor cell proliferation and induces apoptosis and differentiation, particularly in cancers driven by KMT2A rearrangements. Bleximenib oxalate is a promising candidate for research in leukemia and other menin–KMT2A-dependent malignancies.
  23. APE1/REF-1 redox inhibitor

    APX2009 is a specific inhibitor of APE1/REF-1 redox activity with demonstrated anticancer properties. It reduces the proliferation, migration, and invasion of breast cancer cells and induces apoptosis. APX2009 holds potential for targeted cancer therapy by disrupting redox-regulated transcription factors involved in tumor progression.
  24. Osteoclast formation inhibitor

    ABD56 is a bioactive compound that inhibits osteoclast formation and induces osteoclast apoptosis. Its mechanism of action involves suppression of the NFκB and ERK signaling pathways, making it a promising candidate for research in bone metabolism and osteolytic diseases.
  25. PGAM1 inhibitor

    HKB99 is an allosteric inhibitor of phosphoglycerate mutase 1 (PGAM1) that induces apoptosis and suppresses cell migration by inhibiting the formation of invasive pseudopodia. It increases oxidative stress, activates the JNK/c-Jun pathway, and downregulates AKT and ERK signaling. HKB99 is a promising compound for the study of non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC).
  26. Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress Inhibitor

    Tauroursodeoxycholate (Tauroursodeoxycholic acid; TDUCA) dihydrate is an inhibitor of endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress that significantly downregulates pro-apoptotic molecules, including caspase-3 and caspase-12. Additionally, it suppresses ERK signaling, contributing to its cytoprotective and anti-apoptotic effects.
  27. EGFR inhibitor

    Avitinib (Abivertinib) maleate is a third-generation, irreversible, and orally active selective EGFR inhibitor with IC50 values of 0.18 nM for both EGFR^L858R and EGFR^T790M, and 7.68 nM for wild-type EGFR. In addition to its EGFR-targeting activity, Avitinib maleate also inhibits BTK phosphorylation and induces apoptosis in mantle cell lymphoma models, demonstrating broad-spectrum anticancer efficacy.
  28. CBSI inhibitor

    MY-673 is a colchicine binding site inhibitor (CBSI) that disrupts microtubule dynamics by inhibiting tubulin polymerization. In addition to its antimitotic effects, MY-673 suppresses the ERK signaling pathway, which leads to modulation of SMAD4 protein expression within the TGF-β/SMAD signaling axis. These combined actions result in potent inhibition of cancer cell proliferation and migration, and the induction of apoptosis, both in vitro and in vivo. MY-673 holds promise as a therapeutic candidate for targeting cancers driven by aberrant microtubule dynamics and dysregulated TGF-β/ERK signaling.
  29. phospholipase A2/HDAC2 inhibitor

    Rhamnetin is a naturally occurring flavonoid and quercetin derivative found in *Coriandrum sativum*. It functions as an inhibitor of secretory phospholipase A₂ and histone deacetylase 2 (HDAC2), contributing to its broad pharmacological profile. Rhamnetin exhibits notable antitumor, antioxidant, and anti-inflammatory activities, making it a promising compound for research in cancer, oxidative stress-related conditions, and inflammatory diseases.
  30. HDAC inhibitor

    Alteminostat (CKD-581) is a potent, broad-spectrum histone deacetylase (HDAC) inhibitor that targets both class I and class II HDAC isoforms. It promotes histone H3 and α-tubulin acetylation, indicating effective inhibition of nuclear and cytoplasmic HDAC activity. Alteminostat is being investigated for its therapeutic potential in hematologic malignancies, including lymphoma and multiple myeloma, and serves as a valuable tool in epigenetic cancer research.
  31. HDAC inhibitor

    MC1742 is a potent pan-HDAC inhibitor with broad activity across multiple HDAC isoforms, exhibiting IC₅₀ values of 0.1 μM (HDAC1), 0.11 μM (HDAC2), 0.02 μM (HDAC3), 0.007 μM (HDAC6), 0.61 μM (HDAC8), 0.04 μM (HDAC10), and 0.1 μM (HDAC11). It effectively increases acetylation of histone H3 and α-tubulin, markers of HDAC inhibition. MC1742 inhibits the growth of cancer stem cells (CSCs), and induces growth arrest, apoptosis, and differentiation, particularly in sarcoma CSC models, making it a promising candidate for targeting therapy-resistant cancer cell populations.
  32. HDAC6 inhibitor

    SelSA is a selective and orally active histone deacetylase 6 (HDAC6) inhibitor with an IC₅₀ of 56.9 nM. It also inhibits ERK1/2 phosphorylation, contributing to its anticancer effects. SelSA suppresses the proliferation of breast cancer and hepatocellular carcinoma cells with IC₅₀ values ranging from 0.58 to 2.6 μM, inhibits migration and invasion of Huh7 cells, and induces apoptosis. In vivo, SelSA demonstrates significant antitumor activity, supporting its potential as a therapeutic agent for solid tumors.
  33. HDAC inhibitor

    KH16 is a potent histone deacetylase (HDAC) inhibitor with low nanomolar activity, selectively targeting class I HDACs—HDAC1, HDAC2, and HDAC3—with IC₅₀ values ranging from 6 to 34 nM. It effectively induces apoptosis and exhibits broad-spectrum antitumor activity across cancer cells with diverse gene expression profiles, making it a promising candidate for epigenetic cancer therapy research.
  34. ErbB2 inhibitor

    AG-825 is a selective, ATP-competitive inhibitor of ErbB2 (HER2) tyrosine kinase, with an IC₅₀ of 0.35 μM. It exhibits both anticancer and anti-inflammatory activities and has been shown to significantly accelerate apoptosis in human neutrophils. AG-825 also increases β₁-adrenergic receptor (β₁AR) density, suggesting potential cardiomodulatory effects. Due to its multifaceted biological activity, AG-825 is a valuable compound for research in oncology, inflammation, and cardiovascular disease.
  35. NF-κB p65 Inhibitor

    Licochalcone D is a naturally occurring flavonoid primarily found in the root of *Glycyrrhiza uralensis* (Chinese licorice). It functions as a potent and orally active inhibitor of the NF-κB p65 subunit, a key regulator of inflammation and cancer-related signaling pathways. Licochalcone D exhibits broad pharmacological properties, including antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and anticancer activities, making it a promising candidate for research in inflammation-related diseases and oncology.
  36. HDAC6 inhibitor

    AES-350 is a potent and orally bioavailable histone deacetylase 6 (HDAC6) inhibitor, with an IC₅₀ of 0.0244 μM and a Kᵢ of 0.035 μM. It also exhibits inhibitory activity against HDAC3 and HDAC8, with IC₅₀ values of 0.187 μM and 0.245 μM, respectively. AES-350 induces apoptosis in acute myeloid leukemia (AML) cells through HDAC inhibition, making it a promising compound for AML research and the development of epigenetic-based cancer therapies.
  37. POLA1-HDAC11 Inhibitor

    GEM144 is a potent and orally bioavailable dual inhibitor of DNA polymerase α (POLA1) and histone deacetylase 11 (HDAC11). It promotes p53 acetylation, induces p21 activation, and triggers G1/S cell cycle arrest followed by apoptosis. GEM144 exhibits significant antitumor efficacy in human orthotopic malignant pleural mesothelioma xenograft models, highlighting its potential as a targeted therapeutic agent for aggressive thoracic malignancies.
  38. POLA1/HDAC 11 Inhibitor

    MIR002 is a potent, orally bioavailable dual inhibitor targeting DNA polymerase α (POLA1) and histone deacetylase 11 (HDAC11). It induces p53 acetylation, upregulates p21 expression, and triggers G1/S cell cycle arrest followed by apoptosis. MIR002 demonstrates significant antitumor efficacy in vivo, highlighting its potential as a therapeutic agent for cancers driven by POLA1 and HDAC11 dysregulation.
  39. Casein Kinase inhibitor

    BTX-A51 (Casein Kinase Inhibitor A51) is a potent, orally bioavailable inhibitor of casein kinase 1α (CK1α). It effectively induces apoptosis in leukemia cells and demonstrates strong anti-leukemic activity in preclinical models, making it a promising therapeutic candidate for hematologic malignancies.
  40. SUV39H1 methyltransferase inhibitor

    F5446 (Compound 1) is a selective small-molecule inhibitor of the histone methyltransferase SUV39H1. By reducing H3K9 trimethylation (H3K9me3) at the Fas promoter, F5446 upregulates Fas expression and enhances the sensitivity of colorectal carcinoma cells to Fas ligand (FasL)-induced apoptosis in vitro. In vivo, F5446 effectively suppresses the growth of human colorectal tumor xenografts, highlighting its potential as an epigenetic therapeutic agent in cancer treatment.
  41. leukotriene biosynthesis inhibitor

    MK-886 is an inhibitor of leukotriene biosynthesis (IC50 = 3 nM in human polymorphonuclear leukocytes).
  42. multi-kinase inhibitor

    Lestaurtinib (CEP-701;KT-5555) is a multi-kinase inhibitor with potent activity against the Trk family of receptor tyrosine kinases. Lestaurtinib inhibits JAK2, FLT3 and TrkA with IC50s of 0.9, 3 and less than 25 nM, respectively.
  43. miR-544 inhibitor

    SID 3712249 (MiR-544 Inhibitor 1) is an inhibitor of the biogenesis of microRNA-544 (miR-544).
  44. nuclear transport receptor importin-β inhibitor

    Importazole is a cell-permeable inhibitor of importin-β. It specifically inhibits the function of importin-β, likely by altering its interaction with RanGTP.
  45. ER stress inhibitor

    Tauroursodeoxycholate (TUDCA; UR 906; Taurolite) is an endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress inhibitor.
  46. OC2 inhibitor

    CSRM617 is an inhibitor of the transcription factor ONECUT2 (OC2), thereby suppressing metastasis in mice.

  47. GGTase I inhibitor

    GGTI298 Trifluoroacetate is a CAAZ peptidomimetic geranylgeranyltransferase I (GGTase I) inhibitor, which can inhibit Rap1A with IC50 of 3 μM; little effect on Ha-Ras with IC50 of >20 μM.
  48. CYP51 inhibitor

    Tebuconazole is a triazole fungicide used agriculturally to treat plant pathogenic fungi.
  49. RhoA subfamily Rho GTPases inhibitor

    Rhosin hydrochloride is a potent, specific RhoA subfamily Rho GTPases inhibitor.
  50. DOT1L inhibitor

    EPZ004777 hydrochloride is a potent, selective DOT1L inhibitor with IC50 of 0.4 nM.

Items 1-50 of 82

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