DNA/RNA Synthesis

Cycloheximide (also known as actidione) is used as an selective antibiotic. It inhibits the protein synthesis (DNA-dependent RNA) of saprobic fungi eukaryotes. by binding with the 80S ribosome, while inactive against dermatophytes and systemic fungi.

Fluorouracil (Adrucil) is a suicide inhibitor and works through irreversible inhibition of thymidylate synthase.

Bleomycin sulfate is a mixture of the sulfate salts of basic glycopeptide antineoplastic antibiotics isolated from Streptomyces verticillus.

Carboplatin is a chemotherapy drug used against some forms of cancer (mainly ovarian carcinoma, lung, head and neck cancers). Cisplatin and carboplatin, as well as oxaliplatin, interact with DNA, akin to the mechanism of alkylating agents.

Cidofovir (Vistide) is an antiviral used for the treatment of cytomegalovirus (CMV) infection (ie: retinitis).

Cisplatin was the first member of a class of platinum-containing anti-cancer drugs, which now also includes carboplatin and oxaliplatin. These platinum complexes react in vivo, binding to and causing crosslinking of DNA, which ultimately triggers apoptosis (programmed cell death).

Clafen (Cyclophosphamide) is a nitrogen mustard alkylating agent. An alkylating agent adds an alkyl group (CnH2n+1) to DNA. It attaches the alkyl group to the guanine base of DNA, at the number 7 nitrogen atom of the imidazole ring.

Clofarabine is a second generation purine nucleoside analog with antineoplastic activity

Dacarbazine is an antineoplastic chemotherapy drug used in the treatment of various cancers.Dacarbazine is a member of the class of alkylating agents, which destroy cancer cells by adding an alkyl group (CnH2n+1) to its DNA.

Daptomycin is a lipopeptide antibiotic used in the treatment of certain infections caused by Gram-positive organisms.

Oxaliplatin is a platinum-based antineoplastic agent that is used in cancer chemotherapy. In vivo studies showed that Oxaliplatin has anti-tumor activity against colon carcinoma through its (non-targeted) cytotoxic effects.

Floxuridine is an oncology drug that belongs to the class known as antimetabolites.

Fludarabine or fludarabine phosphate (Fludara) is a chemotherapy drug used in the treatment of hematological malignancies (cancers of blood cells such as leukemias and lymphomas) .Fludarabine inhibits DNA synthesis by interfering with ribonucleotide reductase and DNA polymerase. It is active against both dividing and resting cells.

Tegafur is a chemotherapeutic 5-FU prodrug used in the treatment of cancers. It is a component of tegafur-uracil.

Gemcitabine (Gemzar) is a newer chemotherapy drug acting by replacing one of the building blocks of nucleic acids during DNA replication in cancer cells, preventing tumor growth.

Ifosfamide is a cytostatic agent that is structurally related to cyclophosphamide.

Levofloxacin is a fluoroquinolone antibiotic. It is active against S. aureus, S. epidermidis, B. subtilis, E. coli, P. aeruginosa, and K. pneumoniae (MICs = 0.25, 0.25, 0.5, 0.03, 4, and 0.25 μg/ml, respectively).

Lincomycin is a lincosamide antibiotic isolated from Streptomyces lincolnensis which is reported to inhibit bacterial protein synthesis and is concentration dependent.

Lomustine is an alkylating nitrosourea compound that possesses antitumor activity similar to Carmustine causing DNA interstrand cross-linking.

Mercaptopurine has been shown to interfere with DNA and RNA synthesis and cause inhibition of de novo purine syntehsis.

Mizoribine is an imidazole nucleoside immunosuppressant agent that was first isolated from the mold Eupenicillium brefeldimium with antibiotic and cytotoxic effects.

Nelarabine is a purine nucleoside analog converted to its corresponding arabinosylguanine nucleotide triphosphate (araGTP), resulting in inhibition of DNA synthesis and cytotoxicity.

Trifluridine is an anti-herpesvirus antiviral drug, used primarily on the eye. It was sold under the trade name, Viroptic, by Glaxo Wellcome, now merged into GlaxoSmithKline.

CX-5461 is a first-in-class non-genotoxic small molecule targeted inhibitor of RNA polymerase I (Pol I) that activates the p53 pathway without causing DNA damage.

NSC207895 is a cell-permeable benzofuroxan compound that downregulates the p53 negative regulator MDMX protein level in MCF-7, LNCaP, and A549 cells (1 to 10 µM for 16 to 24 h) by suppressesing MDMX promoter transcription activity (IC50 = 2.5 µM in HT1080 cells), leading to enhanced p53 stabilization and activation.

Gemcitabine (LY 188011) is a DNA synthesis inhibitor which inhibits the growth of BxPC-3, Mia Paca-2, PANC-1, PL-45 and AsPC-1 cells with IC50s of 37.6, 42.9, 92.7, 89.3 and 131.4 nM, respectively.

Mitomycin C is a DNA crosslinking agent that inhibits DNA synthesis and induces apoptosis in a variety of cells.

YK 4-279 is an inhibitor of RNA Helicase A (RHA) binding to the oncogenic transciption factor EWS-FLI1.

Azithromycin is an azalide antibiotic, which inhibits the growth of gram negative bacteria, such as Haemophilus influenza.

Adenine sulfate is a sulfate salt form of adenine which is a purine derivative and a nucleobase with a variety of roles in biochemistry.

Aldoxorubicin, also known as INNO-206, is the 6-maleimidocaproyl hydrazone derivative prodrug of the anthracycline antibiotic doxorubicin (DOXO-EMCH) with antineoplastic activity.

Epirubicin is a cell-permeable antitumor antibiotic. A stereoisomer of Doxorubicin that exhibits reduced cardiotoxicity. Epirubicin?€?s antitumor actions are mediated by targeting and inhibiting Topo II (topoisomerase II).

Bleomycin hydrochloride is an antitumor antibiotic which induces apoptosis.

Antibiotic that inhibits bacterial protein synthesis. Inhibits mRNA-tRNA translocation by GTPase elongation factor G (EF-G), EF-TU(GTP)-catalyzed aa-tRNA delivery and the activity of initiation factor 2 (IF-2). Antitumor agent; induces cell cycle arrest and apoptosis in breast cancer cells via downregulation of FOXM1 expression.

Tubercidin is an adenosine analog, is an antibiotic obtained from Streptomyces tubercidicus.

Uridine triphosphate (UTP;Uridine 5'-triphosphate) is a nucleotide that regulates the functions of the pancreas in endocrine and exocrine secretion, proliferation, channels, transporters, and intracellular signaling under normal and disease states.

RG7800 a small molecule SMN2 splicing modifier to enter human clinical trials to treat spinal muscular atrophy.

Beaucage reagent is found to be potent in causing DNA cleavage.

AVN-944 (also known as VX-944) serves as an effective oral inhibitor, specifically targeting and inhibiting IMPDH (inosine monophosphate dehydrogenase). This enzyme plays a crucial role as a rate-limiting factor in the synthesis of guanine nucleotides from scratch. Additionally, AVN-944 acts against the synthesis of RNA in arenaviruses, effectively preventing arenavirus infections. Demonstrating a wide spectrum of anti-cancer properties, AVN-944 is utilized in research related to multiple myeloma (MM) and acute myeloid leukemia (AML).

Blasticidin S HCl is a nucleoside antibiotic isolated from Stretomyces girseochromogenes, and acts as a DNA and protein synthesis inhibitor.

Mupirocin is an isoleucyl t-RNA synthetase inhibitor.

Puromycin 2HCl is an aminonucleoside antibiotic, which acts as a protein synthesis inhibitor.

4E1RCat is a dual inhibitor of eIF4E:eIF4G and eIF4E:4E-BP1 interaction.

CRT0044876 is a potent and selective APE1 inhibitor with IC50 of ~3 μM.

Methylproamine is a DNA-binding radioprotector which, on the basis of published pulse radiolysis studies, acts by repair of transient radiation-induced oxidative species on DNA.

SCR7 is a specific DNA Ligase IV inhibitor. SCR7 inhibits end joining of double strand breaks in diverse cell types resulting in tumour regression by activation of p53 mediated apoptosis.

TAS-102 is an orally bioavailable combination agent composed of the cytotoxic pyrimidine analog Trifluridine (5-trifluoro-2??-deoxythymidine or TFT) and a thymidine phosphorylase inhibitor (TPI) tipiracil hydrochloride, in a molar ratio of 1.0:0.5 (TFT:TPI), with potential antineoplastic activity,

L189 is a novel human DNA ligase inhibitor, inhibits hLigI/III/IV with IC50 of 5/9/5 μM.

6-Mercaptopurine Monohydrate is a widely used antileukemic agent and immunosuppressive drug that inhibits de novo purine synthesis through incorporation of thiopurine methyltransferase metabolites into DNA and RNA.

L67 is a DNA Ligase Inhibitor. L67 inhibited DNA ligases I and III. L67 is a simple competitive inhibitor with respect to nicked DNA.