Cytoskeleton

Podophyllotoxin is a potent inhibitor of microtubule assembly that binds at the colchicine site of tubulin.

SB 743921, a second generation KSP inhibitor, is a highly potent and active therapeutic in preclinical models of cancer.

Vincristine is a mitotic inhibitor, and is used in cancer chemotherapy.

Vinflunine Tartrate is a tartrate salt of vinflunine that destabilizes microtubules with an IC50 of 18.8 nM and interferes with the dynamics of microtubules during cell division.

KSP inhibitor ARRY-520 specifically inhibits KSP (kinesin-5 or Eg5) with potential antineoplastic activity.

Clanfenur is a potent cytotoxic agent with potential anti-neoplastic activity.

4-Oxo-4-HPR is an inhibitor of tubulin polymerization, inducing marked G2-M cell cycle arrest and apoptosis in fenretinide-sensitive and fenretinide-resistant cell lines. It is also a fenretinide metabolite.

Tropomyosin-2 Human Recombinant

Tropomyosin-3 Human Recombinant

Myosin Light Chain 9 Human Recombinant

Tropomyosin-4 Human Recombinant

Myosin Light Chain 7 Human Recombinant

Myosin Light Chain 2, Mouse Anti Human

Myosin Light Chain 4, Mouse Anti Human

Myosin Light Chain 2 Human Recombinant

Myosin Light Chain 12A Human Recombinant

Myosin Light Chain 5 Human Recombinant

Myosin Light Chain 5 (1-173 a.a.) Human Recombinant

Myosin Light Chain 6B Human Recombinant

Myosin Light Chain 4 Human Recombinant

Myosin Light Chain 12B Human Recombinant

Myosin Light Chain 6 Human Recombinant

Myosin Light Chain 9 Mouse Recombinant

Myosin Binding Protein C, Cardiac Human Recombinant

Myosin Light chain, Phosphorylatable, Fast Skeletal Muscle Human Recombinant

Myosin Light Chain 1 Human Recombinant

Non-Muscle Myosin-II Regulatory Light Chain Human Recombinant

Methylophiopogonanone B is a homoisoflavonoid that serves as a Ras activator. Isolated from the root of Ophiopogon japonicus, it exhibits potent antioxidant properties. This compound enhances GTP-Rho levels and activates the Rho signaling pathway, thereby inducing morphological changes in cells, such as actin cytoskeletal reorganization, dendrite retraction, and stress fiber formation. It is a valuable reagent for research into cellular signaling and structural dynamics.

Shz-1, a small cardiogenic molecule, primarily targets cardiac-specific gene expression. It has been shown to induce the expression of key cardiac markers, including sarcomeric tropomyosin in P19CL6 cells and Nkx2.5 in mouse models. Additionally, Shz-1 activates the axolotl TPM4 promoter, driving ectopic expression in C2C12 cells. This compound is valuable for research in cardiac development and regenerative medicine.

Blebbistatin is a selective non-muscle myosin II (NMII) inhibitor, promotes directional migration of corneal endothelial cells (CECs) and accelerates wound healing, and better preserves cell junctional integrity and barrier function. Blebbistatin blocks cell migration.

Demecolcine is a potent tubulin inhibitor that effectively disrupts microtubule polymerization, exhibiting an IC50 value of 2.4 μM. By binding to tubulin dimers, Demecolcine exerts anti-mitotic effects, hindering cellular division. This compound is primarily utilized in research related to inflammatory disorders and various cancer pathways, making it valuable for studies focused on cell cycle regulation and targeted therapies.

GM-90257 is a potent microtubule acetylation inhibitor that directly binds to α-tubulin. By preventing the recruitment of α-tubulin acetyltransferase 1 (αTAT1) to the K40 residue, GM-90257 disrupts microtubule dynamics, leading to apoptotic cell death. It downregulates Bcl-2 and activates key apoptotic pathways, including JNK and PARP. This compound demonstrates significant anticancer activity in breast cancer models, making it a valuable tool for research in cancer therapeutics and microtubule biology.

MPT0B214 is a potent microtubule inhibitor that targets the colchicine binding site of tubulin, effectively preventing tubulin polymerization. This compound induces apoptosis via a mitochondrial/caspase 9 dependent pathway and exhibits significant cytotoxic effects across a range of human tumor cell lines. MPT0B214 is suitable for applications in cancer research, allowing for further exploration of microtubule dynamics and therapeutic strategies.

DPQZ is an anti-tubulin agent that disrupts microtubule dynamics, leading to inhibition of cell separation and inducing cell cycle arrest at the G2/M phase. Additionally, DPQZ triggers caspase-dependent apoptosis in HSC-3 cells through the inhibition of Ras/Raf signaling and the activation of MAP kinase pathways. This compound is relevant for research applications in studying oral cancer biology and therapeutic strategies.

Trilexium is a potent tubulin polymerization inhibitor that effectively disrupts microtubule integrity. This compound promotes the expression of p21 protein and triggers apoptotic pathways, demonstrating significant anti-cancer activities across various cell lines. Trilexium holds promise for research applications focused on cancer biology and novel therapeutic strategies targeting microtubule dynamics.

Tubulin polymerization-IN-68 is a potent tubulin inhibitor that disrupts tubulin polymerization, thereby destabilizing the microtubule network within cells. This compound induces apoptosis by upregulating PARP-1 and caspase-3 expression, showcasing significant anticancer properties. Tubulin polymerization-IN-68 demonstrates effective inhibition of HepG2 cells with an IC50 of 93 nM and substantially reduces the growth of HepG2 xenograft tumors in nude mice when administered orally, making it a valuable tool for cancer research.

Simotaxel is a microtubule-stabilizing agent that acts as an orally active derivative of the taxane class. It binds to β-tubulin, promoting tubulin polymerization with an EC₅₀ of 0.9 μM, while inhibiting tubulin depolymerization and causing cell cycle arrest in the G₂-M phase. Additionally, Simotaxel disrupts mitotic spindle formation and activates the caspase-dependent apoptotic pathway. This compound is particularly relevant for research into Paclitaxel- and Docetaxel-resistant solid tumors, demonstrating inhibitory effects on cell lines sensitive to these treatments.

STK899704 is a potent tubulin polymerization inhibitor that demonstrates broad-spectrum antitumor activity across various cancer cell lines, with IC50 values between 0.2 and 1.0 μM. By disrupting mitotic spindle formation, STK899704 induces G2/M phase cell cycle arrest and decreases cell migration in HT29 cells through the FAK-MEK-ERK signaling axis, leading to reduced expression and activity of MMP-2 and MMP-9. This compound activates caspases 3, 7, 8, and 9, resulting in PARP cleavage and subsequent apoptosis, alongside triggering cellular senescence via the p53 pathway. STK899704 is applicable in research focusing on skin cancer, lung cancer, colon cancer, and other malignancies.

α5β1 integrin agonist-1 is a potent agonist of the α5β1 integrin, exhibiting an EC50 of 1.5 nM. This compound also inhibits α4β1 integrin activity with an IC50 of 2.99 μM, as demonstrated in Jurkat/VCAM-1 adhesion assays. α5β1 integrin agonist-1 induces concentration-dependent apoptosis and activates the caspase 3/7 pathway in α5β1 integrin-expressing K562 cancer cells. This reagent is suitable for investigations into cancer biology, particularly in studies focusing on integrin-mediated signaling pathways.

SB-216 is a tubulin polymerization inhibitor that penetrates the blood-brain barrier. It demonstrates significant antitumor activity by inhibiting tumor cell proliferation and migration, as well as inducing apoptosis and cell cycle arrest. With favorable in vivo metabolic stability and low toxicity, SB-216 is suitable for research applications focused on various tumors, including melanoma, although its oral bioavailability is limited.

Taccalonolide E is a microtubule stabilizer that enhances microtubule polymerization and stability, leading to disruption of mitotic spindle formation. This compound effectively induces apoptosis in various cancer cell types by activating pathways associated with cell cycle arrest. Taccalonolide E is useful for research involving cancer biology, specifically in studies targeting microtubule dynamics and apoptotic mechanisms.

MPT0B014 is a potent tubulin polymerization inhibitor that disrupts microtubule dynamics. This compound has been shown to induce apoptosis in cancer cells, making it a valuable tool for studying cancer biology and therapeutic interventions. MPT0B014 is suitable for research focused on cancer treatment strategies and cellular response to microtubule-targeting agents.

Tubulin inhibitor 11 is a potent inhibitor of tubulin that acts by targeting the colchicine binding site on tubulin. It effectively inhibits tubulin polymerization, resulting in mitotic blockade and the induction of apoptosis. This compound is a valuable tool for research applications investigating cell division, cancer biology, and the mechanisms of drug resistance.

Tubulin polymerization-IN-56 is a potent inhibitor of tubulin polymerization that targets the colchicine binding site. This indazole derivative effectively induces cell cycle arrest and promotes cellular apoptosis. Additionally, Tubulin polymerization-IN-56 reduces cell migration, resulting in significant inhibition of tumor growth in vivo and demonstrating its potential for cancer research applications.

Thiocolchicine is a tubulin polymerization inhibitor that exhibits enhanced biological properties compared to its parent compound, colchicine. With an IC50 of 2.5 µM, it competitively binds to tubulin with a Ki of 0.7 µM, effectively disrupting microtubule dynamics and inducing cell apoptosis. Thiocolchicine serves as a valuable cytotoxin in antibody-drug conjugate (ADC) technology, making it an important reagent for cancer research and therapeutic development.

K34c hydrochloride is a selective antagonist of the α5β1 integrin, which plays a significant role in cell adhesion and migration. This compound effectively mitigates chemotherapy-induced premature senescence and enhances apoptosis in cellular models. K34c hydrochloride is particularly applicable in glioblastoma research, providing insights into tumor cell behavior and therapeutic responses.

MY-1442 is a microtubulin polymerization inhibitor that functions by targeting colchicine binding sites on tubulin. This compound exhibits significant anticancer activity, effectively inducing apoptosis in MGC-803 cells. Additionally, MY-1442 has been shown to inhibit cell migration, making it a valuable reagent for research applications in cancer biology and cell motility studies.

FC-116 is a potent tubulin inhibitor that disrupts microtubule dynamics, leading to the inhibition of colorectal cancer (CRC) cell proliferation. It demonstrates significant activity with IC50 values of 4.52 nM in HCT116 cells and 18.69 nM in CT26 cells. By inducing endoplasmic reticulum stress and generating excess reactive oxygen species (ROS), FC-116 promotes mitochondrial damage and apoptosis in CRC cells. This compound also exhibits substantial anti-tumor effects in vivo, making it a valuable reagent for colorectal cancer research.

Taltobulin trifluoroacetate is a potent tubulin inhibitor that targets microtubule dynamics. This synthetic analogue of hemiasterlin effectively inhibits the polymerization of purified tubulin, leading to disrupted microtubule organization within cells. Taltobulin trifluoroacetate induces mitotic arrest and apoptosis, making it a valuable compound for research in cancer biology and studies focused on overcoming P-glycoprotein-mediated drug resistance.

Antiproliferative agent-23 is a microtubule-destabilizing agent that disrupts the tubulin-microtubule system. It induces apoptosis through a mitochondrion-dependent mechanism by downregulating Bcl-2, while upregulating Bax and Cyt c proteins, thereby activating the caspase cascade. Additionally, antiproliferative agent-23 triggers reactive oxygen species (ROS)-mediated endoplasmic reticulum stress in A549/CDDP cells via the PERK/ATF4/CHOP signaling pathway, demonstrating significant anti-tumor activity. This compound is suitable for research applications aimed at understanding cancer biology and therapeutic interventions.